Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of 13 common respiratory pathogens in children in Zibo area from 2020 to 2022.Methods A total of 3091 hospitalized children with respiratory infections admitted to Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected as the subjects.Throat swabs or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were collected from the patients,and 13 common respiratory pathogens were tested to analyze the distribution differences among different genders,ages,and seasons.Results Among 3091 pediatric patients,1794 were found to be infected with pathogens.The top three pathogens were Mycoplasma pneumoniae,rhinovirus,and respiratory syncytial virus(RSV).The single infection rate was 47.75％,while the mixed infection rate was 10.28％,with the most common scenario being a mixed infection of two pathogens.There were statistically significant differences in the pathogen profiles across different age groups(P＜0.001):infants had the highest detection rate of RSV,young children were primarily infected with rhinovirus,preschool and school-age children were predominantly infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae.Seasonal distribution showed that the highest positive rate was in autumn,while the lowest was in spring(P＜0.05).In spring,the main pathogens were rhinovirus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae;in summer,they were rhinovirus and parainfluenza virus;in autumn,they were Mycoplasma pneumoniae and RSV;and in winter,the detection rates of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and influenza B virus were higher.Conclusion From 2020 to 2022,Mycoplasma pneumoniae,rhinovirus and RSV were the main pathogens of children's respiratory tract infection in Zibo area,and there were significant differences in the distribution of pathogens among different ages and seasons.

Objective:To explore the application effect of integrated root cause analysis (RCA) in the analysis of approximate administration error events, and to provide reference for the management of clinical approximate administration error events.Methods:A non-synchronous pre-and post-control study was conducted. The data of 3 cases of approximate error events of drug administration in the Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University from January to September 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The integrated RCA was used to find out the proximal causes, and the system diagram and problem tree analysis were used to determine the root causes. The improvement measures were formulated through barrier analysis, including improving the safety barrier of hospital information system (HIS), updating the database of drug instructions in the Department of Cardiology, standardizing the barrier of nurses′ treatment and examination of medical orders, and visual management barrier. The integrated RCA improvement measures were applied to the management of approximate error events of drug administration. The improvement effect was evaluated by comparing the number of adverse events of medication errors before improvement (January to September 2021) and after improvement (September 2023 to May 2024), the error rate of HIS drug orders, the number of drug interceptions in pharmacies, the processing time of doctors′ HIS orders, and the qualified rate of medical staff 's drug knowledge assessment.Results:There were 32 medical staff in the department of cardiology before improvement, including 6 males and 26 females, aged (31.03 ± 4.29) years old. After improvement, 30 medical staff, 6 males and 24 females, aged (31.20 ± 4.37) years old. After the implementation of integrated RCA improvement, the number of adverse events of medication errors decreased from 3 cases before improvement to 0 cases after improvement. The error rate of HIS drug orders decreased from 11.83%(11/93) before improvement to 2.74%(2/73) after improvement. Improve the pre-audit system without pharmacy drug delivery interception function, improve the pre-application drug information 6 990, the number of drug interception was 0; after improvement, 7 782 pieces of drug information were claimed, and the number of drug interceptions was 78. The difference before and after improvement was statistically significant ( χ2=68.54, P<0.05). After the improvement, the doctor′s HIS doctor′s order processing time including admission, discharge, preoperative, postoperative, examination and medication, and temporary doctor′s order processing time were (1.14 ± 0.41), (1.37 ± 0.30), (0.43 ± 0.11), (0.51 ± 0.11), (0.40 ± 0.10) and (0.51 ± 0.14) min, respectively. They were lower than (4.07 ± 0.70), (3.69 ± 0.60), (1.44 ± 0.24), (2.10 ± 0.45), (1.41 ± 0.28) and (1.44 ± 0.29) min before improvement, and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 15.21-21.42, all P<0.05). The qualified rate of drug knowledge examination of medical staff increased from 81.25%(26/32) before improvement to 100.00%(30/30) after improvement, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The application of integrated RCA to analyze the approximate error events of drug administration is helpful to identify the system defects in the workflow of electronic medical order administration more comprehensively, improve work efficiency and ensure the quality and safety of medical care.

Objective:To explore the application effect of integrated root cause analysis (RCA) in the analysis of approximate administration error events, and to provide reference for the management of clinical approximate administration error events.Methods:A non-synchronous pre-and post-control study was conducted. The data of 3 cases of approximate error events of drug administration in the Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University from January to September 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The integrated RCA was used to find out the proximal causes, and the system diagram and problem tree analysis were used to determine the root causes. The improvement measures were formulated through barrier analysis, including improving the safety barrier of hospital information system (HIS), updating the database of drug instructions in the Department of Cardiology, standardizing the barrier of nurses′ treatment and examination of medical orders, and visual management barrier. The integrated RCA improvement measures were applied to the management of approximate error events of drug administration. The improvement effect was evaluated by comparing the number of adverse events of medication errors before improvement (January to September 2021) and after improvement (September 2023 to May 2024), the error rate of HIS drug orders, the number of drug interceptions in pharmacies, the processing time of doctors′ HIS orders, and the qualified rate of medical staff 's drug knowledge assessment.Results:There were 32 medical staff in the department of cardiology before improvement, including 6 males and 26 females, aged (31.03 ± 4.29) years old. After improvement, 30 medical staff, 6 males and 24 females, aged (31.20 ± 4.37) years old. After the implementation of integrated RCA improvement, the number of adverse events of medication errors decreased from 3 cases before improvement to 0 cases after improvement. The error rate of HIS drug orders decreased from 11.83%(11/93) before improvement to 2.74%(2/73) after improvement. Improve the pre-audit system without pharmacy drug delivery interception function, improve the pre-application drug information 6 990, the number of drug interception was 0; after improvement, 7 782 pieces of drug information were claimed, and the number of drug interceptions was 78. The difference before and after improvement was statistically significant ( χ2=68.54, P<0.05). After the improvement, the doctor′s HIS doctor′s order processing time including admission, discharge, preoperative, postoperative, examination and medication, and temporary doctor′s order processing time were (1.14 ± 0.41), (1.37 ± 0.30), (0.43 ± 0.11), (0.51 ± 0.11), (0.40 ± 0.10) and (0.51 ± 0.14) min, respectively. They were lower than (4.07 ± 0.70), (3.69 ± 0.60), (1.44 ± 0.24), (2.10 ± 0.45), (1.41 ± 0.28) and (1.44 ± 0.29) min before improvement, and the differences were statistically significant ( t values were 15.21-21.42, all P<0.05). The qualified rate of drug knowledge examination of medical staff increased from 81.25%(26/32) before improvement to 100.00%(30/30) after improvement, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The application of integrated RCA to analyze the approximate error events of drug administration is helpful to identify the system defects in the workflow of electronic medical order administration more comprehensively, improve work efficiency and ensure the quality and safety of medical care.

Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of 13 common respiratory pathogens in children in Zibo area from 2020 to 2022.Methods A total of 3091 hospitalized children with respiratory infections admitted to Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected as the subjects.Throat swabs or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were collected from the patients,and 13 common respiratory pathogens were tested to analyze the distribution differences among different genders,ages,and seasons.Results Among 3091 pediatric patients,1794 were found to be infected with pathogens.The top three pathogens were Mycoplasma pneumoniae,rhinovirus,and respiratory syncytial virus(RSV).The single infection rate was 47.75％,while the mixed infection rate was 10.28％,with the most common scenario being a mixed infection of two pathogens.There were statistically significant differences in the pathogen profiles across different age groups(P＜0.001):infants had the highest detection rate of RSV,young children were primarily infected with rhinovirus,preschool and school-age children were predominantly infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae.Seasonal distribution showed that the highest positive rate was in autumn,while the lowest was in spring(P＜0.05).In spring,the main pathogens were rhinovirus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae;in summer,they were rhinovirus and parainfluenza virus;in autumn,they were Mycoplasma pneumoniae and RSV;and in winter,the detection rates of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and influenza B virus were higher.Conclusion From 2020 to 2022,Mycoplasma pneumoniae,rhinovirus and RSV were the main pathogens of children's respiratory tract infection in Zibo area,and there were significant differences in the distribution of pathogens among different ages and seasons.

Objective:To study the radiation dose rate and effective dose in ambient environment due to 125I seed implantation in the treatment of the patients suffering abdominal and pelvic tumors, so as to provide reference for occupational protection of different groups. Methods:Within 24 hours after operation, the radiation dose rate to 42 patients with abdominal and pelvic tumor with 125I seed implantation was monitored by using pocket dosimeter. The relationships between the total activity in the implanted particles and the measured dose rate, as well as between the implanted depth and the dose rate under the standard activity, were obtained by curve fitting. According to the formula, the relationship between the dose rate and the warning time was calculated. Results:The dose rates at 30 cm, 50 cm and 100 cm of vertical particle implantation site were (6.92±2.87), (4.10±1.62) and (1.30±0.48) μSv/h, respectively ( χ2=73.71, P<0.05). The dose rates on the left and right sides were (0.378±0.156) and (0.384±0.153) μSv/h at 30 cm, (0.170±0.089) and (0.17±0.086) μSv/h at 50 cm, (0.039 ±0.014) and (0.043±0.017) μSv/h at 100 cm, respectively ( χ2=76.19, 76.33, P<0.05). There was a linear relationship between the dose rate at the vertical particle implantation site and the total activity in the implanted particles, and between the dose rate and the implantation depth under the standard activity. The relationship between the warning time and the dose rate to adults in the same bed, co-workers, minors in the same bed and pregnant women were as follows: t ( d)=-106.616+ 83.779ln D( t), t ( d)=26.556+ 85.933ln D ( t), t( d)=3.088+ 85.017ln D( t). Conclusions:After 125I seed implantation, the radiation dose in the ambient environment is low, ensuring the radiation safety; and the measured dose rate decreases with the decrease in the total activity in the implanted particle and the increase in the implantation depth; at the same time, the warning time for different groups is calculated according to the measured dose rate or the total activity in the implanted particle and the depth of the implanted particle, so as to carry out individualized protection.

Objective: Predefining the most effective treatment for patients with depressive disorders remains a problem. We will examine the differential brain regions of gray matter (GM) in major depressive disorder (MDD) patients and the relationship between changes in their volume and the efficacy of early antidepressant treatment using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: 159 never-medicated patients with first-episode MDD and 53 normal control subjects (NCs) were enrolled. The brains were scanned by MRI and measured with the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) at baseline and after 2 weeks of treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)s, and the non-responder group and responder group were obtained. The patients were analyzed by voxel-based morphological (VBM) and SPSS software. Receiver operator characteristics (ROC) analysis was performed for the difference between the responder group and the non-responder group in the differential brain regions, and Pearson correlations were computed between volume size and HAMD score reduction rate. Results: Smaller GM volume of the right superior temporal gyrus (STG), and the orbital parts of the right medial frontal gyrus and right inferior frontal gyrus were observed in MDD versus the NCs. The non-responder group demonstrated a significant volume reduction at the right STG compared with the responders, but no corresponding change in orbital part of right medial frontal gyrus and right inferior frontal gyrus. ROC analysis showed that Accuracy=71.2%. There was a positive correlation between the STG gray matter volume and the HAMD-17 score reduction rate (r=0.347, p=0.002). Conclusion The study results confirmed the local changes in brain structure in MDD and may initially predict the early treatment response produced by SSRIs as antidepressants.

Regarding to the sharply increased applications and relatively lower rate of successful funding for major projects in the fields of Critical Care/Wounds and Injuries/Burns/Plastic Surgery from the National Natural Science Foundation of China in recent years, the author summarized the funded projects in this specific field from 2014 to 2018, discussed the characteristics and trends of these applications and grants, and summarized the hotspot issues and frontier researches so as to help the applicants in the future.

To summarize the projects granted by National Natural Science Foundation of China related to tumor biomarkers in laboratory medicine from 2010 to 2018. The projects are categorized and analyzed according to tumor classification, biochemical properties of biomarkers. What′s more, characters of granted projects of tumor biomarkers in recent 9 years are summarized and development trends are pointed out.

At present , laboratory medicine has become one of the fastest growing subjects in the field of medicine.The development of laboratory medicine directly led to the improvement of diagnosis and the increase of test methods in clinic .The data of project applications and grants of the National Natural Science Foundation of China in the field of laboratory medicine from 2014 to 2017 were reviewed and summarized.The future prospect was also analyzed to provide references for related researchers in this field .

The characteristics and principles of acupoint selection in auricular plaster therapy for hypertension were explored. By searching CNKI (search time from 1950 to November of 2015), VIP database (search time from 1989 to November of 2015) and WanFang Database (search time from 1983 to November of 2015), the clinical research literature regarding auricular plaster therapy for hypertension was collected, and frequency statistics method was used for analysis. As a result, totally 117 articles were included. The auricular points with frequency from high to low were Jiangyagou, Shenmen (TF), Gan (CO), Xin (CO), Shen (CO), Jiaogan (AH), Pizhixia (AT), Jiangyadian and Neifenmi. The TCM syndromes with frequency from high to low were excessive accumulation of phlegm-dampness syndrome, upper hyperactivity of liversyndrome,deficiency andhyperactivity syndrome and excessive liver-fire syndrome. In conclusion, based on cross-reference of TCM and modern medicine combination ofand meridians differentiation and valuing the auricular points from clinical experience, the auricular plaster therapy for hypertension was characterized with "treating the principal and subordinate symptoms simultaneously and respectively" and "differentiation-based selection of auricular points to regulate", which could fully take the anti-hypertension advantages of non-pharmacotherapy.