AIM: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of different Conbercept treatment on diabetic macular edema(DME)with 3+PRN and 5+PRN.METHODS: Retrospective case-control study. A total of 51 patients(92 eyes)with DME who were treated in our hospital during December 2019 and June 2020 were included, and they were divided into 3+PRN group with 26 cases(48 eyes)and 5+PRN group with 25 cases(44 eyes). All patients received monthly follow-up for 12mo and the changes of best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and central macular thickness(CMT), the number of intravitreal injections and the occurrence of complications were compared and observed in the two groups.RESULTS:After follow-up for 12mo, there was no difference in the average injection times between the 3+PRN group and the 5+PRN group(7.24±0.91 times vs. 7.56±1.04 times, P=0.117). The BCVA and CMT of the two groups improved at 3, 6, 9, and 12mo after treatment compared with those before treatment(all P<0.05), and the BCVA and CMT of the 5+PRN group were better than those of the 3+PRN group at 6, 9, and 12mo after treatment(all P<0.05). During the follow-up period, no serious adverse events occurred in the two groups of patients, and the total incidence of ocular adverse events in the two groups was 27%. All adverse events were improved after symptomatic treatment.CONCLUSION: Both the 3+PRN and 5+PRN treatment strategy of Conbercept can treat DME safely and effectively, the total times of injection were comparable. However, the BCVA and CMT improved more in the 5+PRN group than that in 3+PRN group.

Objective To develop two multi-dimensional value evaluation index systems for intraocular lens(IOL)to assist decision makers in selecting appropriate IOLs.Methods IOL value assessment indexes were determined preliminarily through literature research and expert consultation,and the weights of the indexes were calculated through hierarchical analysis method and then ranked to form two evaluation index systems.Results Two multi-dimensional value evaluation index systems were constructed for monofocal and refractive IOLs respectively,which both contained 3 first-level indicators and 13 second-level indicators;the evaluation index system for monofocal IOL involved in 26 third-level indicators,and the other for refractive IOL had 33 third-level indicators.The three first-level indicators of the two systems were ranked by weight as clinical dimension,economic dimension and institutional dimension.The monofocal IOL evaluation index system had product performance being the second-level indicator with the highest weight,and the top three third-level indicators with the highest weights being lens capsule biocompatibility,risk of intraocular lens damage during implantation and range of applicable populations;the refractive IOL evaluation index system had clinical efficacy(vision)being the second-level indicator with the highest weight,and the top three third-level indicators with the highest weights being distant vision,(astigmatism)rotational stability/postoperative axial rotation and near vision.Conclusion The multi-dimensional value evaluation index systems developed provide references for comprehensive value evaluation of IOLs.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2023,44(11):83-89]

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of ROBO3 in pediatric AML patients and explore its function on cell proliferation and apoptosis. METHODS: The expression of ROBO3 in pediatric AML patients at different treatment stage was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The relationship between the expression of ROBO3 and clinic pathological characteristics in newly diagnosed pediatric AML patients was analyzed. Moreover, the effects of ROBO3 on the proliferation and apoptosis of AML cell lines HL-60 and THP-1 were estimated by using CCK-8 and flow cytometry after transfection with ROBO3 siRNA. RESULTS: It was found that ROBO3 expression was significantly increased in most of newly diagnosed pediatric AML patients, especially in non-M3 subtype, younger patients (<10 years old), and high risk group, compared to corresponding controls. Furthermore, the expression level of ROBO3 was sharply decreased in patients who achieved complete remission. Targeting ROBO3 significantly inhibited AML cell proliferation, as well as increased apoptosis by ROBO3 siRNA transfection in vitro. CONCLUSION ROBO3 is differentially expressed within distinct subtypes of the pediatric AML patients, which suggested that ROBO3 may be a potential biomarker and a new therapeutic target for pediatric AML.
Apoptosis ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Child ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics* ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; Sincalide

Objective: To analyze the clinical epidemiological characteristics including composition of pathogens , clinical characteristics, and disease prognosis acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) in Chinese children. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical and laboratory data of 1 610 children <15 years of age with ABM in 33 tertiary hospitals in China from January 2019 to December 2020. Patients were divided into different groups according to age,<28 days group, 28 days to <3 months group, 3 months to <1 year group, 1-<5 years of age group, 5-<15 years of age group; etiology confirmed group and clinically diagnosed group according to etiology diagnosis. Non-numeric variables were analyzed with the Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test, while non-normal distrituction numeric variables were compared with nonparametric test. Results: Among 1 610 children with ABM, 955 were male and 650 were female (5 cases were not provided with gender information), and the age of onset was 1.5 (0.5, 5.5) months. There were 588 cases age from <28 days, 462 cases age from 28 days to <3 months, 302 cases age from 3 months to <1 year of age group, 156 cases in the 1-<5 years of age and 101 cases in the 5-<15 years of age. The detection rates were 38.8% (95/245) and 31.5% (70/222) of Escherichia coli and 27.8% (68/245) and 35.1% (78/222) of Streptococcus agalactiae in infants younger than 28 days of age and 28 days to 3 months of age; the detection rates of Streptococcus pneumonia, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus agalactiae were 34.3% (61/178), 14.0% (25/178) and 13.5% (24/178) in the 3 months of age to <1 year of age group; the dominant pathogens were Streptococcus pneumoniae and the detection rate were 67.9% (74/109) and 44.4% (16/36) in the 1-<5 years of age and 5-<15 years of age . There were 9.7% (19/195) strains of Escherichia coli producing ultra-broad-spectrum β-lactamases. The positive rates of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture and blood culture were 32.2% (515/1 598) and 25.0% (400/1 598), while 38.2% (126/330)and 25.3% (21/83) in CSF metagenomics next generation sequencing and Streptococcus pneumoniae antigen detection. There were 4.3% (32/790) cases of which CSF white blood cell counts were normal in etiology confirmed group. Among 1 610 children with ABM, main intracranial imaging complications were subdural effusion and (or) empyema in 349 cases (21.7%), hydrocephalus in 233 cases (14.5%), brain abscess in 178 cases (11.1%), and other cerebrovascular diseases, including encephalomalacia, cerebral infarction, and encephalatrophy, in 174 cases (10.8%). Among the 166 cases (10.3%) with unfavorable outcome, 32 cases (2.0%) died among whom 24 cases died before 1 year of age, and 37 cases (2.3%) had recurrence among whom 25 cases had recurrence within 3 weeks. The incidences of subdural effusion and (or) empyema, brain abscess and ependymitis in the etiology confirmed group were significantly higher than those in the clinically diagnosed group (26.2% (207/790) vs. 17.3% (142/820), 13.0% (103/790) vs. 9.1% (75/820), 4.6% (36/790) vs. 2.7% (22/820), χ²=18.71, 6.20, 4.07, all P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the unfavorable outcomes, mortility, and recurrence between these 2 groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions: The onset age of ABM in children is usually within 1 year of age, especially <3 months. The common pathogens in infants <3 months of age are Escherichia coli and Streptococcus agalactiae, and the dominant pathogen in infant ≥3 months is Streptococcus pneumoniae. Subdural effusion and (or) empyema and hydrocephalus are common complications. ABM should not be excluded even if CSF white blood cell counts is within normal range. Standardized bacteriological examination should be paid more attention to increase the pathogenic detection rate. Non-culture CSF detection methods may facilitate the pathogenic diagnosis.
Adolescent ; Brain Abscess ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Escherichia coli ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Meningitis, Bacterial/epidemiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; Streptococcus agalactiae ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; Subdural Effusion ; beta-Lactamases

Objective: To observe the effects of acupoint thread-embedding therapy and low-carbohydrate diet therapy on obese patients with food addiction. Methods: Sixty-five eligible patients were randomized into a thread-embedding group of 33 cases and a diet group of 32 cases to respectively receive 12-week treatment. Before treatment, after treatment and at 6-month follow-up, the two groups were observed and compared in terms of body mass (BM), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), body mass index (BMI), body fat rate (BFR), basal metabolic rate (BMR) and Yale food addiction scale version 2.0 (YFAS 2.0). Results: At the end of treatment, there were no significant differences in the general efficacy, and the improvements in BM, BMI, WC, HC, WHR and BFR between the thread-embedding group and diet group (all P>0.05). At follow-up, the thread-embedding group showed more significant improvements in all the aforementioned indicators compared with the diet group except HC (all P<0.05). At the end of treatment and follow-up, BMR and YFSA 2.0 had more significant improvements in the thread-embedding group than in the diet group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Acupoint thread-embedding therapy can produce significant efficacy in treating obese patients with food addiction; it can improve the food addiction state and work better in maintaining the efficacy compared with low-carbohydrate diet therapy.

BACKGROUND: Shenyankangfu Tablet (SYKFT) is a Chinese patent medicine that has been used widely to decrease proteinuria and the progression of chronic kidney disease. OBJECTIVE: This trial compared the efficacy and safety of SYKFT, for the control of proteinuria in primary glomerulonephritis patients, against the standard drug, losartan potassium. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTION: This was a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Primary glomerulonephritis patients, aged 18-70 years, with blood pressure ≤ 140/90 mmHg, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 45 mL/min per 1.73 m MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was change in the 24-hour proteinuria level, after 48 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: A total of 735 participants were enrolled. The percent decline of urine protein quantification in the SYKFT group after 48 weeks was 8.78% ± 2.56% (P = 0.006) more than that in the losartan 50 mg group, which was 0.51% ± 2.54% (P = 1.000) less than that in the losartan 100 mg group. Compared with the losartan potassium 50 mg group, the SYKFT plus losartan potassium 50 mg group had a 13.39% ± 2.49% (P < 0.001) greater reduction in urine protein level. Compared with the losartan potassium 100 mg group, the SYKFT plus losartan potassium 100 mg group had a 9.77% ± 2.52% (P = 0.001) greater reduction in urine protein. With a superiority threshold of 15%, neither was statistically significant. eGFR, serum creatinine and serum albumin from the baseline did not change statistically significant. The average change in TCM syndrome score between the patients who took SYKFT (-3.00 [-6.00, -2.00]) and who did not take SYKFT (-2.00 [-5.00, 0]) was statistically significant (P = 0.003). No obvious adverse reactions were observed in any group. CONCLUSION: SYKFT decreased the proteinuria and improved the TCM syndrome scores of primary glomerulonephritis patients, with no change in the rate of decrease in the eGFR. SYKFT plus losartan potassium therapy decreased proteinuria more than losartan potassium therapy alone. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02063100 on ClinicalTrials.gov.

In recent years, the phenomenon of glass transition has been gradually applied to the field of pharmaceutics. And it exhibits important influences on multiple operating units of pharmaceutical preparations, and the properties and storage of pharmaceutical intermediates and products. At present, it has been widely used in the process of preparations such as drying, granulation, coating, tableting, holt-melt extrusion, cryogenic comminution, and so on. Meanwhile, it showed guiding significance for the process of preparation intermediates and their products, such as solid dispersion, microcapsule, liposome, particle, tablet, and other preparation intermediates and their products. Therefore, this article conducts a detailed analysis and systematic summary of the application guidance of the phenomenon of glass transition in the preparation process, and its influence on the preparation intermediates and products, so as to provide theoretical guidance for preparation production and product storage.

Objective::Near infrared spectroscopy was used to detect the concentration density (25 ℃), solid-containing content, rhein content and glycyrrhizic acid content of compound Dahuang decoction. Method::The concentrated liquid of compound Dahuang decoction was determined by near infrared optical fiber transmission spectrometry. The contents of rhein and glycyrrhizic acid were determined by HPLC. Fifty-one samples were used for internal cross-validation, and partial least square regression was used to establish correction models between near-infrared spectrum and density, solid-containing content, rhein content and glycyrrhizic acid content, respectively. Ten unknown concentrated liquid samples were collected for external validation and prediction. Result::The external validation complex correlation coefficients between near-infrared spectra and density, solid-containing content, rhein content and glycyrrhizic acid content of the concentrated liquid of compound Dahuang decoction were 0.995 9, 0.999 6, 0.997 0 and 0.992 2, and the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) values were 2.50×10^-3, 0.17, 7.57 and 67.10, respectively. Conclusion::The near infrared spectroscopy is suitable for the determination of evaluation indexes of the concentrated liquid index of compound Dahuang decoction, and has the characteristics of rapid, simple, stable and reliable.