Atherosclerosis(As)is a chronic inflammatory arterial wall injury process,and vessel wall cells play an important role in the occurrence and development of As.Vascular endothelial cell(VEC)act as a semi-permeable barrier between vascular smooth muscle cell(VSMC)and vascular lumen,and its injury is the initial stage of As.In addition,Through phenotypic transformation,VSMC could transform into many cell phenotype of the plaques,including macrophage,foam cell,mesenchymal stem cell and so on,and these cells further involved in the occurrence of As.Fibroblast is the main component of vascular adventitia,in pathological conditions,fibroblast differentiate into myofibroblast and participate in the occurrence of As.In this article,we will review the involvement of vascular wall cells in the mechanism of As and its potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of As,which provide new therapeutic ideas for As.

Atherosclerosis(As)is a chronic inflammatory arterial wall injury process,and vessel wall cells play an important role in the occurrence and development of As.Vascular endothelial cell(VEC)act as a semi-permeable barrier between vascular smooth muscle cell(VSMC)and vascular lumen,and its injury is the initial stage of As.In addition,Through phenotypic transformation,VSMC could transform into many cell phenotype of the plaques,including macrophage,foam cell,mesenchymal stem cell and so on,and these cells further involved in the occurrence of As.Fibroblast is the main component of vascular adventitia,in pathological conditions,fibroblast differentiate into myofibroblast and participate in the occurrence of As.In this article,we will review the involvement of vascular wall cells in the mechanism of As and its potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of As,which provide new therapeutic ideas for As.

Atherosclerosis is the most common disease in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,and vascular endothelial dysfunction is the initial stage of atherosclerosis.As a physical barrier between the flowing blood and the en-dothelium,glycocalyx can participate in the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis by regulating vascular permeabili-ty,diastolic function,intercellular communication and inflammatory cell adhesion.Therefore,the maintenance or restora-tion of the integrity of the glycocalyx may be a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis.Moreover,the abscission level of glycocalyx can reflect the severity of atherosclerosis.Therefore,the level of glycocalyx degradation products(such as acetheparan sulfate,hyaluronic acid,etc)may be used to evaluate the severity of atherosclerosis in the future.This review summarizes the research progress of glycocalyx in atherogenesis.