OBJECTIVES: To investigate the correlation between bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolic markers in preschool children and the influencing factors for BMD, and to provide a clinical basis for promoting bone health in children. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed for the data of 127 preschool children who underwent physical examination in the Department of Child Health Care of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, from June to December 2024. BMD and bone metabolic markers were measured, and physical examination was performed. A multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the effect of general information on BMD Z-score in preschool children. Spearman's rank correlation test was used to investigate the correlation of BMD Z-score with 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD), serum bone Gla protein (BGP), and parathyroid hormone (PTH). RESULTS: BMD Z-score significantly differed by ethnicity, weight category, and height category (all P<0.05). The multiple linear regression analysis indicated that weight and height significantly influenced BMD Z-score (P<0.05), whereas sex, age, ethnicity, and parental education level did not (P>0.05). In children, BMD Z-score was positively correlated with 25-OHD level (r_s=0.260, P<0.001) and BGP level (r_s=0.075, P=0.025) and was negatively correlated with PTH level (r_s=-0.043, P=0.032). CONCLUSIONS Weight, height, 25-OHD, BGP, and PTH are influencing factors for BMD in preschool children. In clinical practice, combined measurement of bone metabolic markers may provide a scientific basis for early identification of children with abnormal BMD and prevention of osteoporosis and osteomalacia.
Humans ; Bone Density ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Vitamin D/blood* ; Parathyroid Hormone/blood* ; Biomarkers/blood* ; Osteocalcin/blood* ; Bone and Bones/metabolism* ; Calcium-Binding Proteins/blood* ; Linear Models ; Matrix Gla Protein ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins/blood* ; Body Weight ; Infant

The purpose of this article is to systematically review the effectiveness of pivotal response training （PRT） for children with autism spectrum disorder （ASD）， so as to provide evidence-based guidance for the implementation of effective PRT for children with ASD. Randomized controlled trials （RCTs） investigating the effectiveness of PRT for children with ASD were collected， and the methodological quality of the trails was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for risk of bias assessment. A total of 6 RCTs were included in this review. Then the empirical findings including the implementation of PRT and the role of PRT in improving general social skills and verbal communication skills of children with ASD were elaborated. And its limitations and possible future research directions were also summarized. ［Funded by Special Project for Construction of Innovation Environment in Autonomous Region： Construction of Science and Technology Innovation Base （number， PT2306）］

BackgroundThe incidence of autism spectrum disorders （ASD） is showing an upward trend， and the treatment and training process for children with ASD is lengthy， placing a heavy burden on their families. Such fact results in parents being prone to feelings of stigma. However， there exists a lack of research studying on the stigma among parents of children with ASD. ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between stigma and coping styles and social support of parents with ASD， and to provide references for practices of reducing stigma level and taking targeted interventions in this group. MethodsThis study involved parents of children diagnosed with ASD and admitted to the children's health clinic of a tertiary hospital in Urumqi between January 2021 and May 2022. General information questionnaire， Affiliate Stigma Scale （ASS）， Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire （SCSQ） and Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS） were employed to conduct investigation. Pearson correlation analysis was used analyze the correlation between stigma， coping styles and social support. ResultsThe ASS total score of parents of children with ASD was （52.40±11.22）. Correlation analysis results showed that the ASS total score of parents was positively correlated with the score of negative coping dimension in SCSQ （r=0.787， P<0.01）， and negatively correlated with the score of positive coping dimension in SCSQ and SSRS total score （r=-0.565， -0.795， P<0.01）. The result of regression analysis suggested that stigma among parents of children with ASD was affected by coping style and social support （∆R²=0.768， F=114.931， P<0.01）. These two factors could explain 76.80% of the total variance. ConclusionParents of children with ASD have stigma of moderate to high level， and coping styles and social support are two important factors influencing the stigma. ［Funded by Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Science and Technology Program Resource Sharing Platform Construction Project （number， PT2215）］

【Objective:】 To explore the disease communication between cancer children and their parents from the perspective of their parents. 【Methods:】 Using qualitative description method and semi-structured interview, 16 parents from the pediatric oncology department of a tertiary A hospital were collected. Colaizzi 7-step method was used to analyze the interview data and summarize the theme. 【Results:】 Four themes were summarized, including perception of the psychological changes of children after illness, changes in the future planning of children, different attitude towards informing children’s diseases, different opinions on children’s participation in medical decision-making. 【Conclusions:】 The awareness of disease communication and medical decision-making in cancer families is insufficient. It is difficult for parents to communicate actively and effectively with their cancer children, and the children’s families are unable to make clear plans for the children’s future. Therefore, it is necessary to construct a theoretical system of disease communication and medical shared decision-making from the perspective of Chinese familism, and strengthen the promotion of scientific communication methods.

The purpose of this article is to reviews the research done on stigma in family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia， with a view to reducing stigma in the population and providing references for mental health workers to formulate relevant intervention measures. This paper conducted a review on the domestic and foreign literature on stigma in family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia， in which the relevant research progress was elaborated from four aspects： related concepts， assessment tools， influencing factors and intervention measures， and the existing limitations and directions for future research were summarized.

ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the efficacy of psychological intervention on the mental health status of schizophrenia during rehabilitation in China， so as to provide references for the implementation of effective psychological intervention for patients. MethodsCochrane Library， PubMed， Web of Science， Chinese Biomedical Literature Database， CNKI， Wanfang Database and VIP Database were retrieved for the randomized controlled trials （RCTs） related to the psychological intervention for patients with schizophrenia during rehabilitation in China published from the inception to December 2021. After the assessment of risk of bias in literatures included， Meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.4.1 software. ResultsA total of 1 211 subjects in 13 RCTs were enrolled， including 602 cases in the control group and 609 in the intervention group. Meta-analysis denoted that intervention group had lower scores of Symptom Checklist 90 （SCL-90） （WMD=-15.41， 95% CI：-18.67~-12.16， P<0.01）， Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS） （WMD=-9.07， 95% CI：-10.38~-7.77， P<0.01） and Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） （WMD=-7.47， 95% CI：-9.85~-5.10， P<0.01） than those of control group after intervention， and the difference was statistically significant. ConclusionApplication of psychological intervention based on drug therapy has certain efficacy on improving mental health status in patients with schizophrenia during rehabilitation in China.