Cemental tear is a rare and indetectable condition unless obvious clinical signs present with the involvement of surrounding periodontal and periapical tissues. Due to its clinical manifestations similar to common dental issues, such as vertical root fracture, primary endodontic diseases, and periodontal diseases, as well as the low awareness of cemental tear for clinicians, misdiagnosis often occurs. The critical principle for cemental tear treatment is to remove torn fragments, and overlooking fragments leads to futile therapy, which could deteriorate the conditions of the affected teeth. Therefore, accurate diagnosis and subsequent appropriate interventions are vital for managing cemental tear. Novel diagnostic tools, including cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), microscopes, and enamel matrix derivatives, have improved early detection and management, enhancing tooth retention. The implementation of standardized diagnostic criteria and treatment protocols, combined with improved clinical awareness among dental professionals, serves to mitigate risks of diagnostic errors and suboptimal therapeutic interventions. This expert consensus reviewed the epidemiology, pathogenesis, potential predisposing factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of cemental tear, aiming to provide a clinical guideline and facilitate clinicians to have a better understanding of cemental tear.
Humans ; Dental Cementum/injuries* ; Consensus ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Tooth Fractures/therapy*

In recent years, post-stroke depression (PSD) and post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) have gradually attracted the attention of scholars as common stroke-related non-motor symptoms. As an emerging non-invasive neuroimaging tool, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has been widely used in the study of neurological diseases, which can evaluate the functional status and recovery of these patients by monitoring changes in cerebral blood circulation and oxygenation signals; fNIRS is now being increasingly used in PSD and PSCI studies. This review mainly focuses on the research progress of fNIRS in identifying PSD and PSCI, exploring their neural mechanisms, and evaluating treatment effects, as well as advantages, disadvantages and future development prospects of fNIRS in clinical application, so as to provide some references for research on rehabilitation of affective disorders and cognitive disorders in stroke patients.

Objective To analyze the impact of patients ages on propofol dosage in painless gastroscopy.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 158 painless gastroscopy patients from January 2017 to June 2020.They were divided into the young group(18～44 years old,n = 57),the middle-aged group(45～59 years old,n = 51),and the elderly group(≥60 years old,n = 50)based on their age.The anesthesia status and safety of each group were compared.Results The results showed that the dosage of propofol,average total dosage of propofol,MAP,HR,RR,SpO2 levels in the young group were higher than those in the middle-aged and elderly groups when consciousness disappeared,and the middle-aged group was higher than the elderly group;The onset time,anesthesia recovery time,orientation recovery time,and departure time in the young group of patients were shorter than those in the middle-aged and elderly groups,and the middle-aged group was shorter than the elderly group(P<0.05).The incidence of airway obstruction,hypoxemia,mandible support,mask ventilation,adverse cardiovascular events,sedation related adverse events,and incidence of obstructed endoscopy in the elderly group were higher than those in the young and middle-aged groups.The incidence of smooth endoscopy was lower than that in the young and middle-aged groups(P<0.05).Conclusion Aging may increase the dosage of propofol in patients underwent painless gastroscopy under anesthesia,prolong the onset time,anesthesia recovery time,orientation recovery time,and departure time,increase stress reactions and adverse reactions,and strengthen monitoring for elderly patients in clinical practice.

Objective To study the value of ultrasonography combined with serum Gastrin-17 in differenti-al diagnosis of abdominal IgA vasculitis in children.Methods A total of 80 children with IgA vasculitis admit-ted to the hospital from June 2020 to December 2022 were selected,including 45 cases of abdominal IgA vascu-litis(observation group)and 35 cases of other types of IgA vasculitis(without gastrointestinal symptoms,control group).The ultrasonographic characteristics and Gastrin-17 level of abdominal IgA vasculitis were an-alyzed,and the relationship between Gastrin-17 level and purpura symptom score was analyzed.Receiver oper-ating characteristic(ROC)curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of ultrasonography and Gastrin-17 for abdominal IgA vasculitis in children.Results The symptom score of purpura in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.001),while the serum Gastrin-17 level in the obser-vation group was significantly lower than that in the control group.Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum Gastrin-17 level was negatively correlated with purpura symptom score(r=-0.758,P<0.001).Ul-trasound images showed"doughnut"-like changes in the intestinal wall,with different degrees of central-thick-ness thickening and reduced echo,mainly submucosal thickening.ROC curve analysis showed that the cut-off value of serum Gastrin-17 in the diagnosis of abdominal IgA vasculitis in children was 2.91 pmol/L,the area under the curve was 0.787(95%CI:0.685-0.888),the sensitivity and the specificity were 75.56%(34/45)and 74.29%(26/35),respectively.The sensitivity of ultrasound combined with Gastrin-17 in the diagnosis of abdominal IgA vasculitis in children was 97.78%(44/45),the negative prediction rate was 95.65%(22/23),and the accuracy rate was 82.50%(66/80),which was significantly higher than those of single diagnosis(P<0.05).Conclusion Serum Gastrin-17 level is low in children with abdominal IgA vasculitis,and ultrasound imaging shows"doughnut"-like changes in the intestinal wall and thickening of the submucosa.Combined de-tection of the two could effectively differentially diagnose abdominal IgA vasculitis in children.

Promoting wound healing is a common clinical challenge faced by surgeons, with a variety of repair method and materials currently available for clinical use. In recent years, with the continuous development of disciplines such as tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and materials science, research on wound repair materials has progressed rapidly. This article will organize the classification, advantages and disadvantages, and the latest advancements in the preparation processes of wound repair materials. It will also discuss the current challenges faced by wound repair materials and future research directions, with the aim of providing a reference for related studies in wound repair.

Promoting wound healing is a common clinical challenge faced by surgeons, with a variety of repair methods and materials currently available for clinical application. In recent years, with the continuous development of disciplines such as tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and materials science, research on wound repair materials has progressed rapidly. This article will organize the classification, advantages and disadvantages, and the latest advancements in the preparation processes of wound repair materials. Further discussions on the current challenges and future research directions of wound repair materials are aimed to provide references for related wound repair research.

Promoting wound healing is a common clinical challenge faced by surgeons, with a variety of repair method and materials currently available for clinical use. In recent years, with the continuous development of disciplines such as tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and materials science, research on wound repair materials has progressed rapidly. This article will organize the classification, advantages and disadvantages, and the latest advancements in the preparation processes of wound repair materials. It will also discuss the current challenges faced by wound repair materials and future research directions, with the aim of providing a reference for related studies in wound repair.

Promoting wound healing is a common clinical challenge faced by surgeons, with a variety of repair methods and materials currently available for clinical application. In recent years, with the continuous development of disciplines such as tissue engineering, regenerative medicine and materials science, research on wound repair materials has progressed rapidly. This article will organize the classification, advantages and disadvantages, and the latest advancements in the preparation processes of wound repair materials. Further discussions on the current challenges and future research directions of wound repair materials are aimed to provide references for related wound repair research.

White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) were once thought to be a normal aging phenomenon. However, the available evidences suggest that WMHs are an indicator of poor brain and cardiovascular health, indicating an increased risk of ischemic stroke, cognitive impairment, depression, and death. This article reviews the effects and mechanisms of physical activity and exercise on WMHs, so as to provide a basis for better prevention of WMHs.

Objective:To analyze the research hot points and trend of general practice in China.Methods:It was a bibliometric analysis. Research papers presentated on Chinese Society of General Practice from 2014 to 2022 were collected. The distribution and its trend were analysed in terms of titles, submission time, research topics, methods and contents as well as authors′ affilation.Results:A total of 944 research papers were included in the analysis. The results showed a general increasing trend in number of research papers presented on annual conferences from 2014 to 2022 with some fluctuation. The papers covered 28 research dimensions; the highest number of papers was on the development of general practice system, the training and education system for general practitioners, and the construction of information technology (576 papers, 61.0%). The most common topic was on primary health services (230 papers, 24.4%), followed by education and training (225, 23.8%) and chronic disease management (212, 22.5%); while fewer papers were dealing with community-based care (39, 4.1%) and rational medication (7, 0.7%). In terms of the affiliation of the first author, 437 papers (46.3%) were from affiliated hospitals of medical universities/colleges, 223 (23.6%) from community health service institutions, 132 (14.0%) from higher education institutions, 118 (12.5%) from non-affiliated hospitals, and 35 (3.7%) were from administration institutions. In terms of regions, it covered all provinces (municipalities/autonomous regions) (including Hong Kong and Taiwan) with few overseas. Shanghai and Beijing contributed more papers than other regions. In terms of research methodology, most papers used quantitative studies (882, 93.7%), less used qualitative studies (39, 4.1%) or mixed studies (23, 2.4%).Conclusion:The analysis indicates that a wide range of contents are involved in general practice research in China, and more high-quality studies are from medical colleges/universities and their affiliated general hospitals, and most papers use quantitative studies.