Objective:To evaluate the accuracy and safety profile of a novel cuboid orientation-guided frontal horn ventriculostomy technique in patients with large hemispheric infarction (LHI).Methods:It was conducted a retrospective cohort study of 48 consecutive LHI patients who underwent the innovative ventriculostomy procedure between time period. Primary outcomes included procedural accuracy (success rates, catheter positioning) and safety indicators (complication rates).Results:All the punctured ventricles were small or of normal size. The success rate of puncture was 100%, the success rate of one-time puncture was 87% (42/48), and the average number of puncture was 1.13 times per case. The ratio of well-positioned tube heads was 87.5% (42/48). The actual angle of the inward deviation of the puncture ranged from -2o to 5o, with an average of 0o±0.3o. The depth of puncture was 7.0-8.0 cm ( 7.3±0.3) cm. The incidence of bleeding around the puncture path was 1.3% (2/48 ) and no massive bleeding occurred. At the 6-month follow-up, one case (2.94%) among the 34 survivors had epilepsy.Conclusions:The cuboid orientation-guided frontal horn ventriculostomy technique demonstrates exceptional procedural accuracy and an excellent safety profile in LHI patients, with high first-pass success rates (87.5%) and minimal complications (4.2% minor hemorrhage). These findings support its clinical adoption for this patient population.

Objective:To explore the effect and safety of stereotactic aspiration of necrotic brain tissue for the patients≥61 years with malignant middle cerebral artery infarction (MMI).Methods:A total of 102 MMI patients aged≥61 years were enrolled retrospectively. All patients were subject to conservative medical treatment alone or in addition to stereotactic aspiration of necrotic brain tissue 24-72 hours after symptom onset. Perioperative outcomes and 6-month follow-up outcomes were observed and evaluated.Results:Baseline data characteristics were well balanced between the conservative treat group and aspiration group, except for the prevalence of hypertension. The incidence of early cerebral herniation (9.1% vs. 48.3%, χ2=17.843, P<0.001) and death (13.6% vs. 60.3%, χ2=22.707, P<0.001)in the aspiration group was significantly lower than that in the conservative group, and there was no significant difference in the incidence of cerebral hemorrhage ( P=0.726) and intracranial infection ( P=0.186) between the groups. At 6-month follow-up, compared with the conservative treatment group, the aspiration group had a higher proportion of favorable outcome (mRS 0-3) (38.6% vs. 3.4%, χ2 =20.438, P<0.001) and survival without severe disability (mRS 0-4) (68.2% vs. 22.4%, χ2=21.492, P<0.001). Comparison of clinical characteristics of favorable outcome (mRS 0-3) group and unfavorable (mRS 4-6) group showed that the proportion of patients treated with aspiration was significantly higher than that treated with medical therapy alone (89.5% vs. 10.5%, P<0.001). Multivariate logisitic regression used to adjust the confound factors such as atrial fibrillation, diabetes and smoking, the GCS and the NIHSS score of 24 hours after onset, etc, revealed that the treatment with aspiration was an independent association factor for the ratio of 6-month favorable outcome for the elderly patients with MMI ( OR=126.704, 95% CI: 7.236-2218.610, P<0.001). Conclusions:The stereotactic aspiration of necrotic brain tissue are effective and safe for the elderly patients with MMI.

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) is an acquired immune system existing in archaea and bacteria with the long-term process of evolutionary.CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system is a new type of gene editing technology developed based on the system.CRISPR/Cas9 is a more efficient method for gene targeting than the previous methods.It has been successfully applied for gene-modified of eukaryotes since 2012,but the reports about pathogenic microorgaisms are rarely.Here,the research progress in the structure,mechanism of CRISPR/Cas9 system and its applications on pathogenic microorgaisms is reviewed.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the effects of prophylactic application of 3 different antibiotics on prognosis in patients underwent breast lesion resection. METHODS:1 066 patients with breast lasion resection from 12 hospitals of Shaanxi province were divided into trial group(360 cases),control group A(352 cases)and control group B(354 cases)according to random num-ber table. Trial group was given first generation cephalosporin cefazolin;control group A was given second generation cephalospo-rin cefuroxime;control group B was given third generation cephalosporin cefoperazone sodium and tazobactam sodium. The dosage regimens of 3 groups were as follows:relevant drug 2 g added into 0.9%Sodium chloride injection 100 ml,ivgtt,0.5 h before sur-gery,medication course≤24 h after surgery in trial group. Those indexes of 3 groups were observed,such as post-operative ADR, incision healing,infection,hospitalization duration,phamaceutical costs per capita. RESULTS:There was no statistical signifi-cance in the rate of incision healing and the rate of post-operative infection among 3 groups(P>0.05). The incidence of post-opera-tive ADR,hospitalization duration and phamaceutical costs per capita in observation group were significantly lower or shorter than in control group A and B,with statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Cefazolin is better than cefuroxime and cefo-perazone sodium and tazobactam sodium to reduce the postoperative adverse reaction,antibiotics cost per capita and hospital drug cost per capita,shorten the hospitalization duration.

OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to clarify whether the fusion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with tumor cells can promote tumor angiogensis.

METHODSHuman glioma stem/progenitor cells (GSPCs) (SU3 cells) were transfected with red fluorescent protein (RFP) gene. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were harvested from nude mice with whole-body green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene expression. Then the two kinds of cells were co-cultured in vitro. At the same time SU3-RFP was transplanted into the brain of GFP-expressing nude mice to establish xenograft tumors. The co-cultured cells, GFP/RFP double positive (yellow) cells and blood vessels obtained from the xenograft tumors were observed under fluorescent microscope and laser scanning confocal microscope.

RESULTSAfter five passages in vitro, MSCs maintained the proliferative activity and highly expressed CD105. CD105 was also expressed in the femurs of GFP-expressing nude mice, tumor cells, blood vessels of SU3 xenograft tumors, and clinical malignant gliomas. When MSCs were co-cultured with SU3-RFP, the ratio of yellow cells co-expressing RFP and GFP was significantly increased after extended time and continuous passages. According to the flow cytometry, yellow cells co-expressing RFP and GFP were 83.7% of the cultured cells. In tissue slices of the xenograft tumors, bundles of yellow vessel-like structure and cross-sectioned yellow vascular wall structures including vascular wall stroma cells were observed with RFP and GFP expression, and were identified as de novo formed vessels derived from fusion of MSCs with SU3-RFP cells.

CONCLUSIONCell fusion occurs between tumor cells and host MSCs and it promotes tumor angiogenesis.

Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; physiology ; Cell Communication ; Cell Fusion ; Cells, Cultured ; Glioma ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; Humans ; Luminescent Proteins ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Microscopy, Fluorescence ; Neoplasms ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Stem Cells ; Transfection ; Transplantation, Heterologous

Objective To investigate the effect of acarbose on waist circumference (WC) in patients with IGR. Methods A total of 46 subjects with IGT (2 hPG>7.8 mmol/L) were selected in this study. All the subjects were given diet and exercise treatment for half a month and then treated with acarbose for 3 months in combination with life style modification. Self-paired method was adopted to compare islet βcell function and WC before and after the treatment. Results After acarbose treatment for 3 months ,islet βcell function were markedly improved. Insulin secretion of Fins and 2 hIns decreased ,early insulin secretion index (ΔI30/ΔG30 ) significantly increased ,and BMI and WC were reduced significantly (P<0.05) . Multiple regression analysis showed that there was correlation between WC and TG ,insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and islet β-cell function index (HOMA-β) (P< 0.05). Conclusion Acarbose in combination with life style modification can improve islet β-cell function in patients with IGR and reduce WC and abdominal fat accumulation as well.

Objective The aim of this study was to clarify whether the fusion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ( MSCs) with tumor cells can promote tumor angiogensis.Methods Human glioma stem/progenitor cells (GSPCs) (SU3 cells) were transfected with red fluorescent protein (RFP) gene.Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ( MSCs) were harvested from nude mice with whole-body green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene expression.Then the two kinds of cells were co-cultured in vitro.At the same time SU3-RFP was transplanted into the brain of GFP-expressing nude mice to establish xenograft tumors.The co-cultured cells, GFP/RFP double positive ( yellow ) cells and blood vessels obtained from the xenograft tumors were observed under fluorescent microscope and laser scanning confocal microscope.Results After five passages in vitro, MSCs maintained the proliferative activity and highly expressed CD105.CD105 was also expressed in the femurs of GFP-expressing nude mice, tumor cells, blood vessels of SU3 xenograft tumors, and clinical malignant gliomas.When MSCs were co -cultured with SU3-RFP, the ratio of yellow cells co-expressing RFP and GFP was significantly increased after extended time and continuous passages. According to the flow cytometry, yellow cells co-expressing RFP and GFP were 83.7%of the cultured cells. In tissue slices of the xenograft tumors, bundles of yellow vessel-like structure and cross-sectioned yellow vascular wall structures including vascular wall stroma cells were observed with RFP and GFP expression, and were identified as de novo formed vessels derived from fusion of MSCs with SU3-RFP cells.Conclu sion Cell fusion occurs between tumor cells and host MSCs and it promotes tumor angiogenesis.

Ionizing radiation can directly attack biological macromolecules including DNA, protein and lipids. Radiation can also damage cells indirectly by the formation of lots of free radicals through the radiolysis of surrounding water molecules. As the result, ion-izing radiation may make serious injury in human immune system, reproductive system and nervous system. Several synthetic radiopro-tectors have been used in clinic. However, most of them have some undesirable side effects. Hence, natural radioprotectors with high efficiency and low toxicity have been the focus of radioprotection field in recent years. In the paper, the recent research progress in the protection and repair effects of polysaccharides on radiation damage was reviewed.

Objective:To study the effects and mechanisms of acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid ( AKBA) in myocardial ischemic model induced by isoproterenol hydrochloride ( ISO) in rats. Methods:The SD rats were randomly divided into the sham group, model group, AKBA low dose group and AKBA high dose group. Myocardial injury model was induced by subcutaneous injection of ISO (100 mg·kg-1 ) . The change of ST segment in ECG was observed. Creatine kinase ( CK-MB) , cardiac troponin I ( cTnI) , lactate dehydro-genase( LDH) , malondialdehyde( MDA) and superoxide dismutase( SOD) in the blood were detected by ELISA. The change of histo-logical tissue was determined by HE staining, and cell apoptosis was analyzed by TUNEL assay. Results: Serum CK-MB, cTnI and LDH were decreased significantly in AKBA high dose group when compared with those in the model group. Compared with that in the model group, MDA content was lowered and the SOD activity was increased in AKBA high dose group. Furthermore, AKBA high dose group improved the pathologic changes of myocardium. TUNEL assay revealed significant reduction of cardiomyocytes apoptosis in the hearts of the ischemic rats in AKBA high dose group. Conclusion:AKBA has excellent cardioprotective effect on myocardial ischemic induced by ISO and protection of myocardial cells from injury.

Objective The aim of this study was to clarify whether the fusion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ( MSCs) with tumor cells can promote tumor angiogensis.Methods Human glioma stem/progenitor cells (GSPCs) (SU3 cells) were transfected with red fluorescent protein (RFP) gene.Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ( MSCs) were harvested from nude mice with whole-body green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene expression.Then the two kinds of cells were co-cultured in vitro.At the same time SU3-RFP was transplanted into the brain of GFP-expressing nude mice to establish xenograft tumors.The co-cultured cells, GFP/RFP double positive ( yellow ) cells and blood vessels obtained from the xenograft tumors were observed under fluorescent microscope and laser scanning confocal microscope.Results After five passages in vitro, MSCs maintained the proliferative activity and highly expressed CD105.CD105 was also expressed in the femurs of GFP-expressing nude mice, tumor cells, blood vessels of SU3 xenograft tumors, and clinical malignant gliomas.When MSCs were co -cultured with SU3-RFP, the ratio of yellow cells co-expressing RFP and GFP was significantly increased after extended time and continuous passages. According to the flow cytometry, yellow cells co-expressing RFP and GFP were 83.7%of the cultured cells. In tissue slices of the xenograft tumors, bundles of yellow vessel-like structure and cross-sectioned yellow vascular wall structures including vascular wall stroma cells were observed with RFP and GFP expression, and were identified as de novo formed vessels derived from fusion of MSCs with SU3-RFP cells.Conclu sion Cell fusion occurs between tumor cells and host MSCs and it promotes tumor angiogenesis.