Objective:To analyze antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) of interferon (IFN)-α2b and IFN-λ1 on Hep2 cells and human airway epithelial (HAE) cells.Methods:IFN-α2b or IFN-λ1 was incubated with Hep2 cells after RSV infection, and 48 hours later, the cytopathic effect was observed, the viral load was determined using real time/reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT qPCR), RSV F protein expression was detected using immunofluorescence, and cell survival rate was detected using crystal violet. HAE cells were incubated with IFN-α2b or IFN-λ1 for 24 hours, and then HAE were challenged with RSV. The viral load in the culture supernatant was determined on days 1-7 using RT qPCR, RSV F protein was determined with immunofluorescence and the viral titers in the culture supernatant was detected on day 7 by plaque assay.Results:In Hep2 cells, the CPE of the treatment groups (IFN-α2b and IFN-λ1) was alleviated compared to the virus control group, and the CPE of the high concentration group was lighter than that of the low concentration group. Different concentrations of IFN-α2b and IFN-λ1 could significantly reduce the viral load of RSV ( P<0.001), and the viral load of the high concentration group was significantly lower than that of the low concentration group ( P<0.001). In addition, IFN-α2b and IFN-λ1 could reduce the RSV F protein expression after RSV infection and improve cell survival rate. In HAE cells, IFN-α2b and IFN-λ1 could inhibit RSV virus replication, reduce virus titers ( P<0.001) and reduce RSV F protein expression. Conclusions:IFN-α2b and IFN-λ1 both showed great antiviral activity against RSV in Hep2 and HAE cells, providing data reference for the study of interferon against respiratory viruses.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the post-marketing safety of Compound porcine cerebroside and ganglioside injection in patients with ischemic stroke. METHODS A drug-induced， prospective， non-controlled clinical study design was conducted. Using the patients with ischemic stroke who received Compound porcine cerebroside and ganglioside injection at least once in 46 secondary class A and above medical institutions across the country from April 2020 to May 2021 as the monitoring objects， and their basic data， medication information and the occurrence of adverse drug reactions were analyzed. RESULTS Among 13 514 patients with ischemic stroke， the incidence of adverse events was 10.01%， and the incidence of adverse reactions related to Compound porcine cerebroside and ganglioside injection was 0.33%. Drug-related adverse drug reactions were mild or moderate， concentrated in the gastrointestinal system （18 cases）， skin and subcutaneous tissue （10 cases）， nervous system （7 cases） and other systems/organs， mainly including constipation， abdominal pain， diarrhea， rash， pruritus， dizziness and other symptoms. Most of the patients （91.03%） recovered or improved after treatment， and 2 patients died. Among the 45 patients with adverse drug reactions， 84.44% were cured or improved after drug withdrawal or symptomatic treatment， and 15.56% had no significant change. The incidence of adverse drug reactions in tertiary hospitals was significantly higher than that in secondary hospitals， and the incidence of adverse drug reactions in patients with allergic history was significantly higher than that in patients without allergic history （P＜0.05）. Irrational drug use was found in 2.76% of patients， and the incidence of adverse drug reactions（2.95%） was significantly higher than that in patients without irrational drug use（0.26%，P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The adverse drug reaction symptoms of ischemic stroke patients treated with Compound porcine cerebroside and ganglioside injection are relatively common， the incidence rate is generally low， and it is related to the patients’ physique and whether the drug use is standardized.

Objective:To isolate and culture WU polyomavirus (WUPyV), and to analyze the genome-wide evolutionary patterns, homology and population dynamics.Methods:Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the nasopharyngeal aspirate samples of hospitalized children with respiratory tract infection in Beijing Friendship Hospital during 2020 to 2022. Primary human airway epithelial cells cultured at the air-liquid interface were used to isolate and culture WUPyV. Whole genome sequence of the isolated strain was obtained by Sanger sequencing. For phylogenetic and evolutionary dynamics analysis, the whole genome was compared with the published whole genome sequences in GenBank database.Results:The detection rate of WUPyV was 4.7% (31/659) during 2020 to 2022, and a clinical strain BJ0593 of WUPyV type Ⅲc was successfully isolated. The homology of the whole genome and gene fragments of WUPyV was high. The average evolutionary rate of VP2 gene was about 1.256×10 -4 substitution/site every year, and the population dynamics of WUPyV tended to be flat in the last decade. Conclusions:This study successfully isolated a clinical WUPyV type Ⅲ strain for the first time, which provided the basis for further investigation on the molecular evolution and pathogenicity of WUPyV.

Objective:To analyze the change trend of survival rate after hip fragility fracture in Tianjin Hospital from 2015 to 2021, and the influence of gender, marital status, age and number of complications on survival rate.Methods:From January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2021, a total of 12,570 patients with fragility fracture of hip were retrieved, including 3,934 males and 8,636 females. The age at admission was 74.11±9.50 years and 74.62±8.99 years respectively. By comparing the ID number with the Tianjin population information database, 2,054 cases died, including 804 males and 1,250 females, aged 81.34±7.88 years and 81.92±7.42 years respectively at the time of death. Acquire the patient's survival status, calculate the cumulative survival rate at 3 month intervals, study the change rule of the cumulative survival rate over time, and use Kaplan-Meier method to calculate the cumulative survival rate of the whole population and the impact of gender, marital status, age, and number of complications on the survival rate.Results:The median survival time of all the dead people after fracture was 13(3, 31) months, including 11(2, 27) months for males and 15(4, 32) months for females. Joinpoint regression showed that 9 months after the hip fragility fracture was the break point of the survival rate. The mortality rate changed significantly within 9 months after fracture (the annual change rate was 47%), and slowed down 9 months later (the annual change rate was 1%). There was a statistically significant difference in trend detection before and after the break point ( P<0.05). The age at admission was 80.11±7.71 years for the dead and 73.36±9.01 years for the non dead, with a statistically significant difference ( t=31.80, P<0.001). After normalization, the number of complications was 0.20±0.93 among the dead and 0.00±0.87 among the non dead, with a statistically significant difference ( t=88.81, P<0.001). The survival rate of men after hip fracture is lower than that of women, the number of people without spouse is lower than that of people with spouse, the number of people with more than 70 years old is lower than that of people with less than 70 years old, and the number of complications ≥2 people is lower than that of people with less than 1 complication, all of which are statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The survival rate within 9 months after the occurrence of hip fragility fracture decreased significantly, and it needs to be tracked and managed for at least 9 months to effectively reduce the risk of death; Male, no spouse, age>70 years old, number of complications ≥2 will increase the risk of death after hip fragility fracture, leading to reduced survival rate of patients.

Objective:To analyze the influencing factors of perioperative nosocomial infection in elderly patients with hip fracture under the background of enhance recovery after surgery so as to provide guidance for prevention and control of the nosocomial infection.Methods:The clinical data were collected from 1 628 elderly patients with hip fracture who were hospitalized from January 2018 to August 2019,during the implementation of enhance recovery after surgery in Tianjin hospital. Medical records of the patients were reviewed and statistically analyzed through hospital medical record system, the incidence of perioperative nosocomial infection and the influencing factors for the infection were observed.Results:Of the 1 628 hospitalized patients with hip fracture, 102 had nosocomial infection, 125 case-times, with the infection rate 6.27%(102/1 628) and the case-times infection rate 7.68%(125/1 628). Lower respiratory tract, urinary tract and surgical site were the dominant infection sites, accounting for 72.80% (91/125), 11.20% (14/125) and 10.40% (13/125) respectively. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that bone traction( OR value was 2.152, 95% CI 1.130-4.097), surgery ( OR value was 0.268, 95% CI 0.133-0.537), hospitalization days≥15 d( OR value was 12.123, 95% CI 6.017-24.426), indwelling urinary catheter ( OR value was 7.566, 95% CI 4.093-13.986), cardiac insufficiency( OR value was 2.112, 95% CI 1.192-3.740), electrolyte disturbance( OR value was 2.383, 95% CI 1.396-4.067), lower extremity arteriosclerosis obliterans( OR value was 2.540, 95% CI 1.279-5.045) and senile dementia( OR value was 3.673, 95% CI 1.670-8.082) were the influencing factors for the perioperative nosocomial infection. Conclusions:The main influencing factors of nosocomial infection in elderly patients with hip fracture during the perioperative period were bone traction, operation, length of stay, indwelling urinary catheter and coexisting diseases. The risk of nosocomial infection can be reduced by applying the concept of enhance recovery after surgery in clinical orthopedics, comprehensively optimizing perioperative management and implementing effective prevention and control measures of nosocomial infection.

Objective:To compare the effects between video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and conventional surgery in internal fixation of multiple rib fractures.Methods:Patients with multiple rib fractures, who were admitted to Emergency Center of Shenzhen People's Hospital from June 2010 to May 2020, were included. Patients were divided into the VATS group (incision positioning with VATS) and the conventional group (incisionpositioning with CT scan). The primary outcome measures was the risk of complications, and the secondary outcome measures included postoperative pain, incision length, operation time, and mechanical ventilation rate. Continuous and categorical variables were compared using LSD- t test and Chi-square test. Repeated measures analysis of variance was performed to assess the trend of postoperative pain over time. A logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association of VATS with postoperative complications. Results:A total of 221 patients, including 128 patients in the VATS group and 93 patitents in the conventional group, were enrolled. Baseline characteristics were identical between the two groups ( P>0.05). In the VATS group, the length of incision, intraoperative blood loss, operation time, mechanical ventilation rate after operation, ventilation time, thoracic tube indwelling time, ICU and total length of stay, and medical costs were better than those in the conventional group (all P<0.05). Repeated measures analysis of variance showed that pain relief was faster and more profoundly in the VATS group than in the conventional group ( F=3 517.808, P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis indicated that VATS was an independent protective factor for reducing postoperative complications ( OR=0.225, 95% CI:0.121-0.416, P<0.01). Conclusions:During internal fixation of multiple rib fractures, VATS is an effective approach to reduce postoperative pain and complications. Moreover, video-assisted technique is associated with a rapid recovery for patients, resulting in shorter length of hospital stay and less medical costs.

The characteristics of the elderly patients with fragility fracture were analyzed, the concept of orthogeriatrics care was expounded, and the research progress of the care mode of the elderly patients with fragility fracture were summarized, so as to provide reference for the clinical practice of the elderly orthopedic department and the training of specialized nurses in China.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of three laboratory routine disinfection methods on influenza virus inactivation.Methods:The physical method of ultraviolet irradiation and two chemical methods of ethanol and "84 disinfectant" were used to inactivate the influenza virus respectively. After disinfecting the virus samples at different times or concentrations, MDCK cells were inoculated and the inactivation effect of influenza virus was identified by observing cytopathic effect (CPE).Results:When the influenza virus was irradiated by ultraviolet light for ≥1 min, treated with 75% ethanol for 0.25-32 min, the effective chlorine concentration of "84 disinfectant" was ≥400 mg/L, and the influenza virus was disinfected at room temperature for ≥1 min, no virus infectivity could be detected under the three conditions.Conclusions:The condition of inactivating influenza virus by routine disinfection methods in laboratory was explored, which provided reference data for establishing the protection specifications and the emergency treatment plans for influenza virus laboratories.

The differentiation and maturation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) is essential for myelination and remyelination in the CNS. The failure of OPCs to achieve terminal differentiation in demyelinating lesions often results in unsuccessful remyelination in a variety of human demyelinating diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling OPC differentiation under pathological conditions remain largely unknown. Myt1L (myelin transcription factor 1-like), mainly expressed in neurons, has been associated with intellectual disability, schizophrenia, and depression. In the present study, we found that Myt1L was expressed in oligodendrocyte lineage cells during myelination and remyelination. The expression level of Myt1L in neuron/glia antigen 2-positive (NG2) OPCs was significantly higher than that in mature CC1 oligodendrocytes. In primary cultured OPCs, overexpression of Myt1L promoted, while knockdown inhibited OPC differentiation. Moreover, Myt1L was potently involved in promoting remyelination after lysolecithin-induced demyelination in vivo. ChIP assays showed that Myt1L bound to the promoter of Olig1 and transcriptionally regulated Olig1 expression. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that Myt1L is an essential regulator of OPC differentiation, thereby supporting Myt1L as a potential therapeutic target for demyelinating diseases.
Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; physiology ; Demyelinating Diseases ; chemically induced ; Lysophosphatidylcholines ; toxicity ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; metabolism ; Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Oligodendroglia ; cytology ; metabolism ; Remyelination ; physiology ; Transcription Factors ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the expression of TAZ in peripheral blood and tumor tissue of the patients with colorectal cancer and to analyze their relationship and clinical significance.Methods Eighty-five cases of pathologically verified colorectal cancer treated by radical operation were selected as the operation group,and 35 cases with postoperative relapse served as the recurrent group.Meanwhile 50 age and sex-matched healthy persons were selected as the control group.The immunohistochemical(SP)technique was adopted to detect the expression of TAZ in tumor tissues and expression of TAZ in peripheral blood was tested with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Results The level of preoperative TAZ in peripheral blood of the operation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P＜0.05).The level of peripheral blood TAZ after operation in the operation group had no significant change compared with the control group (P＞0.05).The level of peripheral blood TAZ in the recurrent group was significantly higher than preoperative level of operation group(P＜0.05).The expression of tumor tissue TAZ was significantly higher than that of normal mucosal tissue(P＜0.05);the expression of tumor tissue TAZ in the recurrent group was higher than that in the operation group(P＜0.05).The tumor tissue TAZ level in the operation group and recurrent group had obvious correlation with peripheral blood TAZ level(P＜0.05).Conclusion Monitoring the TAZ level has obvious reference value for predicting colorectal cancer staging and timely understanding tumor recurrence.