Objective To establish a laser diffraction method for determining globule size distribution in medium and long chain fat emulsion injection(C8～24Ve).Methods The Mastersizer 3000 laser particle size analyzer and Hydro EV wet sampling device were used,with water as the dispersion medium.Critical parameters,including refractive index,absorption coefficient,obscuration,measurement duration,stirring speed,and sonication parameters,were systematically optimized.Comparative evaluations were conducted across different computational models(Mie vs.Fraunhofer theories)and instrument platforms.Results The optimized optical parameters for particle size distribution analysis of medium and long chain fat emulsion injection(C8～24Ve)were determined as follows:absorption rate 0.001,refractive index 1.52,measurement duration 10 s,stirring speed 1 200 r·min-1,with no sonication applied.Under these conditions,the method demonstrated satisfactory precision,repeatability,and robustness.Conclusions This method demonstrates operational simplicity,high accuracy,and excellent reproducibility,making it suitable for particle size distribution analysis of medium and long chain fat emulsion injection(C8～24Ve).The established protocol provides a valuable reference for the development of particle size determination methods for emulsion formulations.

Objective To establish a laser diffraction method for determining globule size distribution in medium and long chain fat emulsion injection(C8～24Ve).Methods The Mastersizer 3000 laser particle size analyzer and Hydro EV wet sampling device were used,with water as the dispersion medium.Critical parameters,including refractive index,absorption coefficient,obscuration,measurement duration,stirring speed,and sonication parameters,were systematically optimized.Comparative evaluations were conducted across different computational models(Mie vs.Fraunhofer theories)and instrument platforms.Results The optimized optical parameters for particle size distribution analysis of medium and long chain fat emulsion injection(C8～24Ve)were determined as follows:absorption rate 0.001,refractive index 1.52,measurement duration 10 s,stirring speed 1 200 r·min-1,with no sonication applied.Under these conditions,the method demonstrated satisfactory precision,repeatability,and robustness.Conclusions This method demonstrates operational simplicity,high accuracy,and excellent reproducibility,making it suitable for particle size distribution analysis of medium and long chain fat emulsion injection(C8～24Ve).The established protocol provides a valuable reference for the development of particle size determination methods for emulsion formulations.

The update of multi-omics technology is a key means to promote the rapid development of accurate health model in the whole life cycle.It can formulate dynamic and accurate nursing measures and provide massive data information from the perspective of nursing biology of health and disease.At present,clinical nursing research faces many challenges such as insufficient application and transformation ability of multi-omics technology.This paper introduces the multi-omics technology,reviews the application status of multi-omics technology in cancer nursing,maternal and child nursing,chronic metabolic disease nursing and symptom management,and puts forward the cross integration and prospect of multi-omics technology and nursing research,so as to strengthen the information mining ability of nurses at different levels of health and disease,and provide an important basis for accelerating the clinical transformation of precision nursing.

Objective To study the expression of tumor stem cell marker aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1)in invasive bladder cancer tissue and to clarify its relationship with the biological behavior of bladder cancer. Methods The ALDH1 expression in 109 cases of primary invasive carcinomas specimens (case group)and 20 cases of normal bladder tissue surrounding cancer (control group)was detected by immunohistochemistry. At the same time,the ALDH1 expression in 6 cases of metastatic pelvic lymph node tissue and 20 cases of non-metastatic pelvic lymph node tissue was detected. The relationship between the ALDH1 expression and the chinicopathological charateristics of invasive bladder cancer and its influence in the survival rate and disease-free survival were analyzed. Results The positive rates of ALDH1 expression in bladder cancer tissue and normal bladder tissue were 33.94%(37/109)and 5.00% (1/20),respectively,there was significant different between them (P<0.01);they were 19.05% (8/42)and 43.28% (29/67)in the cases with non muscle invasive and nmuscle invasive bladder cancer, respectively,there was significant difference (P<0.01);they were 13.04% (3/23)and 39.53% (34/86)in the cases of bladder cancer with low grade and high grade,respectively,there was significant difference (P<0.05);they were 50.00% (3/6)and 12.90% (4/31)in the tissue of bladder cancer with metastatic lymph nodes and non metastatic ones,respectively,there was significant difference (P<0.05);they were 50.00% (3/6)and 0.00%(0/20)in the metastatic lymph nodes and non metastatic ones,respectively,there was significant difference (P<0.01).The overall survival rate in the patients with positive ALDH1 expression was 64.9% while it was 84.7% in negative ones,there was significant difference (P<0.05);the disease-free Survival was 51.4% and 75% in the patients with positive and negative ALDH1 groups,respectively,there was significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusion The high expression of tumor stem cell marker ALDH1 is associated with staging, grading and prognosis of invasive bladder cancer.ALDH1 may play a role in the tumorigenesis,progression and metastasis of bladder cancer.

Objective To explore the influence of salinomycin in the growth, apoptosis and invasion of human bladder cancer 5637 cells,and to clarify its possible mechanism.Methods The human bladder cancer 5637 cells cultured invitro at logarithmic growth phase were divided into control group and different doses of salinomycin(15, 30 and 60μmol·L-1 )groups.The inhibitory rate of the growth of 5637 cells in various groups was measured by MTT assay. Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptotic rates of 5637 cells in various groups. The invasiveness of 5637 cells was tested by Matrigel Invasion Assay.The expression levels ofβ-catenin protein in 5637 cells in various groups were determined by Western blotting method. Results Compared with control group,the inhibitory rates of growth of human bladder cancer 5637 cells in different doses of salinomycin groups were increased significantly(P<0.05);the apoptotic rates were increased(P<0.05).the number of cells passed the Matrigel was decreased(P<0.05),and the expression level ofβ-catenin protein was decreased (P<0.05).Compared with low dose of salinomycin group,the inhibitory rate of growth of 5637 cells in high dose of salinomycin group was increased(P<0.05);the apoptotic rate was increased(P<0.05),the number of cells passed the Matrigel was decreased (P < 0.05 ), and the expression levels of β-catenin protein was decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion Salinomycin can inhibit the growth of 5637 cells significantly,increase the apoptosis,and decrease the cell invasion;the inhibitory effect may act by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.