Orthokeratology is an effective intervention for myopia control in adolescents,and the precision of lens fitting and the efficacy of follow-up monitoring directly influence treatment outcomes.The conventional fitting process depends largely on physicians' subjective experience,which leads to bottlenecks such as poor consistency in lens fitting and insufficient quantitative evaluation of therapeutic effects.In recent years,artificial intelligence has achieved groundbreaking progress in the field of medical image analysis,offering new options for the fitting of orthokeratology lenses.This article reviews the application and research advances of machine learning in orthokeratology lens fitting as reported in recent publications indexed in PubMed and Web of Science,aiming to provide a reference for future research.

Objective:To explore the clinical application value of rapid next-generation sequencing (NGS) strategy based on targeted amplicon sequencing in the diagnosis of myeloid neoplasms.Methods:In this observational study, both rapid NGS and conventional NGS on the bone marrow or peripheral blood samples of 682 patients were prospectively performed from February 2021 to August 2022 in First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. The sequencing results were analyzed using the local Ion Reporter software and our lab′s self-built bioinformatics platform, respectively. The timeliness of the two sequencing platforms was compared, and the Kappa consistency test was used to evaluate the consistency between the two sequencing platforms. Patients aged between 18 and 59 years with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) underwent screening by rapid NGS combining multiplex RT-PCR and in situ fluorescence hybridization technique within 72 hours, from whom high-risk patients according to European LeukemiaNet (ELN) 2017 were screened for individualized induction therapy.Results:In terms of timeliness, the median time from sample receipt to report issuance were 3 (2, 4) days and 13 (11, 15) days under rapid NGS and conventional NGS testing, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( Z=?22.636, P<0.001). Among 682 specimens with a total of 1 507 variants, rapid NGS detected a total of 1 499 variants, with a detection rate of 99.5% and 674 cases were accurate, with an accuracy rate of 98.8%; the conventional NGS detected 1 506 variants, with a detection rate of 99.9% and 681 cases were accurate, with an accuracy rate of 99.9%. In 682 specimens, there were 181 negative and 501 positive, in which 8 cases were missed under rapid NGS, and 1 case was missed under conventional NGS. The kappa value was 0.967 by Kappa consistency test, and P<0.001, suggesting good consistency and consistency between the two NGS platforms. From February 2021 to July 2022, 286 patients who were rapidly diagnosed of AML contained 78 patients screened as the ELN 2017 adverse-risk category, including 42 patients enrolled, with age 39 (33, 52) years old. After one cycle of venetoclax combined with decitabine induction therapy, 78.6%(38/42) of the patients achieved composite complete remission. Among the rest 104 additional myeloid neoplasms, rapid NGS detected mutations in 80 patients, with a detection rate of 76.9%, among which 89.0%(215/242) of the variants could serve as the basis for the diagnostic classification, prognostic evaluation, and target therapy of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN), and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN). Conclusion:The rapid NGS based on targeted amplicon sequencing is in good consistency with conventional NGS, and shorters the diagnostic time, whose sensitivity and detection range meets the need for diagnostic classification, prognostic stratification, and target therapy of myeloid neoplasms.

Objective To observe the relationship between the size of idiopathic macular hole (IMH) and the healing types of postoperative photoreceptor layer after vitrectomy.Methods This prospective uncontrolled study included 33 eyes of 31 consecutive patients who underwent vitrectomy for IMH.There were 9 males (9 eyes) and 22 females (22 eyes),with the mean age of (58.16± 9.10) years.The mean duration of symptoms was (4.97± 5.97) months.The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were measured for all patients.BCVA was measured with international standard visual acuity chart and then converted to logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR).The mean logMAR BCVA was 1.07± 0.38.The mean intraocular pressure was (14.05±0.54) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa).The minimum size of the macular hole (MIN),the base diameter of the macular hole (BASE),the average width of the macular hole (AWMH) and the average height of the macular hole (AHMH) were (465.19± 232.84),(943.63 ± 389.26),(704.72 ± 292.64),(443.84± 72.47) μm,respectively.According to the MIN value,the hole size were divided into small,medium and large group which had 9 eyes,15 eyes,9 eyes,respectively.According to the postoperative OCT characteristics,the healing types of the photoreceptor layer were divided into 0-Ⅳ types.All patients underwent pars plana vitrectomy (25G or 27G standard three-incision) with internal limiting membrane peeling with tamponade agents.The mean follow-up was (326.42 ± 157.17) days.The first postoperative OCT characteristics were defined as the early period.The therapy results were evaluated according to the last follow-up time point.BCVA and intraocular pressure before and after operation were compared by paired t test.The postoperative BCVA were compared with preoperative BCVA,MIN,AWMH,AHMH and follow-up using Pearson correlation analysis.Results At the last follow-up,the LogMAR BCVA was 1.52-1.40 in 3 eyes,1.30-0.52 in 22 eyes and 0.40--0.07 in 8 eyes.Compared with preoperative that,the difference was statistically significant (t=-6.023,P＜0.001).The photoreceptor healing was type 0 in 10 eyes (30.3％),type Ⅰ in 4 eyes (12.1％),type Ⅱ in 10 eyes (30.3％),type Ⅲ in 9 eyes (27.3％) at the early postoperative period.The photoreceptor healing was type 0 in 5 eyes (15.2％),type Ⅰ in 5 eyes (15.2％),type Ⅲ in 12 eyes (36.4 ％),type Ⅳ in 11 eyes (33.3％) at the last follow-up.The preoperative size ofIMH was negatively correlated to the photoreceptor healing types at early postoperative period (r=-0.590,P＜0.01) and the last follow-up (r=-0.768,P＜0.01),respectively.The correlation analysis showed that the postoperative BCVA associated with the preoperative BCVA,the stage of the macular hole,the size of the macular hole,MIN,BASE,AWMH,AHMH,the healing types ofphotoreceptor layer of the early and the last follow-up after surgery (r=0.500,0.370,0.470,0.435,0.533、0.505,0.462,-0.442,-0.656,P＜0.05).There was no correlation between age,visual decreasing times and follow-up times (r=0.285,0.234,-0.310,P＞0.05).Conclusion The preoperative sizes of IMH were associated with the postoperative healing types of photoreceptor layer.