Tuberculosis is known as “the great mimicker.” Extrapulmonary tuberculosis accounts for approximately 20% of all cases, with about 10% of these involving the intestines. The ileocecal region is the most common site due to its high density of lymphoid tissue, slowed intestinal transit, and low bile acid concentration. We report the case of a 16-year-old male student who presented with symptoms consistent with an acute abdomen and required emergency laparotomy; subsequent histological examination confirmed tuberculosis. Diagnosis is challenging because of nonspecific symptoms that mimic other common conditions such as appendicitis. Imaging studies lack specificity, while positive Ziehl-Neelsen staining and the presence of Langerhans-type giant cell granulomas on histologic analysis are among the most sensitive and rapid diagnostic indicators. Intestinal tuberculosis carries a poor prognosis, particularly when associated with complications such as obstruction, perforation, or intestinal stenosis. Medical management follows the same antibiotic regimen used for pulmonary tuberculosis, whereas surgical intervention is reserved for acute abdominal complications.

Objectives: This study tested the hypothesis that cryotherapy duration influences lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in a rat model. Materials and Methods: Six Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus albinus) were used. Five sites were selected per animal and divided into 5 groups: a negative control group (NC), 2 positive control groups (PC1 and PC2), and 2 experimental groups (E1 and E2). Cryotherapy was applied for 1 minute (E1) or 5 minutes (E2). An acute inflammatory response was induced in the PC and E groups via subcutaneous administration of 0.5 mL/kg. In the PC2 group, a catheter was inserted without additional treatment. For the E1 and E2 groups, 2.5°C saline solution was administered through the implanted catheters for 1 and 5 minutes, respectively.The rats were sacrificed, and samples were obtained and processed for histological analysis, specifically examining the presence of polymorphonuclear neutrophils and hemorrhage. The χ 2 test was used to compare the presence of acute inflammation across groups. Dependent variables were compared using the linear-by-linear association test. Results: Inflammation and hemorrhage varied significantly among the groups (p = 0.001). A significantly higher degree of acute inflammation was detected (p = 0.0002) in the PC and E1 samples than in the E2 group, in which cryotherapy was administered for 5 minutes. The PC and E1 groups also exhibited significantly greater numbers of neutrophils (p = 0.007), which were essentially absent in both the NC and E2 groups. Conclusions Cryotherapy administration for 5 minutes reduced the acute inflammation associated with LPS and catheter implantation.