OBJECTIVE: To describe the nutritional status of women with peritoneal metastasis (PM) from recurrent ovarian, fallopian, or peritoneal cancer and to assess longitudinal variations of the cachexia-anorexia syndrome (CAS) during palliative pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC). METHODS: Nutritional assessment included body mass index (BMI), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and blood chemistry. CAS presence/absence was recorded before and during repeated cycles (1–11) of PIPAC. RESULTS: Eighty-four patients with peritoneal cancer (n=5) or PM from recurrent ovarian (n=77) or fallopian tube (n=2) cancer were included. At baseline, resting metabolism (RM) (1,432±172 kcal/day), visceral fat level (7.5±3.2), skeletal muscle mass (27.2%±4.6%), upper arm circumference (27.9±4.6 cm), lower leg circumference (35.1±3.9 cm), serum parameters (albumin [3.5±0.7 g/dL], total protein [6.3±0.9 g/dL], and transferrin [202±60 mg/dL]) were below normal limits. C-reactive protein (CRP) (4.3±6.8 mg/dL), caliper body fat (35.7%±6.3%), and total body fat mass (35.6%±8.5%) were above normal limits. Nineteen/84 (23%) patients had CAS at baseline. Deterioration or stabilization/improvement of CAS was observed in 9/55 (16.4%) and 46/55 (83.6%) patients with follow-up data, respectively. Baseline body fat mass, visceral fat level, skeletal muscle mass, caliper body fat, BMI, ascites, Karnofsky index, RM, and CRP, as well as tumor response were not predictive of CAS deterioration. CONCLUSION: Nutritional decline and onset or deterioration of CAS are difficult to predict. Careful measuring and monitoring of nutritional parameters and CAS in all patients seems to be necessary in order to identify those patients in need of enteral/parenteral nutrition support.
Adipose Tissue ; Anorexia* ; Arm ; Ascites ; Body Mass Index ; C-Reactive Protein ; Cachexia* ; Chemistry ; Drug Therapy* ; Electric Impedance ; Fallopian Tubes ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intra-Abdominal Fat ; Karnofsky Performance Status ; Leg ; Metabolism ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Nutrition Assessment ; Nutritional Status* ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Transferrin

PURPOSE: Adipose stromal cells (ASCs) play an important regulatory role in cancer progression and metastasis by regulating systemic inflammation and tissue metabolism. This study examined whether visceral and subcutaneous ASCs (V- and S-ASCs) facilitate the growth and migration of ovarian cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CD45– and CD31– double-negative ASCs were isolated from the subcutaneous and visceral fat using magnetic-activated cell sorting. Ovarian cancer cells were cultured in conditioned media (CM) obtained from ASCs to determine the cancer-promoting effects of ASCs. A 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, Boyden chamber assay, and western blotting were performed to determine the proliferative activity, migration ability, and activation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway, respectively. RESULTS: CM from ASCs enhanced the migration of the ovarian cancer line, SKOV3, via activation of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Interestingly, in response to ASC-CM, the ascites cells derived from an ovarian cancer patient showed an increase in growth and migration. The migration of ovarian cancer cells was suppressed by blocking the activation of JAK2 and STAT3 using a neutralizing antibody against interleukin 6, small molecular inhibitors (e.g., WP1066 and TG101348), and silencing of STAT3 using siRNA. Anatomical differences between S- and V-ASCs did not affect the growth and migration of the ovarian cancer cell line and ascites cells from the ovarian cancer patients. CONCLUSION: ASCs may regulate the progression of ovarian cancer, and possibly provide a potential target for anticancer therapy.
Adipose Tissue ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Ascites ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Line ; Cell Movement ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-6 ; Intra-Abdominal Fat ; Metabolism ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Ovarian Neoplasms* ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Stromal Cells* ; Subcutaneous Fat*

Spontaneous gastric perforation is a rare complication of gastric lymphoma that is potentially life threatening since it can progress to sepsis and multi-organ failure. Morbidity also increases due to prolonged hospitalization and delay in initiating chemotherapy. Therefore prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment is critical to improve prognosis. A 64-year-old man presented to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain. Chest X-ray showed free air below the right diaphragm. Abdominal CT scan also demonstrated free air in the peritoneal cavity with large wall defect in the lesser curvature of gastric lower body. Therefore, the patient underwent emergency operation and primary closure was done. Pathologic specimen obtained during surgery was compatible to diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Fifteen days after primary closure, the patient received subtotal gastrectomy and chemotherapy was initiated after recovery. Patient is currently being followed-up at outpatient department without any particular complications. Herein, we report a rare case of gastric lymphoma that initially presented as peritonitis because of spontaneous gastric perforation.
Abdominal Pain ; Antigens, CD20/metabolism ; Antigens, CD45/metabolism ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Intestinal Perforation/diagnostic imaging ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/*diagnosis/drug therapy/pathology ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/*diagnosis/drug therapy/pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Stomach Neoplasms/*diagnosis/drug therapy/pathology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Abdominal Neoplasms ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Adult ; Dendritic Cell Sarcoma, Follicular ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Ki-1 Antigen ; metabolism ; Leukocytosis ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Receptors, Complement 3b ; metabolism ; Receptors, Complement 3d ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical features, endoscopic findings, pathologic diagnosis and treatment options of intestinal follicular lymphoma first presenting with gastrointestinal symptoms.

METHODSThe clinical features, pathologic findings and follow-up data were retrospectively studied in 9 cases of intestinal follicular lymphoma. Immunohistochemical study for CD3, CD5, CD20, CD21, Ki-67, bcl-2, bcl-6, CD10 and cyclin D1 was carried out.

RESULTSSeven of the 9 patients were females and two were males. The age of patients ranged from 5 to 60 years (mean = 44 years). The clinical manifestations included abdominal pain (5 cases), blood in stool (3 cases) and abdominal distension (1 case). The commonest site of involvement was ileocecal region (6/9). Endoscopic examination had been carried out in 6 patients and all showed the presence of multiple polyps. Five cases had undergone endoscopic biopsy. Histologic examination of the endoscopic biopsies showed lymphoma cells located mainly in mucosal layer, forming vague nodules with ill-defined boundaries. Plasma cells and eosinophils were not conspicuous. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells in all cases diffusely expressed CD20, CD10 and bcl-2. The staining for CD3, CD5 and cyclin D1 was negative. Lymphoid cells with weak CD10-positivity were identified in the interfollicular regions. Four cases were treated with surgical resection and chemotherapy. The other 3 cases received chemotherapy only and the remaining cases were treated conservatively. All of them were still alive on follow up.

CONCLUSIONSPrimary intestinal follicular lymphoma affects predominantly elderly patients and has a female predilection. The commonest site of involvement is ileocecal region. Endoscopic examination shows polypoid changes. The disease often runs a relatively indolent clinical course. The prognosis is better than that of primary nodal follicular lymphoma.

Abdominal Pain ; pathology ; Adult ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived ; therapeutic use ; Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Child, Preschool ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intestinal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Lymphocytes ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Follicular ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neprilysin ; metabolism ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Prognosis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Factors ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo compare the results of application of Qu single abdominal aorta clamping for bloodless hepatectomy and Pringle hepatectomy in 118 cases of liver tumors.

METHODSThe clinical data of 118 patients, including 59 patients undergoing Qu single abdominal aorta clamping for bloodless hepatectomy (Group QG) and 59 patients undergone Pringle first hepatic portal clamping hepatectomy (Group PG) since March 2009 in the Ningbo Tumor Hospital and Jiangxi Provincial Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. The changes of blood pressure, oxygen saturation, urine volume, intravenous fluid volume, amount of bleeding, time of abdominal aorta (or first hepatic portal) clamping, duration of operation and anesthesia, and other intraoperative indexes of the two groups were compared, and the changes of peritoneal drainage, blood tests, liver functions, etc. before operation and 1, 3, 7, 14 days after the hepatectomy in the two groups were also analyzed.

RESULTSAfter taking appropriate measures for intraoperative blood pressure control, only small fluctuations of blood pressure, which could be safely adjusted and controlled with stable vital signs, was observed in the group QG. The amount of intraoperative bleeding in the group QG was (96.25 ± 18.45) ml, significantly less than (536.25 ± 35.65) ml in the group PG (P < 0.05). In the group QG, both the duration of operation time [(227.58 ± 28.20) min] and duration of anesthesia [(249.48 ± 31.35) min] were significantly shorter than that [(261.46 ± 32.12) min and (286.58 ± 35.62) min, respectively] in the group PG (both P < 0.05). The postoperative liver dysfunction in the group QG was also milder than that in the group PG (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSFor liver tumor patients, Qu single abdominal aorta clamping for bloodless hepatectomy can basically achieve the goal of bloodless hepatectomy. This surgical operation is simple and safe, worthy of recommendation to skillful liver surgeons in hospitals there are some difficulties of blood supply.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood ; Aorta, Abdominal ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; blood ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; Blood Pressure ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; blood ; surgery ; Constriction ; Female ; Hemangioma, Cavernous ; blood ; surgery ; Hepatectomy ; methods ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; blood ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Operative Time ; Portal Vein ; Retrospective Studies ; Serum Albumin ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic features and differential diagnosis of myxoid dermafibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP).

METHODSThe clinical and pathologic features of 16 cases of myxoid DFSP were reviewed.

RESULTSThere were altogether 15 males and 1 female. The age of the patients ranged from 11 to 73 years (mean = 47 years and median = 48 years). The commonest site of involvement was trunk (number = 11), followed by shoulder (number = 2), head and neck (number = 2), and extremity (number = 1). Similar to conventional DFSP, most patients presented with a slowly enlarging subcutaneous nodule which showed a rapid recent growth in some cases. Amongst the 16 cases studied, 12 occurred de novo and 4 represented local recurrence. The tumors ranged from 2 to 10 cm in greatest dimension (mean = 5 cm and median = 4 cm). Histologically, they were poorly circumscribed and located in the dermis, with focal infiltration into the underlying subcutaneous tissue. Seven cases were purely myxoid and composed of spindly and stellate cells with delicate arborizing vascular meshwork. The remaining 9 cases were predominantly myxoid (> 50%), with 5 cases containing cellular areas resembling conventional DFSP and 4 cases showing fibrosarcomatous transformation. In addition, foci of giant cell fibroblastoma-like areas were noted in 1 case. Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumors cells were positive for CD34. The staining was weak in the myxoid areas, as compared with conventional DFSP. Of the 4 recurrent cases, one patient developed lung metastases.

CONCLUSIONSMyxoid DFSP represents a rare variant of DFSP and may pose important diagnostic pitfalls. It is especially so if the tumor purely consists of myxoid element. Familiarity with the histologic features helps to avoid misdiagnosis.

Abdominal Wall ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Child ; Dermatofibrosarcoma ; diagnostic imaging ; immunology ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; immunology ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; secondary ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Radiography ; Shoulder ; Skin Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; immunology ; pathology ; surgery ; Young Adult

Symptomatic gastro-intestinal metastasis in lung cancer is extremely rare and only a few case reports have been published. Here, we report a case with lung adenocarcinoma that presented with acute abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting due to duodenum, jejunum, and colon obstruction by the gastro-intestinal metastasis. The patient underwent colonoscopy and the pathologic report was adenocarcinoma. When there are similar histologic findings in both colon and pulmonary lesion, the question is whether both lesions are primary cancer or the colon lesions are metastases from lung cancer. Microscopic examination of a conventional pathologic section was not sufficient to make this determination. Immunohistochemistry was positive for thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) and cytokeratin 7 (CK7), and negative for cytokeratin 20 (CK20) and caudal-related homeobox transcription factor-2 (CDX-2) on colon mucosa specimen. Accordingly, we used immunohistochemical marker for differential diagnosis of primary adenocarcinoma of the lung with gastro-intestinal metastasis.
*Abdominal Pain ; Adenocarcinoma/*diagnosis/pathology ; Colonoscopy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/*pathology/secondary ; Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratin-20/metabolism ; Keratin-7/metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms/*diagnosis/pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Transcription Factors/metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic features, immunophenotype and differential diagnosis of plexiform angiomyxoid myofibroblastic tumor (PAMT) of the stomach.

METHODSThe clinical and pathologic findings of 3 cases of PAMT in the gastric antrum were retrospectively analyzed. Immunohistochemical study was carried out and the literature was reviewed.

RESULTSThe age of patients ranged from 31 to 47 years. The male-to-female ratio was 1:2. The clinical presentation included epigastric pain and distension. Endoscopically, the tumor mass protruded into the gastric cavity at the antrum and ranged from 4.5 cm to 8.0 cm in greatest dimension. One of the tumors studied was associated with surface ulceration. Histologically, the tumors were located in the gastric wall. They were composed of bland spindle cells and small vessels arranged in a plexiform or nodular pattern within a myxoid stroma. Immunohistochemical study showed that the spindle cells were consistently positive for smooth muscle actin and muscle-specific actin. There was focal staining for h-caldesmon, desmin in case 3 and focal positive for epithelial membrane antigen, CAM5.2 in case 1. Further, CD10 and progesterone receptor were positive in case 3.

CONCLUSIONSPAMT represents a rare novel mesenchymal tumor of the stomach, with a propensity of gastric antral involvement. The distinctive pathologic features help to differentiate this entity from other benign and malignant tumors.

Actins ; metabolism ; Adenomyoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adult ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fibromatosis, Abdominal ; metabolism ; pathology ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myofibroma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Myxoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; metabolism ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo study the clinicopathologic features and histogenesis of calcifying fibrous tumor (CFT).

METHODSThe clinical manifestations, histopathologic characteristics and immunophenotype were analyzed in 11 cases of CFT.

RESULTSThe male-to-female ratio was 5:6, with a mean age of 38 years and age range of 25 to 52 years. The sites of involvement included abdominopelvic cavity (n=6), soft tissue (n=4) and scrotum (n=1). Most patients presented with a gradually enlarging and painless mass. Nearly half of the cases were associated with other diseases or history of inflammation, trauma or surgical intervention. One third of the tumors represented incidental findings and showed no recurrence after resection. Imaging revealed a solitary solid soft tissue mass or multiple nodules with clear borders and associated high-density calcifications. Macroscopically, the tumors were well-circumscribed but non-encapsulated. They ranged from 0.5 to 20.0 cm in diameter and were tan-greyish, round to oval, lobulated or irregular and solid with rubbery consistency. The cut surface was whitish to tan-yellowish, gritty and showed scattered spotty yellowish discoloration corresponding to the foci of dystrophic calcifications. Histologically, CFT was composed of hyalinized fibrous tissue and thickened vessel walls with interspersed bland spindly fibroblastic cells, scattered psammomatous calcifications, dystrophic calcification and lymphoplasmacytic infiltration. In addition, focal cloak-like polymorph infiltration at the tumor periphery and entrapment of adipocytes and nerves were demonstrated in some cases. Foci resembling solitary fibrous tumor, fibromatosis, keloid or inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor were observed. Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells were diffusely positive for vimentin and focally positive for CD34, factor VIII-related antigen and beta-catenin. The admixed plasma cells were notably IgG positive, with more than 50% being IgG4 positive.

CONCLUSIONSCFT has characteristic histopathologic manifestations and shows morphologic and immunohistochemical overlaps with known IgG4-related sclerosing diseases. It is possible that CFT may represent another example of IgG4-related diseases. It often runs a benign clinical course, with rare recurrence after surgical resection. Previous inflammation and trauma may be the precipitating factors of CFT.

Abdominal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Adult ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Calcinosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genital Neoplasms, Male ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; metabolism ; Incidental Findings ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Fibrous Tissue ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Pelvic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Scrotum ; pathology ; Soft Tissue Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Vimentin ; metabolism ; beta Catenin ; metabolism ; von Willebrand Factor ; metabolism