Physicochemical Characterization and Biocompatibility of Bioactive Glass/Polycaprolactone Scaffold for Alveolar Bone Regeneration In bone tissue engineering, scaffold-based approaches offer great potential for regenerating damaged or lost bone tissue. Composite scaffolds have gained popularity because they combine the beneficial properties of two or more materials, providing promising biomimetic properties for tissue regeneration. In our study, combining the biocompatibility of bioactive glass with the mechanical qualities of polycaprolactone provides tailored properties and scaffold architecture conducive to alveolar bone regeneration. This study aims to develop a bone substitute using bioactive glass/polycaprolactone (BG/PCL) composites and to evaluate its biocompatibility for potential applications in alveolar bone regeneration. BG/PCL scaffolds were fabricated using a solvent-casting method at three different weight percentages (wt.%) ratios (10:90, 20:80, and 30:70). The scaffolds were characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and methyl tetrazolium (MTT) (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) Assay to evaluate their physical, chemical, and biocompatibility properties. Among the three BG:PCL composite ratios tested (10:90, 20:80, and 30:70), the 10:90 ratio demonstrated the most favourable properties. SEM analysis of this composition revealed optimal surface roughness and well-distributed interconnected pores, which are conducive to cell attachment, enhanced cellular infiltration, and efficient nutrient diffusion. FTIR spectra displayed characteristic absorption bands corresponding to the functional groups of BG and PCL components while the biocompatibility test confirmed the viability and proliferation of periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblast cells when cultured with the scaffolds. This study demonstrates that the developed BG/PCL composite, especially at the 10:90 ratio, possesses suitable properties and biocompatibility, highlighting its potential for use in alveolar bone regeneration.