Objective:To understand the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome in HIV-infected pregnant women and influencing factors in China and provide reference for the improvement of the health status of HIV-infected pregnant women and their newborns.Methods:Based on a mother-child cohort of HIV-infected pregnant women and children (PMTCT-MC-2005) established in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Yunnan Province and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, this study enrolled pregnant women with or without HIV infection as study subjects from January 2017 to June 2023, a total of 1 646 pregnant women (558 HIV-infected and 1 088 HIV-uninfected) were included, and 34 cases with missing data were excluded. The χ2 test was used to analyze the difference in the incidence adverse pregnancy outcome between two groups, and used logistic regression model to identify the influencing factors of adverse pregnancy outcome in HIV-infected pregnant women. Results:A total of 1 612 pregnant women were included in the study, in whom 541 were infected with HIV and 1 071 were not infected with HIV. The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome was 18.8% (303/1 612), the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome was 33.1% (179/541) in the HIV-infected pregnant women and 11.6% (124/1 071) in the pregnant women without HIV infection. The results of multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of adverse pregnancy outcome were age <35 years at delivery (a OR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.43-0.95) compared with the age ≥35 years and the duration of antiviral treatment over 10 years (a OR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.23-0.79) compared with less than one year. Conclusions:The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome in HIV-infected pregnant women was high in some regions of China during 2017-2023. It is necessary for HIV-infected women to get pregnancy at appropriate time based on antiretroviral treatment effect and strengthen self-care to reduce the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome.

Objective:To understand the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome in HIV-infected pregnant women and influencing factors in China and provide reference for the improvement of the health status of HIV-infected pregnant women and their newborns.Methods:Based on a mother-child cohort of HIV-infected pregnant women and children (PMTCT-MC-2005) established in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Yunnan Province and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, this study enrolled pregnant women with or without HIV infection as study subjects from January 2017 to June 2023, a total of 1 646 pregnant women (558 HIV-infected and 1 088 HIV-uninfected) were included, and 34 cases with missing data were excluded. The χ2 test was used to analyze the difference in the incidence adverse pregnancy outcome between two groups, and used logistic regression model to identify the influencing factors of adverse pregnancy outcome in HIV-infected pregnant women. Results:A total of 1 612 pregnant women were included in the study, in whom 541 were infected with HIV and 1 071 were not infected with HIV. The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome was 18.8% (303/1 612), the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome was 33.1% (179/541) in the HIV-infected pregnant women and 11.6% (124/1 071) in the pregnant women without HIV infection. The results of multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of adverse pregnancy outcome were age <35 years at delivery (a OR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.43-0.95) compared with the age ≥35 years and the duration of antiviral treatment over 10 years (a OR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.23-0.79) compared with less than one year. Conclusions:The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome in HIV-infected pregnant women was high in some regions of China during 2017-2023. It is necessary for HIV-infected women to get pregnancy at appropriate time based on antiretroviral treatment effect and strengthen self-care to reduce the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcome.

Objective To explore the key targets and signaling pathways in the therapeutic mechanism of Semiliquidambar cathayensis Chang(SC)root against pancreatic cancer network pharmacology and molecular docking studies and cell experiments.Methods The targets of SC and pancreatic cancer were predicted using the network pharmacological database,the protein-protein interaction network was constructed,and pathways,functional enrichment and molecular docking analyses were performed.CCK-8 assay was used to test the inhibitory effect of the aqueous extract of SC root on 8 cancer cell lines,and its effects on invasion,migration,proliferation,and apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells were evaluated.Western blotting was performed to verify the results of network pharmacology analysis.Results We identified a total of 18 active components in SC,which regulated 21 potential key targets in pancreatic cancer.GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses showed that these targets were involved mainly in the biological processes including protein phosphorylation,signal transduction,and apoptosis and participated in cancer signaling and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways.Among the 8 cancer cell lines,The aqueous extract of SC root produced the most obvious inhibitory effect in pancreatic cancer cells,and significantly inhibited the invasion,migration,and proliferation and promoted apoptosis of pancreatic cancer Panc-1 cells(P<0.05).Western blotting confirmed that SC significantly inhibited the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT in Panc-1 cells(P<0.001).Conclusion The therapeutic effect of SC root against pancreatic cancer effects is mediated by its multiple components that act on different targets and pathways including the PI3K-Akt pathway.

Objective To explore the key targets and signaling pathways in the therapeutic mechanism of Semiliquidambar cathayensis Chang(SC)root against pancreatic cancer network pharmacology and molecular docking studies and cell experiments.Methods The targets of SC and pancreatic cancer were predicted using the network pharmacological database,the protein-protein interaction network was constructed,and pathways,functional enrichment and molecular docking analyses were performed.CCK-8 assay was used to test the inhibitory effect of the aqueous extract of SC root on 8 cancer cell lines,and its effects on invasion,migration,proliferation,and apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells were evaluated.Western blotting was performed to verify the results of network pharmacology analysis.Results We identified a total of 18 active components in SC,which regulated 21 potential key targets in pancreatic cancer.GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses showed that these targets were involved mainly in the biological processes including protein phosphorylation,signal transduction,and apoptosis and participated in cancer signaling and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways.Among the 8 cancer cell lines,The aqueous extract of SC root produced the most obvious inhibitory effect in pancreatic cancer cells,and significantly inhibited the invasion,migration,and proliferation and promoted apoptosis of pancreatic cancer Panc-1 cells(P<0.05).Western blotting confirmed that SC significantly inhibited the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT in Panc-1 cells(P<0.001).Conclusion The therapeutic effect of SC root against pancreatic cancer effects is mediated by its multiple components that act on different targets and pathways including the PI3K-Akt pathway.

Objective To establish a conventional intraocular lens (IOL) calculation formula which is applicable to eyeballs with abnormal data and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) postoperative eyes.Methods A case-series study was adopted.According to the classical optical theory,a normal IOL implanted eye has the following characteristics:when light is refracted by cornea and arrives on the IOL plane,the value of refractive power (F1) + IOL refractive power (F2) =the value of refractive power which is suitable for vitreous body depth (F3).Thereafter,a mathematical model was built on the basis of theory,experience,and regression analysis data after IOL implantation surgeries.Furthermore,based on the new LASIK postoperative cornea curvature modified formula,the two kinds of IOL calculation programs of conventional and LASIK postoperative eyes were established.The test data was collected from 644 patients who had undergone the cataract extractions and IOL implantation surgeries (600 physiological cornea eyes,7 radial keratotomy [RK] eyes and 37 LASIK postoperative eyes) at the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School.Through the analysis of these data,the new formulas were examined.Results With IOL refractive power of 607 eyes (including 7 RK postoperative eyes),the average error of XLQ formula (the tentative name of the established formula in this study)was 0.1 D,and the 95％ limits of agreement range was-1.1 to + 1.2 D.The error range of IOL refractive power predicted by XLQ,SRK-T and Haigis formulas was-2.21 to +2.25 D,-5.10 to +5.63 D and-3.00 to +3.18 D,respectively,the absolute average error of IOL refractive power predicted by the three formulas was (0.43 ± 0.28),(0.74 ± 0.53) and (0.79 ± 0.49) D,respectively.Compared with SRK-T and Haigis formulas,the average error of IOL refractive power predicted by XLQ formula was Lower,with significant differences between them (both at P =0.000).The error value of IOL refractive power predicted by XLQ formula had no statistical correlations with axial length (AL),keratometry (K) and A constant respectively (all at P＞0.05),while the error value predicted by SRK-T and Haigis formulas had statistical correlations with AL,K and A constant,respectively (all at P＜0.05).Thirty-seven patients who had conducted LASIK for myopia (and whose IOL refractive power value were predicted by XLQ formula) had been undergone the postoperative examination.Comparing the predicted and actual value,the error range of IOL refractive power was-0.52 to +1.18 D,and the absolute average error was (0.49±0.26)D.Conclusions The conventional mode of the XLQ formula established in this study can be used in the cases with broad values of axial length,corneal curvature and A constant,as well as various types of physiological cornea and RK postoperative eyes;the dedicated mode is suitable for LASIK postoperative eyes of myopia.

Objective To explore the effective nursing and long-term safety training mode, early intervention on safety awareness of junior nurses, regulate the safety behavior, ensure patient safety. Methods The ideas and methods of HSE management system (health, safety and environment trinity management system) were introduced, from training needs research, safety courses design, safety behavior training, training process management,safety knowledge clinical application and training quality control implementation of systematic management.From 2013 to 2014 low seniority nurses safety training for 2 years, including new hospital nurse per year.Taking the self contrast before and after experimental design, safety knowledge to master the situation, the nurse's satisfaction and quality of care and safety management before and after training were compared. Results The actual class qualified rate and safety knowledge awareness and the excellent and good rate of safety skills assessment after training were 80.10%(157/196), 92.34%(181/196),96.43%(189/196), which were higher than those of 65.30%(128/196), 81.63%(160/196), 88.78%(174/196) before training, and the differences were statistically significant, χ2=10.81,9.94,7.07,P<0.01. The overall satisfaction of the nurses for safety training was 92.35%(181/196)after training, which was higher than that of 80.61%(158/196)before training, the difference was statistically significant, χ2=16.37, P < 0.01.The qualified rate of nursing quality for the critically ill patients after training was 90.13%(210/233), which was higher than that of 81.48%(176/216) before training, the difference was statistically significant, χ2= 6.94, P < 0.01. The patient safety and quality, the quality of nursing records were 95.81%(206/215), 95.29%(688/722) after training, respectively, which were higher than those of 89.60%(181/202), 85.10%(577/678) before training, the differences were significant, χ2=5.98,4.17, P<0.05. Conclusions Improved safety training is normative, practicability and maneuverability, safety behavior norms, improve the risk identification and emergency handling ability, reduce nursing risk, close to the clinical need for safety management, safety training for nurses to provide the basis for sustainable development.

Drug-induced gynecomastia with the benign enlargement of male breast glandular tissue was reported to cause an imbalance between estrogen and androgen action then lead to an increased estrogen to androgen ratio by drugs.Drugs are estimated to cause about 10％ ～ 25％ of all cases of gynecomastia.Some commonly used drugs, such as spironolactone, ketoconazole, imatinib, bicalutamide, finasteride,cimetidine can cause gynecomastia.Clinical manifestations of drug-induced gynecomastia cause breast pain,tenderness or galactorrhea.Estradiol and estriol increased, while luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone decreased in the laboratory tests.In the patients with druginduced gynecomastia the causative medications should be withdrawn;if gynecomastia persists, the patients can be treated with tamoxifen.Surgery can be performed if treatment with tamoxifen was not effective or the clinical manifestations persist for one year.

Drug-induced gynecomastia with the benign enlargement of male breast glandular tissue was reported to cause an imbalance between estrogen and androgen action then lead to an increased estrogen to androgen ratio by drugs.Drugs are estimated to cause about 10％ ～ 25％ of all cases of gynecomastia.Some commonly used drugs, such as spironolactone, ketoconazole, imatinib, bicalutamide, finasteride,cimetidine can cause gynecomastia.Clinical manifestations of drug-induced gynecomastia cause breast pain,tenderness or galactorrhea.Estradiol and estriol increased, while luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone decreased in the laboratory tests.In the patients with druginduced gynecomastia the causative medications should be withdrawn;if gynecomastia persists, the patients can be treated with tamoxifen.Surgery can be performed if treatment with tamoxifen was not effective or the clinical manifestations persist for one year.

Objective To determine the relationship between serum testosterone level and lean body mass, body fat content, and bone mineral density (BMD) . Methods The study involved 185 healthy females in Changsha, aged 45 ～81. Fasting serum testosterone was measured by radioimmu-noassay. Hologic QDR 4500A fan beam X-ray bone densitometer was used to measure the BMD of anteroposterior lumber (AP, L_(1～4)) and total hip, to measure the bone mineral content, BMD, body fat content and muscle tissue weight of head, trunk, ribs, pelvis, spine, upper limbs, lower limbs and the total body. Body weight, lean body mass and body fat percentage were calculated. SPSS 11.0 software was used to conduct regression analysis. Results (1) Serum testosterone showed no correlation with lean body mass, body fat content, and body fat percentage. (2) Serum testosterone was positively related with the BMD of lumbar spine and hip, but showed no correlation with the BMD after adjustment of age and years since postmenopause. (3) Lean body mass showed significant positive correlation with the BMD of different sites. Total body fat content showed positive correlation with the BMD of total hip, while body fat percentage showed negative correlation with the BMD of the whole body. Conclusion Keeping lean body mass benefits postmenopausal women to maintain bone mineral content, and taking androgen should still be cautious.