Abstract Vitamin D deficiency is a significant health issue, particularly among office workers. This literature review emphasizes the availability of evidence on vitamin D deficiency and its impacts on musculoskeletal health and immune functions, especially amongst office workers. A literature search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science identified relevant studies on the relationship between vitamin D status and musculoskeletal health and infection risks, highlighting the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in office workers due to limited sunlight exposure and sedentary lifestyles. The risks of osteoporosis, muscle weakness, and musculoskeletal pain, as well as impaired immune system function, are carefully examined. Potential intervention strategies include implementing work schedules allowing for outdoor breaks, providing access to vitamin D-fortified foods or supplements, and routine screening for vitamin D levels. Addressing the low level of vitamin D in office workers is essential for promoting musculoskeletal health, supporting immune functions, and enhancing workforce productivity. This review underscores the need for further research and the implementation of evidence-based interventions to mitigate the impact of vitamin D deficiency in this population.
Vitamin D deficiency ; office workers ; musculoskeletal ; Immunity

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the patterns of fasting blood glucose (FBG) trajectories and analyze the relationship between various occupational hazard factors and FBG trajectories in male steelworkers. METHODS: The study cohort included 3,728 workers who met the selection criteria for the Tanggang Occupational Cohort (TGOC) between 2017 and 2022. A group-based trajectory model was used to identify the FBG trajectories. Environmental risk scores (ERS) were constructed using regression coefficients from the occupational hazard model as weights. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the effects of occupational hazard factors using the ERS on FBG trajectories. RESULTS: FBG trajectories were categorized into three groups. An association was observed between high temperature, noise exposure, and FBG trajectory ( P < 0.05). Using the first quartile group of ERS1 as a reference, the fourth quartile group of ERS1 had an increased risk of medium and high FBG by 1.90 and 2.21 times, respectively (odds ratio [ OR] = 1.90, 95% confidence interval [ CI]: 1.17-3.10; OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.09-4.45). CONCLUSION An association was observed between occupational hazards based on ERS and FBG trajectories. The risk of FBG trajectory levels increase with an increase in ERS.
Humans ; Male ; Adult ; Blood Glucose/analysis* ; China ; Prospective Studies ; Occupational Exposure/adverse effects* ; Risk Factors ; Middle Aged ; Steel ; Fasting/blood* ; Metal Workers ; East Asian People

BACKGROUND

Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are significant public health concerns and social issues. Key players in efforts to stop HIV/AIDS as a public threat are healthcare personnel. Research has shown that negative attitudes of healthcare workers towards HIV can negatively influence their practices and these are associated with their level of knowledge about the disease.

This study aims to investigate the baseline knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare workers towards HIV/AIDS and to determine the association between profession and level of knowledge, attitudes and practices among healthcare workers in a tertiary pediatric government hospital.

This study utilized an analytical cross-sectional research design. Data were collected through a written questionnaire administered to 213 healthcare personnel, who were selected via stratified random sampling from January to April 2024. Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) scores were evaluated using Bloom’s cut-off points. Scores below 60% were classified as low level of knowledge, negative attitude, and poor practice. Scores from 60-79% were classified as moderate level of knowledge, neutral attitude and fair practice. Lastly, scores between 80-100% were classified as high level of knowledge, positive attitude and good practice. Descriptive and inferential statistics, specifically Fisher’s test were used whenever appropriate.

Among 213 study participants, 140 (65.73%) demonstrated a high level of knowledge towards HIV/AIDS among doctors, nurses, medical technologists, and radiologic technologists. There were 161 (75.59%) who exhibited positive attitude towards HIV/AIDS and worked as pharmacists, physical therapists, and dentists. About 154 (72.30%) reported having fair practices on HIV/AIDS.

The healthcare workers in our study have a high level of knowledge, positive attitude, and fair practices towards HIV/AIDS with significant differences between professions. There is a significant association between professions with the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards HIV. Doctors, nurses, medical technologists, and radiologic technologists have higher level of knowledge on HIV/AIDS. Positive attitude was higher among pharmacists, physical therapists, and dentists. Lastly, good practices were highest among midwives.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

Within a decentralized health system, barangay health workers (BHWs) are often the first point of contact for Filipinos seeking care. Despite their importance, BHWs are neglected in the health value chain. The study seeks to examine the lived experiences of BHWs, particularly their journey in navigating their roles within the community and the health system that encompasses their day-to-day realities, challenges, motivations, and the meanings they derive from their work.

The study draws on seven focus group discussions (FGDs) with BHWs (n=50), residents (n=7), and local government officials and health workers (n=7) of San Miguel, Bulacan. The qualitative data collected were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Findings show that BHWs perform many roles, which are not limited to health and are dependent on orders from their superiors. Guidelines are vague in appointing BHWs, with personal connections valued more than technical qualifications. Their accreditation is hardly conferred any significance. There is also a lack of formal and structured training. The informality of these processes leads to an absence of quality assurance on rendered health services. The non-provision of incentives and benefits stipulated in RA 7883 also places their health and lives at risk. Furthermore, BHW’s commitment to serve is used to excuse the inadequacy of their compensation and excessive workload.

BHWs take on diverse roles, from community organizers to healthcare providers, and are confronted with significant challenges encompassing politicization, inadequate training, and insufficient compensation. The study concludes with policy recommendations to improve the conditions of the neglected BHWs, with particular attention to coordinating, capacitating, compensating, career pathing, and connecting them to the health system.

BACKGROUND

Community Health Workers (CHWs) play a vital role in addressing community healthcare needs, yet little is known about their psychosocial status and job satisfaction. This study aimed to describe the psychosocial status and job satisfaction of CHWs, and examine the factors associated with their job satisfaction.

A cross-sectional study was conducted among 440 CHWs aged 25-60 years working in urban and rural areas of Batangas, Philippines. Linear regression models were used to examine the association between psychosocial factors and job satisfaction. Other factors associated with job satisfaction were also examined.

Despite 90.0% of CHWs reporting high perceived stress and 52.1% experiencing high depressive symptoms, they demonstrated relatively high job satisfaction (mean [standard deviation]= 80.05 [17.56]; range= 0-100) and high perceived social support (mean [standard deviation]= 25.09 [2.93]; range= 10-30). Among psychosocial factors, only perceived social support was associated with job satisfaction (unstandardized beta [B] 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.44, 1.41). Other factors associated with job satisfaction include fixed working hours (B 4.71; 95% CI 0.49, 8.94), work amenities (B 7.37; 95% Cl 0.03, 14.72), ≥21 years of work experience (B 5.64; 95% CI 0.35, 10.93), and working in rural areas (B 5.88; 95% CI 2.77, 8.99).

Psychological factors such as perceived stress and depressive symptoms were not found to be associated with job satisfaction among CHWs. However, factors such as greater perceived social support, fixed working hours, work amenities, longer work experience, and working in rural areas were identified as contributors to higher levels of job satisfaction among CHWs.

BACKGROUND

This study explored the indigenous knowledge practiced by the traditional Panday in the care of pregnant Meranaw mothers during intrapartum care and how it is perceived by the midwives and the mothers. In analyzing their perspectives, qualitative method of research known as descriptive exploratory research design was utilized. The study gathered insights from 51 individuals.

Data collection methods included interview and observations through thematic content analysis. Four themes emerged: traditional Panday, practices in intrapartum care, midwives' perceptions of traditional Panday, reasons for home births among mothers, and suggested policies and programs for traditional Panday, and mothers.

Data revealed that most traditional Panday, exhibit satisfactory intrapartum care practices, which closely resemble those used in hospitals, indicating their capability to conduct safe home births. Some traditional Panday, demonstrate remarkable skills, such as identifying fetal position and even turning breech babies into the cephalic position during critical labor stages. The integration of herbal methods and Islamic practices, such as the recitation of Azan to the baby's ear, further distinguishes their approach. Regarding midwives' perspectives, opinions varied, with some viewing traditional Panday, as dependable partners, while others perceive them as threats to maternal safety. However, most midwives advocate for finding solutions and improving access to care rather than viewing traditional Panday, as obstacles.

Mothers' preference for home births is attributed to factors such as comfort, privacy, and financial considerations. Traditional Panday, are valued for their modest fees and cultural sensitivity, as they prioritize the well-being and modesty of women in their care.

Objective: To investigate the knowledge of hepatitis C prevention and treatment and related factors among two groups of female sex workers (FSW) and men who have sex with men (MSM) in the Xizang Autonomous Region (Xizang) to provide a basis for the subsequent development of Hepatitis C publicity and education strategies. Methods: From August to September 2021, a special survey was conducted among 1 244 FSW and 234 MSM in 5 districts (counties) of 4 regions in Xizang. A one-on-one face-to-face questionnaire survey was adopted, and the χ² test and logistic regression were used to analyze the related factors of awareness of hepatitis C prevention and treatment among FSW and MSM. Results: The awareness rates of hepatitis C prevention and treatment knowledge among FSW and MSM were 35.0% (436/1 244) and 11.1% (26/234), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the positive related factors of FSW' awareness of hepatitis C prevention and treatment knowledge among those who had high school or technical secondary school education (aOR=4.72, 95%CI: 3.30-6.74) and college education or above (aOR=2.24, 95%CI: 1.58-3.18), those who experienced self-perceived risk of HCV infection (aOR=1.87, 95%CI: 1.43-2.45), negative related factors included married or cohabiting (aOR=0.58, 95%CI: 0.35-0.95), divorce or windowless (aOR=0.44, 95%CI: 0.27-0.72), no condom was used in the most recent commercial sexual activity (aOR=0.54, 95%CI: 0.43-0.69). The positive related factors of MSM's awareness of hepatitis C prevention and treatment knowledge were over 40 years old (aOR=8.65, 95%CI: 3.19-23.42) and having a self-perceived risk of HCV infection (aOR=6.25, 95%CI: 2.50-15.61). Conclusions: The awareness rate of hepatitis C prevention and treatment among FSW and MSM was relatively low in Xizang in 2021 and urgently needs to be improved. It is necessary to formulate targeted publicity strategies based on the characteristics of these two groups of people, increase publicity efforts, and expand the coverage of knowledge publicity to popularize key points about the clinical manifestations, treatment options, and transmission routes of hepatitis C, and carry out necessary warnings and education.
Humans ; Male ; Hepatitis C/therapy* ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Sex Workers/psychology* ; Homosexuality, Male ; Female ; Adult ; China ; Young Adult ; Middle Aged ; Logistic Models

BACKGROUND

According to the World Health Organization, in 2016, there were more than 1.9 billion adults who were overweight. Of these, over 650 million were obese. Physical inactivity is one of the major risk factors for several non-communicable diseases. Healthcare workers who have direct contact with patients often influence their behaviors. However, health care workers who educate their patients but they themselves do not practice what they recommend, may be one of the barriers that can affect patient education and influence.

This research paper aimed to investigate the motivation to participate in physical activity among healthcare workers and to determine the association between the profile of respondents with the different types of motivation.

There was a total of 250 randomly selected respondents who were included in the study. Data were gathered through a self-administered questionnaire utilizing the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-2). Descriptive statistics was used to summarize sociodemographic information, physical activity levels and BREQ-2 profiles. T-test was used to analyze differences in gender while analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for levels of physical activity and professional category.

Female healthcare professionals have a higher average in amotivation (mean=0.56) while males have a higher average in intrinsic (mean=2.82) motivation. Nurses and ancillary services have higher average amotivation scores than physicians.

Health care workers who have high classification in physical activity have the highest average scores in terms of relative autonomy index, introjected, identified, and intrinsic scores. This demonstrates a positive association between motivation from internal regulation and increased physical activity.

In the realm of mental health promotion and public mental health, a consistent acknowledgment has prevailed, recognizing the imperative to enhance mental well-being while concurrently preventing mental illnesses. Such recognition extends to the pivotal role that healthcare providers’ overall health plays in their capacity to deliver comprehensive and quality patient care. This study embarked on a journey to illuminate the mental well-being landscape of healthcare workers within the ambit of Chong Hua Hospital, spanning the tumultuous peripandemic period and beyond. Employing a quantitative research design, the standardized Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (WEMWBS) was methodically administered to discern the intricate threads of mental well-being. The study’s findings stand poised to serve as the cornerstone for the crafting of an institutional mental health program, meticulously tailored to the diverse needs of healthcare workers within the hospital. Results revealed that resident doctors and the PGIs while generally reporting a high level of mental well-being in the peripandemic period, a sizeable proportion of these medical healthcare workers still succumbed to manifesting poor mental well-being. The paper also proved that married and those who contracted the infection were a notable cohort who recorded a significantly poorer mental well-being. The need to prioritize well-being immediately and after the pandemic so that services are sustained cannot be overemphasized hence the myriad of recommendations for a comprehensive and sustainable institutional mental health program was proposed in this paper.

INTRODUCTION

Burnout is becoming more common among healthcare professionals, notably during the COVID-19 pandemic. It can result in lower performance and effectiveness at work as well as employment withdrawal, all of which affects the standard of healthcare services provided.

In order to ascertain the effectiveness of mindfulness meditation-based interventions (MMBIs) in reducing burnout among healthcare workers, a systematic review and meta-analysis was done.

Two investigators searched records in CENTRAL, PubMed/MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Preprints, Grey Literature, and cross-referencing to acquire articles using search terms related to “mindfulness meditation”, “healthcare workers”, and “burnout”. Inclusion criteria included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and nonrandomized controlled trials (NRTs) that assessed the effectiveness of MMBIs on burnout as measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) among healthcare workers in the hospital setting. Study selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment were done by the investigators independently. Analysis was done using RevMan 5 software, forest plots were generated, and subgroup analyses were done.

Of 25,453 identified records, 28 studies were included. The studies were rated with low to unclear selection bias and high risk of performance bias. MMBIs were associated with significant reduction on the emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal accomplishment subscales with pooled mean differences of -2.60 (95% CI = -3.64, -1.55), -0.51 (95% CI = -0.77, -0.26), and 0.82 (95% CI = 0.24, 1.39), respectively. On subgroup analyses, the types of MMBI implemented had no influence in the intervention effect noted on all subscales among RCTs but had significant influence among NRTs. Reduction of burnout was noted to be higher in nurses compared with physicians and mixed healthcare workers. Overall quality of evidence for RCTs was low to moderate and very low to low for NRTs.

The results suggest that MMBIs can reduce the burnout symptoms of healthcare workers. To address the high risk of bias of included studies and improve quality of evidence, future research should be done with high-quality RCTs.