Background: Mongolia ranks first in the world for liver cancer incidence and mortality, with more than 95% of cases associated with hepatitis B virus infection. Healthcare professionals are considered a priority group for vaccination. Aim: To investigate the level of hepatitis B virus immunization among dental specialist physicians. Materials and Methods: This retrospective, observational, analytical cross-sectional study was conducted with approval from the Research Ethics Committee of the Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences (MNUMS). We analyzed serum test data from 76 dentists officially registered in the Dentistry residency program during the 2025–2026 academic year, assessing hepatitis B virus infection status and immunization levels. Statistical analysis of quantitative data was performed using SPSS version 27. Results: Data from 76 dentists were analyzed. The mean age was 28.5±6.2 years; by age group, 70% (n=53) were aged 20–29 years, 22.3% (n=17) were 30–39 years, and 7.8% (n=6) were over 40 years (p<0.05). By sex, 13.2% (n=10) were male (p>0.05). Among the study participants, 97.4% were HBV-negative with a mean age of 28.2±5.3 years (Median: 27.0, IQR: 24.0–31.0), whereas 2.6% were infected; the mean age of infected physicians was 43.5±2.1 years (Median: 43.5, IQR: 42.0–45.0), indicating a high and statistically significant occurrence of HBV infection in the age group over 40 years (Fisher’s exact test, p=0.05). When classified by immunity level, 29.2% (n=19) had anti-HBs levels below 10 mIU/mL (insufficient), 24.6% (n=16) had anti-HBs levels of 10–99 mIU/mL (weak), and 46.2% (n=30) had anti-HBs levels above 100 mIU/mL (adequate immunity); however, no statistically significant association was observed between age groups and protective antibody levels (Fisher’s exact test, p=0.892). Conclusion Among participants, the prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection was 2.6%, vaccination coverage was 85.5%, and anti-HBs antibody titers were adequate in 46.2%.

Urogenital mycoplasmosis is infectious inflammatory disease of the urinary tract caused by Mycoplasma exclusively. Pathogens of mycoplasma and ureaplasma are related to their biological rare uniqueness. Mycoplasma and ureaplasma has very small size of genome and lack a rigid cell wall. They are able to enter host cell membrane and multiply in it. This protects them from cellular and humoral immune reaction. This unique feature is the reason why the infection is often mysterious and asymptomatic. The dangerous difficulty of the ureaplasma and mycoplasma infection of the urinary tract leads to infertility, chronic endometritis, pregnancy without growing, fetal anomalies, primary and secondary placental shortage. Therefore, it is necessary to determine diagnostic approach and to study the extent the influence eproduction and the prevalence of causative agent.We analyzed the objects which derived from women with the pathogen for the period beginning from January 2014 up until January 2015 collaborating with “Oncogenic” laboratory at the National Center for Research on Cancer based on the women clinic “UilsButemj”. Total of 43 women who diagnosed to have key cells by vaginal smear test were included in the PCR analysis. Total of 12 healthy women who does not have obstetric chronic anamnesis were selected to be included in the analysis by creating control group. The study was done by the prospective case study model. IBM SPSS 20.0 software was used to process the results of the study. 43 women who were involved in the analysis were chosen by the following criteria: 1.With genitourinary complaints, 2.With positive key cells of the vaginal smear test.The average life expectancy of the women surveyed was 31,4±5,6. (min 22, max 53). The majority or 92.7% obtained high education and 7.3% have secondary education. For marital status, 74.5% have their own families and 25.5% of the total women involved were single. There were 15 infertile women or 34.8%, 11 miscarriage women or 25.5% and 12 women with pregnancy without growing or 27.9%, 4 women diagnosed to be pregnant outside of the uterus or 9.3%. The infection combined with U parvum and M hominis which cause pathogen accounted for 40% among total infertile women. The more combined the infection the more virulent. The following originators were detected by the PCR analysis which was run among the total of 43 women with pathogen:U.parvum 32 women, or 74.4%, U.urealiticum 11, or 25.5%, M.hominis 24, or 55.8%, M. Genitalis 4, or 9.3%, Gardnerella 31, or 72.9%, were detected respectively in single or co-discovered way and the majority of them are U.parvum and Gardnerella originators. 10 women, or 83.3%, with U.parvum, 3 women, or 25% with U.urealiticum, 4 women, or 33.3% with M.hominis, 1 woman or 8.3% with M. Genitalis and 7 women, or 41.6% with Gardnerella were detected respectively by the PCR analysis which was done in healthy women without any obstetiic chronic memory. Therefore, types of ureaplasma and mycoplasma is infected to human body as situational pathogen creator and those situational pathogen creators lead to difficulty by creating pathogen in case they shifts to the pathogen creator form. The fact that there were 15 infertile women or 34.8%, 11 miscarried women or 25.5%, 12 pregnant women without growing or 27.9%, 4 pregnant women outside of vagina or 9.3% shows that these pathogen creators are the factor for further difficulty.

INTRODUCTION:Alcohol (EtOH) use disorders (AUDs) represent a substantial public health problem worldwide. Over 76million people present with AUDs 2.5 million deaths were attributed to alcohol (World Health Organization,2010). Channadshelshi has been used for treatment of alcohol-related, liver disease and intoxication intraditional medicine.GOAL:To determine effect of channadshelshi on voluntary alcoholic wistar rats.MATERIALS AND METHODS:To examine acute toxicity of Channadselshi were used V.P.Prozorovsky express method (1978) andOECD (2001).Voluntary EtoH consumption measurement (two-bottle choice, intermittent access to EtOH paradigm inwistar rats). Water and 20% ethanol were presented in 200 mlgraduated plastic cylinders with stainlesssteeldrinking spouts.The experiment period was 10 weeks total. EtOH consumption was expressed asgrams of EtOH consumed per kilogram of body weight/day.Elevated plus maze. Anxiety associated with EtoH withdrawalwas measured on EPM The mazewaselevated 1 m above the floor and contained four 50 cm long, 10 cmwidearms arranged at rightangles. The closed arms had opaque walls 30cm high, extending the length of the arm. At the time of thetest, eachanimal was placed in the center of the maze facing an open arm andallowed to explore for a5 min session. During this 5 min test session, theanimal’s number of arm entries and time spent in eacharm per entry was recorded on a camera.Pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) 100 mg/kg dose used in this study was determined as the dose that inducedseizures and protection against mortality in miceThe experimental protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the MNUMS. (№ 14-11/1À)RESULTS:LD50 of Channadselshi extract was found to be LD50=2.58 (2.1-3.2) gr/kg by V.P.Prozorovsky expressmethod (1978). Channadselshi was no acute toxic by OECD (2001).Ten and four weeks oral administration of Channadselshi (200 mg/kg) significantly (P<0.01) decreasedthe consumption of ethanol and significantly (P<0.01) increased time spent in open arm (EPM) involuntary alcoholic wistar rat compare to control.The time (sec) of latency the generalized convulsion were significantly (P<0.01) increased ofChannadselshi compare to control. The percent of protection against mortality were 80% in PTZinduced seizure in mice.CONCLUSIONS:1. Our study showed that Channadselshi hasreduced consumption of ethanol in voluntary alcoholicwistar rat.2. Channadselshi has central nervous system protection effect against PTZ induced seizure in mice.

Managchenmo is a traditional Mongolian medicine functional liquor comprising twelve crude drugs: Sus scrofa / cinis faecis /, Inula helenium L., Terminalia chebula Retz., Melia toosendan Sieb, Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, Lagotis integrifolia (Willd.)Schischk, Gentiana barbata Froel, Moschus moschiferus, Bezoar Bovis, Calcio sinteris, Carthamus tinctorius L,and Saccharum officinarum. Nowadays the Mongolian traditional herbs are more preferable than the chemical ones; for this reason studies on their use history and new technologies are conducted. Thus we study Managchinmo affects, herb for treatment of liver hot disorders, on trial rats (Handa.S.S, Sharma.A .1990 ) with hepatotoxicity. The levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkalinephosphatase (ALP) were determined through biochemical methods. The bile duct was cannulated with a tube to collect bile for two hours and bile flow was calculated by the weight of each specimen. Our results showed that Managchenmo (150 mg/kg) significantly prevented CCl4-induced changes in bile flow and serum levels of ALT, AST, and ALP. In conclusion, Managchenmo exerted a protective effect on CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

BackgroundThe target group of the project, working age population, is more vulnerably exposed to the risk factors of NCDs due to deficiency of physical activities, stress, unhealthy eating, etc. The current study was carried out to assess the knowledge and attitude on health promoting workplaces among the employees of public and non-governmental organizations and businesses operating in Kherlen soum of Khentii aimag, identify their needs and make conclusions.Materials and MethodsThe cross-sectional study used questionnaires for 195 employees of 10 public agencies and 3 business entities of Kherlen soum of Khentii aimag, focus group discussions among 32 employees and individual interviews with 13 managing officials.ResultsWomen composed 38% (74 persons) and men composed 62% (121 persons) of the participants of the study. As for the duration of the service, 115 people or 58.7% have served for 1-10 years, 49 people or 25% have served for 11-20 years, 21 persons or 10.7% have served for 21-30 years and 6 persons or 3.1% have worked for 30 years. As for the knowledge of health promoting workplaces, the absolute majority of the participants demonstrated medium or low level of knowledge with statistical significance (p<0.01) among ages, with women demonstrating higher level of knowledge and increasing trend with the years of work. Absolute majority of the participants of the qualitative survey answered that possess insufficient information of health promoting workplaces. Majority or 54.2% (105) of the participants understand health promoting workplaces as provision of working conditions and organization of preventive health check ups. Creating healthy workplaces will have no negativeimpact but increased productivity, higher morale, better wellness, according to the respondents. Job satisfaction as an impact of health promotion at workplace was supported by 48.4% of the employees at 20-30 years age and 54.2% of the employees who have served for 11-20 years. 57.7% (112) of the respondents disagree that their workplaces created health promoting conditions. The knowledge of the majority of the participants in insufficient as 89.3% answer that WHP is provision of healthy environment for working. Health promotion is not implemented sufficiently at the policy level and is limited merely to improvement of physical environment and solution of social problems, with insufficient behavior targeting actions and participation of employees in health promoting activities.Conclusions:1. The knowledge on health promoting workplaces is insufficient.2. The answers of the respondents that lack of health promotion at workplaces will reduce productivity (69.2%) and adversely affect the health of the employees (44.7%) demonstrate the need in WHP.3. The further activities necessary for further development of health promoting workplaces were identified as provision of comprehensive knowledge, cooperation with professional organizations and learn from experiences of health promoting workplace models, mutual learning and solution of the financial issues.

Objectives: To investigate of Lonal praparation for antidiabetic effects in diabetic rats induced by alloxan. Methods: Diabetic animals were randomly divided into 3 groups and treated orally with different doses (100 mg/kg body weight) Lonal extract once a day for 21 days. The body weight of each animal was determined, to assess any possible weight gain or loss in experimental animals compared with control groups. On the 21st day, those administered 100 mg/kg of Lonal showed more promising results with regard to fasting blood glucose (FBG), water intake when compared to those treated with other doses. Therefore, 100 mg/kg dose was used for further biochemical studies. Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), Alat, Asat, ALP, low density lipoproteins (LDL) and high density lipoproteins (HDL) levels, on normal and diabetic rats treated with the dose of 100 mg/kg, were evaluated. Results: The flower extract shows a significant (p