OBJECTIVE To establish a quality control method for Jinbei oral liquid based on multi-wavelength switching high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） fingerprint， chemical pattern recognition and multi-index content determination. METHODS A total of 15 batches of Jinbei oral liquid were used as test samples. The Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicine （ Version 2012 ） was adopted to establish multi-wavelength switching HPLC fingerprints， followed by chromatographic peak identification and similarity evaluation. Cluster analysis， principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis were applied to conduct chemical pattern recognition on the 15 batches of samples. The multi-wavelength switching HPLC method was used to simultaneously determine the contents of neochlorogenic acid， chlorogenic acid， cryptochlorogenic acid， forsythoside A， baicalin， salvianoli c acid B and wogonoside in samples. RESULTS A total of 25 common peaks were calibrated in the fingerprints of 15 batches of Jinbei oral liquid， among which 7 common peaks were unambiguously identified. The similarity of all samples was higher than 0.960. Chemical pattern recognition results showed that samples S1-S8 were clustered into group 1， and samples S9-S15 were clustered into group 2. Baicalin， wogonoside， neochlorogenic acid， chlorogenic acid and salvianolic acid B were identified as the differential quality markers. The average contents of neochlorogenic acid， chlorogenic acid， cryptochlorogenic acid， forsythoside A， baicalin， salvianolic acid B and wogonoside in 15 batches of Jinbei oral liquid were 0.213 7， 0.085 3， 0.104 9， 0.287 3， 0.420 1， 0.062 1， 0.176 0 mg/mL， respectively. CONCLUSIONS The established quality control method for Jinbei oral liquid combining multi-wavelength switching HPLC fingerprint， chemical pattern recognition and multi-index content determination is stable and reliable， which can provide a reference for the formulation of quality standards of this preparation.

OBJECTIVE To establish a quality control method for Jinbei oral liquid based on multi-wavelength switching high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） fingerprint， chemical pattern recognition and multi-index content determination. METHODS A total of 15 batches of Jinbei oral liquid were used as test samples. The Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicine （ Version 2012 ） was adopted to establish multi-wavelength switching HPLC fingerprints， followed by chromatographic peak identification and similarity evaluation. Cluster analysis， principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis were applied to conduct chemical pattern recognition on the 15 batches of samples. The multi-wavelength switching HPLC method was used to simultaneously determine the contents of neochlorogenic acid， chlorogenic acid， cryptochlorogenic acid， forsythoside A， baicalin， salvianoli c acid B and wogonoside in samples. RESULTS A total of 25 common peaks were calibrated in the fingerprints of 15 batches of Jinbei oral liquid， among which 7 common peaks were unambiguously identified. The similarity of all samples was higher than 0.960. Chemical pattern recognition results showed that samples S1-S8 were clustered into group 1， and samples S9-S15 were clustered into group 2. Baicalin， wogonoside， neochlorogenic acid， chlorogenic acid and salvianolic acid B were identified as the differential quality markers. The average contents of neochlorogenic acid， chlorogenic acid， cryptochlorogenic acid， forsythoside A， baicalin， salvianolic acid B and wogonoside in 15 batches of Jinbei oral liquid were 0.213 7， 0.085 3， 0.104 9， 0.287 3， 0.420 1， 0.062 1， 0.176 0 mg/mL， respectively. CONCLUSIONS The established quality control method for Jinbei oral liquid combining multi-wavelength switching HPLC fingerprint， chemical pattern recognition and multi-index content determination is stable and reliable， which can provide a reference for the formulation of quality standards of this preparation.

Objective:To investigate the clinical phenotype and genetic characteristics of a family with Dentinogenesis imperfecta type Ⅰ(DGI-Ⅰ).Methods:Clinical data were collected from a patient with DGI-Ⅰ admitted to the Reproductive Medicine Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University in March 2024. Clinical and familial data were retrospectively collected. Peripheral blood samples (5 mL each) were obtained from the proband and her family members for genomic DNA extraction, followed by whole-exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing validation. The pathogenicity of the detected variants was assessed according to the Classification Standards and Guidelines for Genetic Variants formulated by the American Society of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) (hereinafter referred to as the " ACMG Guidelines" ). The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University (Ethics No. 2024-08-C012), and written informed consent for clinical research were obtained from all participants.Results:The proband, a 35-year-old female, presented with translucent yellow primary teeth and progressive browning, darkening, and loss of permanent teeth, without skeletal abnormalities. Affected family members exhibited similar phenotypes. Genetic testing revealed a heterozygous COL1A2 variant (c.1503+ 1G>A) in the patient and other members, while unaffected family all members lacked this variant. Based on the ACMG Guidelines, this variant was classified as likely pathogenic(PM4 + PP1_Strong + PM2_Supporting). Conclusion:The COL1A2 c. 1503+ 1G>A heterozygous variant is the disease-causing mutation in this family. Above finding has expanded the mutational spectrum of the COL1A2 gene and provided a basis for genetic counseling and diagnosis in similar cases.

Objective To investigate the effect of methane-rich saline on rat acne and its mechanism.Methods Totally 60 SD rats were randomly assigned to 4 groups(n=15):normal group,acne model group,tretinoin treatment group,or methane-rich saline treatment group.Acne models were established by applying oleic acid once a day and injecting Propionibacterium acnes every other day.No treatment was applied to the normal and acne model groups.The tretinoin treatment group received topical application of tretinoin cream on the affected areas,while the methane-rich saline treatment group was administered with methane-rich saline via oral gavage.Wet/dry weight ratio and histological staining were used to detect the rat ear edema and morphological changes.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling(TUNEL)was used to detect apoptosis,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to detect the expression of inflammatory factors(interleukin[IL]-6,IL-8,tumor necrosis factor α[TNF-α],and IL-37),and Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression of superoxide dismutase(SOD),nuclear factor κB(NF-κB),and cysteine aspartic acid specific protease 3(caspase 3).Results After the treatment with methane-rich saline,the edema and acne were alleviated in rat ears.There were significant improvements in glandular hyperplasia,inflammatory cell infiltration,vascular dilation,hair follicle enlargement,and keratinization for the rats in the methane-rich treatment group.The effect of methane-rich saline was similar to that of tretinoin.The treatment of methane-rich saline could significantly reduce the expression of inflammatory factors such as IL-6,IL-8,and TNF-α,while could significantly increase the expression of anti-inflammatory factor IL-37 and the rate of apoptosis(all P＜0.01).In addition,methane-rich saline treatment could upregulate the expression of SOD,caspase 3,and cleaved caspase 3,while could reduce the expression of NF-κB(all P＜0.01).Conclusion The administration of methane-rich saline has a good therapeutic effect on rat acne,and it may be related to its anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,and pro-apoptotic activities.

Objectives:To evaluate the treatment effectiveness on Cobb angle systematically of observation,bracing,specific exercise therapy(Schroth,SEAS,etc),traditional Chinese medicine therapy,rehabilitation tech-niques,and general exercise therapy in patients with mild to moderate adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS).Methods:A systematic search of Pubmed,The Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of Science,CNKI,WanFang,and VIP databases was performed for studies related to conservative treatment methods for adolescent scoliosis patients from the time of their inceptions to October 2023.After 2 investigators independently screened the literature,extracted the information,and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies,reticulated meta-analysis was performed using Stata 14.0 software.Results:A total of 16 studies,including 923 patients,were included.Meta-analysis showed that the surface under the cumulative ranking curve of AIS conservative treat-ment on patients'Cobb angle was,in descending order,as follows:Schroth+Myofascial chain rehabilitation technique＞Schroth+Cheneau brace＞Core stability training+Electro-acupuncture and chiropractic＞Schroth+Myofas-cial chain manipulation＞Schroth+Different sitting position horse riding training＞Schroth+"Segmental"spinal manipulation＞Schroth+"Five-line Du-unblocking"acupuncture＞Schroth+Pingle bone-setting manipulation＞Schroth+Suspension training＞Core stability training＞"Three-step Seven-method"massage＞"Five-line Du-un-blocking"acupuncture＞Schroth＞Active self-correction＞Observation only＞Schroth home therapy+Three-dimen-sional plane massage＞Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation＞Schroth home therapy.Conclusions:Schroth combined with myofascial chain rehabilitation technique is the most effective in the conservative treatment modalities of mild to moderate AIS.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome(PRRS),an infectious disease,poses a significant threat to the swine industry.The causative agent of the disease is porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus(PRRSV),which primarily infects porcine alveolar macrophages and destroys the immune system.In the absence of specific antiviral drugs targeting PRRSV,vacci-nation is of paramount importance for the prevention and control of this disease.Currently,there are numerous types of PRRS vaccines,such as attenuated live vaccines,inactivated vaccines,sub-unit vaccines,DNA vaccines,vector vaccines,and so forth.However,only attenuated live virus and inactivated virus vaccines are widely employed for the prevention and control of PRRS.Live vac-cines offer relatively better protection effects,but they have weak cross-protection and pose safety concerns.Inactivated vaccines are safe but have poor immunogenicity.This article conducts a com-prehensive review of the advantages,disadvantages,and applicability of PRRS vaccines,including attenuated live vaccines,inactivated vaccines,subunit vaccines,vector vaccines,DNA vaccines,mR-NA vaccines,virus-like particle vaccines,etc.,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the research and development of the next generation of PRRS vaccines.

Objectives:To evaluate the treatment effectiveness on Cobb angle systematically of observation,bracing,specific exercise therapy(Schroth,SEAS,etc),traditional Chinese medicine therapy,rehabilitation tech-niques,and general exercise therapy in patients with mild to moderate adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS).Methods:A systematic search of Pubmed,The Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of Science,CNKI,WanFang,and VIP databases was performed for studies related to conservative treatment methods for adolescent scoliosis patients from the time of their inceptions to October 2023.After 2 investigators independently screened the literature,extracted the information,and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies,reticulated meta-analysis was performed using Stata 14.0 software.Results:A total of 16 studies,including 923 patients,were included.Meta-analysis showed that the surface under the cumulative ranking curve of AIS conservative treat-ment on patients'Cobb angle was,in descending order,as follows:Schroth+Myofascial chain rehabilitation technique＞Schroth+Cheneau brace＞Core stability training+Electro-acupuncture and chiropractic＞Schroth+Myofas-cial chain manipulation＞Schroth+Different sitting position horse riding training＞Schroth+"Segmental"spinal manipulation＞Schroth+"Five-line Du-unblocking"acupuncture＞Schroth+Pingle bone-setting manipulation＞Schroth+Suspension training＞Core stability training＞"Three-step Seven-method"massage＞"Five-line Du-un-blocking"acupuncture＞Schroth＞Active self-correction＞Observation only＞Schroth home therapy+Three-dimen-sional plane massage＞Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation＞Schroth home therapy.Conclusions:Schroth combined with myofascial chain rehabilitation technique is the most effective in the conservative treatment modalities of mild to moderate AIS.

Objective:To investigate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and 24-h urinary calcium excretion (24-h UCaE) and hypercalciuria in Chinese adults.Methods:This cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2022 to March 2023 in nine cities in China and included 1 239 residents. Demographic characteristics were collected through questionnaires and physical examinations, fasting blood samples were assessed for bone metabolism indicators, and 24-h urine samples were used to determine the 24-h UCaE. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between serum 25(OH)D and 24-h UCaE and bone metabolism indexes. The relationship between serum 25(OH)D and hypercalciuria was analyzed using a multiple logistic regression model combined with restricted cubic spline modeling.Results:The mean participant age was (47.9±18.1) years, of which 453 (36.6%) were male. The percentages of vitamin D sufficiency, insufficiency, and deficiency were 7.6% (94/1 239), 29.0% (359/1 239), and 63.4% (786/1 239), respectively. The multiple linear regression model showed that after adjusting for the covariates the 24-h UCaE gradually increased with higher levels of 25(OH)D ( P overall <0.001, P nonlinear <0.001). The logistic regression analysis revealed that compared with the vitamin D deficient group, the OR for the prevalence of hypercalciuria in the vitamin D sufficient and vitamin D insufficient groups were 3.290 (95% CI 1.745 to 6.202) and 3.742 (95% CI 2.458 to 5.697), respectively. The results of the restricted cubic spline modeling showed a positive nonlinear relationship between 25(OH)D and the prevalence of hypercalciuria ( P overall <0.001, P nonlinear <0.001). The prevalence of hypercalciuria increased when 25(OH)D was >17.00 μg/L and peaked at 26.71 μg/L, after which there was a decreasing trend in the prevalence of hypercalciuria with increasing 25(OH)D. Conclusion:Associations between serum 25(OH)D levels and urinary calcium excretion and the prevalence of hypercalciuria were observed in the Chinese adult population.

Objective To explore the influencing factors of immune-associated thyroid dysfunction caused by sintilimab treatment in solid tumors and construct a prediction model.Methods Medical records of patients diagnosed with solid tumors and treated with sintilimab at Peking University People's Hospital(Xizhimen Campus,Tongzhou Campus,Shijiazhuang Campus)from January 2023 to September 2024 were collected to explore the influencing factors that caused immune-related thyroid dysfunction using univariate and multifactorial binary logistic regression analyses and to establish a prediction model.The predictive effect of the model was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results A total of 120 patients were included,and 33 presented with immune-related thyroid dysfunction.Multifactorial logistic regression analysis revealed that thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)[OR=2.470,95%CI=(1.279,4.771)]and treatment cycles[OR=1.298,95%CI=(1.117,1.509)]were independent risk factors for the occurrence of immune-associated thyroid dysfunction,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The area under the ROC curve was(0.897±0.043)[95%CI=(0.813,0.981)],the Yoden index was 0.703,and the model prediction accuracy was 86.5%.Conclusion The risk of immune-related thyroid dysfunction caused by sintilimab is high,and TSH and treatment cycle are the influencing factors,and the constructed model has certain predictive value and is of reference significance.

Objective: To examine the mediating effect of frailty on social isolation and cognitive function among the elderly. Methods: Demographic information, smoking, alcohol consumption and cognitive function of the elderly at ages of 60 years and older were collected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2020. Social isolation and frailty were evaluated using social isolation index and frailty index, respectively. The mediating effect of frailty on social isolation and cognitive function was analyzed using the Process program, and the significance of the mediating role was tested using the Bootstrap test. Results: A total of 2 822 individuals were enrolled, including 1 483 males (52.55%) and 1 339 females (47.45%). There were 2 497 (88.48%) and 325 (11.52%) individuals at ages of 60-<75 years and ≥75 years, respectively. The median cognitive function score was 14 (interquartile range, 16) points. There were 432 cases with social isolation (15.31%), with a median social isolation index of 10 (interquartile range, 5) points. The median frailty index was 0.11 (interquartile range, 0.15). There were 1 111 individuals without frailty, accounting for 39.37%; 1 214 individuals with pre-frailty, accounting for 43.02%; and 497 individuals with frailty, accounting for 17.61%. Mediating effect analysis showed that social isolation affected cognitive function directly and negatively with the effect value of -0.773 (95%CI: -0.899 to -0.647), and also affected cognitive function by frailty indirectly and negatively with the effect value of -0.147 (95%CI: -0.188 to -0.110), with the mediating effect contributed 15.98% of the total effect. Conclusion Frailty can directly or indirectly affect cognitive function among elderly through social isolation.