The epiglottis is a leaf-shaped elastic cartilage structure that guides air into the larynx and prevents food entry into the respiratory tract. Unlike other laryngeal cartilages, it rarely calcifies. Epiglottic calcification is poorly understood, with most data from case reports or postmortem studies, and its prevalence in living individuals remains unclear. This study aims to assess epiglottic calcification on neck computed tomography (CT) and explore associations with age, sex, and medical history. This retrospective observational study evaluated 203 high-resolution neck CT scans from adult patients between 2023 and 2025. Patients with structural abnormalities, prior neck surgery, or poor-quality scans were excluded. Calcification was assessed on the base, body, and stalk of the epiglottis by anatomical location on the epiglottic wall (anterior, posterior, or full thickness) and severity of the lesion (mild, moderate, severe). Two experienced observers independently reviewed all scans, resolving discrepancies by consensus. Only 5 out of 203 patients (2.46%) showed epiglottic calcification, all males aged over 60. Calcifications were primarily located in the body and base, with no involvement of the stalk and no severe or fullthickness cases. No associated epiglottic deformities were observed. Epiglottic calcification is predominantly affecting elderly males. The absence of symptoms suggests a benign, age-related change rather than a pathological condition. Recognition on CT is essential to prevent unnecessary procedures. Further studies integrating imaging, histology, and clinical data are needed to better understand its pathophysiology, and potential clinical implications.

Bone variations are usually a result of abnormal ossification during embryonic life. Separately or in combination, sternal foramina and bifid xiphoid process are well documented skeletal alternations, as well as the median cleft of the posterior arch of the atlas. However, their appearance in combination is not yet celebrated in the literature. Our post-mortem examination unearthed such a triple variant of an adult male skeleton, which included no other skeletal variations. The fact that all variants are depicted in the median line of ossification implies a hypothesis of a triggered midline bone defect process. The awareness among clinicians of such variations during interventional and imaging procedures is of great importance.

The aortic arch may present a plethora of anatomical variations, which my cause a cluster of complications in interventional procedures in surgery and angiography. We present a rare case of a common origin of both the common carotids arteries from the brachiocephalic trunk (anonymous artery), with the left common carotid artery emerging from the initial portion of it, forming a small common trunk. The great importance towards an excellent knowledge of the topographical aortic arch anatomy is stressed out.
Angiography ; Aorta, Thoracic* ; Arteries ; Brachiocephalic Trunk ; Carotid Artery, Common*

The profunda femoris artery (PFA) represents the first and largest branch of the femoral artery in the thigh. A series of anatomical variations are reported, mostly concerning its point of origin and its altered trajectories within the lower limb. We present a rare case of a double PFA, where each separate branch followed the expected arterial pattern. Our case aim to alert surgeons and radiologists for the possibility to encounter an unexpected vascular alternation. Knowledge of topographical anatomy of the PFA and its variations is essential for possible complications after interventional procedures to be avoided.
Arteries* ; Cadaver* ; Female* ; Femoral Artery ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Surgeons ; Thigh

BACKGROUND: Some surgeons consider the abscission of a part of the articular bursa around the point of the input of ganglion's nape (average 1-2 cm diameter) to be very important with excellent results. However, a literature search revealed disagreement as to whether it is essential to repair a bursa defect. This study examined the effectiveness of this method without repairing the articular defect. An attempt was made to identify the anatomical origin of wrist ganglia during the surgical procedure. METHODS: This study evaluated 124 wrist ganglia that had been treated surgically during 2004-2009 using this technique and without repairing the bursa defect (1-2 cm in diameter). The variables studied were age, gender, time from the occurrence till abscission of the ganglia, former surgical interventions, preoperative and postoperative pain, insertion of the ganglion's nape and complications. Sixty-six patients with a mean follow-up of 42 months and minimum 12 months were examined. RESULTS: At the time of the follow-up, 80.3% had no pain whereas 92.2% showed a remarkable improvement. Seven cases of recurrence (10.6%) were found 2 to 85 months after surgery, of which most appeared during the first year (71.4%). It is important to mention that the majority of the dorsal ganglia (42.8%) originated from the capitate-lunate joint. None of the patients presented with scapholunate or other instability. CONCLUSIONS: This surgical method is a simple and safe with excellent long-term results and a lower recurrence rate compared to other surgical approaches. Overall, repair of the articular bursa is unnecessary.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bursa, Synovial/*surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Ligaments, Articular/pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Recurrence ; Synovial Cyst/pathology/*surgery ; Wrist/*surgery ; Young Adult