Objective:To preliminarily explore the application of directional electrodes with perceivable subthalamic nucleus-deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) for Parkinson′s disease (PD).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 56 patients with primary PD who underwent STN-DBS treatment across multiple neurosurgical centers, including the Department of Neurosurgery of the First Medical Center of the Chinese People′s Liberation Army General Hospital, the Department of Neurosurgery of Hua′an Brain Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, and the Department of Neurosurgery of Hefei Second People′s Hospital, from January to December 2024. The cohort included 26 patients in the directional+perception group and 30 in the conventional group. The directional+perception group had activation contacts selected based on electrode branch contact locations and local field potential data recorded by the perceptible deep brain stimulation (DBS) system. The conventional group used contact testing to determine therapeutic contacts. Unified Parkinson′s Disease Rating Scale-Ⅲ (UPDRS-Ⅲ) assessments were performed in the medication-off state under continuous STN-DBS therapy at postoperative activation, 1, 3, and 6 months, comparing postoperative data with preoperative baseline. Initial programming outcomes were also compared between groups.Results:By combining directional electrodes with sensing capabilities, therapeutic contacts can be selected more quickly and effectively. The directional+ perception group showed significantly shorter initial programming time compared to the conventional group [(30.1±4.7) min vs (65.0±6.8) min, respectively], with a statistically significant difference ( t=-22.159, P<0.001). Compared to preoperative baseline, UPDRS-Ⅲ scores improved markedly at postoperative activation and at 1, 3, and 6 months, with improvements of 59.8%(20.6±5.2 vs 51.2±8.7), 62.1%(19.4±6.2 vs 51.2±8.7), 55.5%(22.8±7.2 vs 51.2±8.7), and 61.7%(19.6±13.9 vs 51.2±8.7), respectively. The scores of tremor showed the greatest improvement of 72.2% [2.5(0, 4.3) vs 9.0(0, 13.0)], 61.1% [3.5(0, 5.0) vs 9.0(0, 13.0)], 72.2% [2.5(0, 5.0) vs 9.0(0, 13.0)], 63.3% [0(0, 3.3) vs 9.0(0, 13.0)], respectively, followed by rigidity. Axial symptoms, postural stability, and gait improved moderately, while speech showed no significant change. Conclusions:In the treatment of PD, the combined use of directional electrodes and a perceivable DBS system allows precise selection of therapeutic contacts. This approach not only safely and effectively improves patients′ motor symptoms but also significantly reduces the time required for initial programming compared to conventional DBS systems, demonstrating clear clinical advantages.

Objective:To preliminarily explore the application of directional electrodes with perceivable subthalamic nucleus-deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) for Parkinson′s disease (PD).Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 56 patients with primary PD who underwent STN-DBS treatment across multiple neurosurgical centers, including the Department of Neurosurgery of the First Medical Center of the Chinese People′s Liberation Army General Hospital, the Department of Neurosurgery of Hua′an Brain Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, and the Department of Neurosurgery of Hefei Second People′s Hospital, from January to December 2024. The cohort included 26 patients in the directional+perception group and 30 in the conventional group. The directional+perception group had activation contacts selected based on electrode branch contact locations and local field potential data recorded by the perceptible deep brain stimulation (DBS) system. The conventional group used contact testing to determine therapeutic contacts. Unified Parkinson′s Disease Rating Scale-Ⅲ (UPDRS-Ⅲ) assessments were performed in the medication-off state under continuous STN-DBS therapy at postoperative activation, 1, 3, and 6 months, comparing postoperative data with preoperative baseline. Initial programming outcomes were also compared between groups.Results:By combining directional electrodes with sensing capabilities, therapeutic contacts can be selected more quickly and effectively. The directional+ perception group showed significantly shorter initial programming time compared to the conventional group [(30.1±4.7) min vs (65.0±6.8) min, respectively], with a statistically significant difference ( t=-22.159, P<0.001). Compared to preoperative baseline, UPDRS-Ⅲ scores improved markedly at postoperative activation and at 1, 3, and 6 months, with improvements of 59.8%(20.6±5.2 vs 51.2±8.7), 62.1%(19.4±6.2 vs 51.2±8.7), 55.5%(22.8±7.2 vs 51.2±8.7), and 61.7%(19.6±13.9 vs 51.2±8.7), respectively. The scores of tremor showed the greatest improvement of 72.2% [2.5(0, 4.3) vs 9.0(0, 13.0)], 61.1% [3.5(0, 5.0) vs 9.0(0, 13.0)], 72.2% [2.5(0, 5.0) vs 9.0(0, 13.0)], 63.3% [0(0, 3.3) vs 9.0(0, 13.0)], respectively, followed by rigidity. Axial symptoms, postural stability, and gait improved moderately, while speech showed no significant change. Conclusions:In the treatment of PD, the combined use of directional electrodes and a perceivable DBS system allows precise selection of therapeutic contacts. This approach not only safely and effectively improves patients′ motor symptoms but also significantly reduces the time required for initial programming compared to conventional DBS systems, demonstrating clear clinical advantages.

【Objective】 To prepare liposomes encapsulate hemoglobin and paclitaxel(LEHP)to improve tumor hypoxia resistance. 【Methods】 LEHP were prepared by thin-film method, and the particle size, Zeta potential and polydispersity were investigated by nanoparticle size analyzer, and encapsulation efficiency was investigated by high performance liquid chromatography, and the interaction between the liposomes and tumor cells was evaluated by in vitro cell experiments. 【Results】 The optimal preparation conditions of LEHP was as follows: total phospholipid 36 mM, DPPC∶Dope∶cholesterol molar ratio 7∶2∶1, paclitaxel 3 mg, hydrated with 3 mg·mL^-1 Hb-PBS for 30 min at room temperature; The average particle size was (189.17±8.22) nm, polydispersity was 0.14±0.023, paclitaxel encapsulation efficiency was (58.27±2.55)%, hemoglobin content was (0.63±0.05) mg·mL^-1. In vitro cell experiments, the killing effect of LEHP was about 1.5 times that of LEP, about 1.2 times that of LEP, and ROS production was about 1.8 times that of LEP. 【Conclusion】 The preparation conditions of LEHP was optimized, and cell experiments showed that LEHP can promote tumor cell apoptosis by improving hypoxia and increasing ROS production, which is expected to provide a safe and effective new method for drug resistance caused by tumor hypoxia.

Meropenem is the first choice for the treatment of multi-drug-resistant bacterial infections， which has been widely used in clinical practice. However， the physiological and pathological characteristics of special populations have a significant impact on the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics （PK/PD） parameters of meropenem， so it is necessary to develop individualized drug administration plan according to the characteristics of patients in clinical application. Therefore， this paper summarizes PK/PD characteristics and application of meropenem in special population， and recommends the dosage of meropenem as follows： 10-40 mg/kg， q8 h for children； 1 g， q8-12 h for elderly patients； 0.75 g， q8 h for the patients with renal insufficiency who received continuous veno-venous hemofiltration and continuous veno-venous hemodialysis； 1 g， q8 h prolonged infusion until 3 hours or 2 g， q8 h for patients with hyperrenal function； 1 g， q8 h after 2 g loading dose for patients with cirrhosis.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Qianjin Wenwu decoction (QWD), a well-known traditional Korean medicine, has been used for the treatment of DKD, with satisfactory therapeutic effects. This study was designed to investigate the active components and mechanisms of action of QWD in the treatment of DKD. The results demonstrated that a total of 13 active components in five types were found in QWD, including flavonoids, flavonoid glycosides, phenylpropionic acids, saponins, coumarins, and lignins. Two key proteins, TGF-β1 and TIMP-1, were identified as the target proteins through molecular docking. Furthermore, QWD significantly suppressed Scr and BUN levels which increased after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) and Masson staining results demonstrated that QWD significantly alleviated renal interstitial fibrosis in UUO mice. We also found that QWD promoted ECM degradation by regulating MMP-9/TIMP-1 homeostasis to improve renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and interfere with the expression and activity of TGF- β1 in DKD treatment. These findings explain the underlying mechanism of QWD for the treatment of DKD, and also provide methodological reference for investigating the mechanism of traditional medicine in the treatment of DKD.
Rats ; Mice ; Animals ; Ureteral Obstruction/metabolism* ; Kidney/metabolism* ; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1/metabolism* ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Kidney Diseases/drug therapy* ; Extracellular Matrix/metabolism* ; Flavonoids/metabolism* ; Fibrosis