OBJECTIVE To provide reference for the rational use of antiemetic drugs in tumor chemotherapy patients. METHODS The data of tumor patients who were given antiemetic drugs were collected from 9 departments of our hospital with hospital information system from Oct. 1st to Nov. 30th in 2022， such as oncology department， radiotherapy department， gynecology department， and gastroenterology department. The application of chemotherapy drugs and the use of antiemetic drugs were analyzed statistically， and the irrational use of antiemetic drugs was analyzed. RESULTS A total of 520 patients were included， involving 248 （47.69%） using chemotherapy drugs with a moderate emetogenic risk level and 135 （25.96%） with a high emetogenic risk level. A total of 461 cases （73.06%） of 5-hydroxytryptamine 3-receptor antagonists were used， including palonosetron in 333 cases， ondansetron in 106 cases， tropisetron in 15 cases and granisetron in 7 cases， and only 148 cases of patients were prioritized for the use of nationally procured medicines and national essential medicines （32.10%）. Neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists were used in 170 cases （26.94%）， including fosaprepitant in 112 cases and aprepitant in 58 cases. The use of antiemetic drugs was unreasonable in 162 patients （31.15%）； among the types of irrational drugs， the antiemetic regimen was unreasonable in the largest number of cases （22.40%）， followed by the irrational pharmacoeconomics （19.13%）. CONCLUSIONS The emetogenic risk levels of chemotherapy drugs used for tumor patients in our hospital are primarily moderate to high， and there is irrational use of antiemetic regimen and pharmacoeconomics. Clinicians， nurses， pharmacists and hospital departments should collaborate as multiple teams to strengthen full supervision of the standardization of antiemetic drugs， reasonably select antiemetic drugs based on emetogenicity rating， and improve the compliance of doctors with the guidelines to ensure the safety， effectiveness， and cost-effective of patient medication.

OBJECTIVE：To study the imp rovement effects of β-boswellic acid on hippocampal neurons cells injury of rats induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation. METHODS ：The hippocampal neurons cell of rats were divided into normal control group ， model group and β-boswellic acid low-concentration ，medium-concentration and high-concentration groups （1，10，100 μmol/L）. Except for normal control group ，other groups were cultured with relevant medium and given oxygen glucose deprivation to induce oxygen-glucose deprivation induced injury model. MTT assay was adopted to detect cell viability. Chemical colorimetry was used to detect LDH activity in cell culture supernatant. Hoechst-PI staining was used to detect the morphology change of cells. Flow cytometry was used to detect early apoptosis rate of cells. The expression of apoptosis-related protein （Bcl-2，Bax and cleaved caspase-3） were detected by Western blot. RESULTS ：Compared with model group ，the survival rate of cells and protein expression of Bcl- 2 were increased significantly in β-boswellic acid medium-concentration and high-concentration groups （P＜ 0.01），while LDH activity ，early apoptosis rate ，protein expression of cleaved caspase- 3 and Bax were all decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The densely stained nuclei and fragmentation decreased significantly. CONCLUSIONS ：β-boswellic acid can relieve oxygen-glucose deprivation induced injury of hippocampal neurons cells ，the mechanism of which may be associated with down-regulating the protein expression of cleaved caspase- 3 and Bax and up-regulating the protein expression of Bcl- 2.

OBJECTIVE： To promote rational use of proton pump inhibitors （PPIs） during perioperative period. METHODS： PDCA （Plan， Do， Check， Action） cycle management was used， the irrational use of PPIs of 300 medical records in neurosurgery department of our hospital were collected. The reasons were analyzed， management target was formulated and measures were implemented. The effects of management were evaluated through comparing the rate of irrational drug use and ratio of irrational type of PPIs in 300 medical records of neurosurgery department during perioperative period after management. RESULTS： Through collecting related data to confirm risk factors of stress ulcer， establishing rationality evaluation criteria for perioperative prophylactic use of PPIs， conducting rational drug use training among medical staff， drawing up various management systems and strengthening supervision and management， the rate of irrational use of PPIs was decreased significantly in our hospital； the number of irrational drug use cases decreased from 240 before management to 156 after management， among which the rate of prophylactic drug use without indication decreased from 37.33％ to 29.00％ （P＜0.05）； the irrational dosage rate decreased from 11.33％ to 6.33％ （P＜0.05）； the rate of irrational dosing frequency dropped from 12.67％ to 5.00％ （P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS： PDCA cycle management of our hospital can standardize the prophylactic use of PPIs in neurosurgery department during perioperative period and promote rational use of PPIs.

OBJECTIVE： To study the effects and mechanism of Le’ermai capsule on oxidative stress injury in the cerebral cortex of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury rats. METHODS： Totally 65 rats were randomly divided into sham operation group （normal saline）， model group （normal saline）， positive control group （Naoxintong capsule， 3.40 g/kg）， Le’ermai capsule high-dose and low-dose groups （0.37， 0.18 g/kg）， with 13 rats in each group. Except that sham operation group received sham operation， and middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion （MCAO/R） model was induced by suture-occluded method. 24 h after modeling， they were given relevant medicine intragastrically， once a day， for consecutive 7 d. 2 h after last administration， cerebral ischemic area was determined by TTC staining. The pathological changes of cerebral tissue were observed by HE staining. The protein expressions of HO-1， SOD1， SOD2 and Nrf2 in cerebral cortex were detected by Western blot assay. RESULTS： Compared with sham operation group， the area of cerebral ischemic was increased significantly in model group（P＜0.05）， interstitial edema was serious， inflammatory cell infiltration increased significantly； and the protein expression levels of HO-1 and SOD1 in cortex tissue were significantly increased （P＜0.05）， and the protein expression levels of SOD2 and Nrf2 were significantly decreased （P＜0.05）. Compared with model group， the area of cerebral ischemic area of Le’ermai capsule high-dose and low-dose groups were significantly decreased （P＜0.05）. The interstitial edema， inflammatory cell infiltration and microcytes proliferation were decreased. The protein expression levels of HO-1， SOD1， SOD2 and Nrf2 in the cerebral cortex tissue were significantly increased （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS：Le’ermai capsule can improve cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury to certain extent， and which may be associated with up-regulating the protein expression of antioxidant factors HO-1， SOD1， SOD2 and Nrf2 in the cortex.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of emodin (EM) in renal interstitial fibrosis of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice.Methods Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups,including sham operation group (n=8),UUO operation group (n=8),UUO operation+losartan (LST) group (n=8) and UUO operation+EM group (n=8).The mice in each group were ingested the suspensions by gavage for 14 days after surgery.Mice in UUO+LST and UUO+ EM groups were given 10 mg· kg-1· d-1 LST and 20 mg· kg-1 · d-1 EM,respectively.LST and EM were mixed with 0.5％ sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.Mice in sham group and UUO group were given 0.5％ sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.The mice were sacrificed at the 14th day.Interstitial fibrosis was observed by HE,Masson and PAS stain.Real-time PCR was used to detect LC3,Beclin-1 and mTOR mRNA.Protein expressions of TGF-β1,α-SMA,E-cadherin,LC3,Beclin-1,PI3K,p-Akt and mTOR were detected by Western blotting.The autophagy was observed with transmission electron microscopy in the renal tissue.Results Compared with sham mice,UUO mice at the 14th day displayed obvious renal fibrosis.Meanwhile,UUO mice had increased expressions of TGF-β1 and α-SMA (all P ＜ 0.01),and decreased expressions of E-cadherin (P ＜ 0.01).Their renal expressions of PI3K,p-Akt and mTOR were also raised (all P ＜ 0.01).Compared with those in UUO group,in UUO+LST group and UUO+EM group,expressions of autophagy protein LC3 and Beclin-1 were increased (all P ＜ 0.01),and the number of autophagic was increased.Additionally,expressions of TGF-β1 and α-SMA were reduced in UUO+LST group and UUO+EM group (all P ＜ 0.01),while the expression of E-cadherin was increased by emodin treatment (P＜ 0.05).And expressions of PI3K,p-Akt and mTOR were decreased in UUO + LST group and UUO + EM group (all P ＜ 0.05),meanwhile renal tissue fibrosis significantly reduced.Conclusions Emodin can promote autophagy,ameliorate renal interstitial fibrosis and protect renal function through PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of Salvia miltiorrhiza-volatile oil of Dalbergia odorifera on blood lipid and blood coagulation system in coronary heart disease myocardial ischemia miniature swine with blood stasis syndrome. METHODS:A total of 18 swine were randomly divided into sham operation group (routine feed),model group (routine feed) and S.miltiorrhiza-volatile oil of D. odorifera group(1 g/kg S. miltiorrhiza+0.1 mL/kg oil of D. odorifera,mixing administration),for consecutive 8 weeks. At 4th week,coronary heart disease myocardial ischemia model of blood stasis syndrome was established by Ameriod coarctation ring implantation in other 2 groups except for sham operation group. At 8th week,the syndrome of the model was observed according to coronary angiography and the macroscopic indications. At 2th,6th,8th week,intravenous blood was collected to test the serum levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,HDL-C,apolipoprotein A1(apoA1),apoB,PT,APTT,TT and FIB in miniature swine. RESULTS:At 6th,8th week,compared with sham operation group,serum levels of TC,TG,LDL-C,apoB and FIB were increased in model group,while PT,APTT and TT were shortened and the levels of HDL-C and apoA1 were decreased,with statistical significance(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with model group,the serum levels of TC,TG,LDL-C and apoB were decreased in S. miltiorrhiza-volatile oil of D. odorifera group,while PT,APTT and TT were prolonged and the levels of HDL-C and apoA1 were increased, with statistical significance (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The S.miltiorrhiza-volatile oil of D. odorifera could reduce blood lipid and improve blood coagulation system index disorder in coronary heart disease myocardial ischemia miniature swine with blood stasis syndrome.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate clinical efficacy and safety of linezolid in the treatment of intracranial infection after neurosurgery operation. METHODS:Medical information of 39 intracranial infection patients receiving linezolid in Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University during Jul. 1st,2015-Aug. 29th,2016 were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical efficacy andsafety of linezolid in the treatment of intracranial infection after neurosurgery operation were evaluated according to indexes of intracranial infection patient,such as symptoms,signs,lab indexes test and bacterial culture results. RESULTS:Total response rate of 39 intracranial infection patients after neurosurgery operation was 79.49％ after linezolid treatment. After treatment,the patients' body temperature,white blood cell,neutrophil absolute value,white blood cell in cerebrospinal fluid and cerebrospinal fluid protein level were all significantly lower than before treatment,with statistical significance(P<0.05). Of 39 patients,cerebrospinal fluid of 27 patients were cultured before treatment,and 8 cases(29.6％)of which were positive,among which there were 6 cases (75.0％) of Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus and Enterococcus. No obvious ADR related to linezolid was found in patients. CONCLUSIONS:Linezolid can effectively control the intracranial infection caused by Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus and Enterococcus with good safety.

Objective:To establish the quality standard for Bidouyan granule .Methods: Scutellariae radix and Magnoloae flos were identified by TLC.The content of baicalin was determined by HPLC with a Kromasi 1 C18 column (250 mm ×4.6 mm,5 μm). The mobile phase consisted of methanol-water-phosphoric acid (45:55:0.2) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml· min-1, and the injection volume was 10μl.The detection wavelength was 280 nm and the column temperature was 30℃.Results:The spots in TLC were clear without any interference.The linear range of baicalin was 10.06 μg· ml-1-100.60 μg· ml-1 (r =1.0000).The average recovery was 96.3％,and RSD was 0.7％(n=6).Conclusion:The method is simple and specific with good repeatability , which can be used for the quality control of Bidouyan granule .

Objective:To investigate the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)in gynecological patients in a hospital and analyze the use rationality of PPIs for the prevention of stress ulcer so as to provide reference for the clinical application of PPIs. Methods:To-tally 1000 patients' medical records admitted to the gynecological department for the first time from January 1st to December 31st in 2016 were randomly selected to conduct a retrospective analysis,and the rationality of PPIs was evaluated. Results:The preventive use rate of PPIs was 90.72%(880/970). Among the 880 patients, 28.18%(248/880) of the patients were without indications for the preventive medication,95.68%(842/880) of the patients were with wrong administration time, and 91.46%(578/632) of the pa-tients were with wrong usage and dosage. Conclusion:When PPIs are used for the prevention of SU in gynecological surgery,irrational use such as without indications, unsuitable variety selection and wrong usage and dosage still exists. It is suggested that regulators should strengthen technical and administrative interventions and establish standard for the rational use of PPIs in hospitals so as to avoid the excessive use of PPIs and improve the situation of inappropriate application.

The whole process of consultation practice of clinical pharmacist for one case of pseudomonas aeruginosa intracranial in-fection was introduced and the role of clinical pharmacist in the anti-infective treatment was discussed. The three consultation recom-mendations of clinical pharmacist were accepted by doctors,and the patient's intracranial infection was effectively controlled and the pa-tient discharged soon. Pharmacists can help doctors develop anti-infective drug program through pharmacy thinking,horizontal thinking and risk thinking to guarantee the safety and effectiveness of patients' medication.