The quality evaluation method for standard decoction of Chinese herbal slices is the basis for the quality evaluation of granules and preparations of classical formula(decoction)of traditional Chinese medicine. This study aimed to establish a method for the determination of quercetin-3-O-glucuronic acid in Nelumbinis Folium(NF)and its standard decoction, so as to provide reference for the quality control of NF and its standard decoction. Fifteen batches of representative NF were collected to prepare standard decoction, and the parameters of dry extract rate, transfer rate of index component, and pH value were calculated. HPLC was used to establish the content determination method for quercetin-3-O-glucuronic acid in NF and its standard decoction. The concentration range of quercetin-3-O-glucuronic acid in the standard decoction of NF was 1.09-3.06 g·L~(-1), while the concentration range of nuciferine was 0.01-0.17 g·L~(-1). The average extraction rate of NF standard decoction was(14.4±2.6)%, the average transfer rate of quercetin-3-O-glucuronic acid was(70.7±18.6)%, and the average transfer rate of nuciferine was(9.6±5.4)%. Compared with Nuciferine, quercetin-3-O-glucuronic acid had a high content and stable transfer rate in standard decoction, and was recommended to be the quality control marker for NF and its standard decoction. This paper establishes a quality evaluation method for NF standard decoction, and can provide reference for the quality control of all preparations derived from NF and its decoction.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Flowers/chemistry* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Nelumbo/chemistry* ; Quality Control

Pistacia lentiscus,which belongs to foreign medicine resources,is widely distributed in the Mediterranean and Middle Eastern area. The essential oils are a mixture of several volatile compounds mainly monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes obtained from different parts of P. lentiscus by hydrodistillation. The variability of chemical composition,biological activities and content of essential oil is strongly affected by extraction technology,environmental and sex factors. It is indicated that essential oils of P. lentiscus have kinds of biological activities such as antibacterial,anticancer,anti-atherogenesis,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and insecticidal activities.Many scholars hold the opinion that combination of different components with synergistic and/or additive actions should account for their biological activities. Due to its diverse efficacy and special taste,the essential oil of P. lentiscus has been extensively used in medicine,food and cosmetics industries. A mini review of chemical constituents and biological activities of essential oil of P. lentiscus in the past20 years is made here to provide valuable reference for the construction of " the Belt and Road".
Monoterpenes ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Oils, Volatile ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Pistacia ; chemistry ; Plant Oils ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Sesquiterpenes ; chemistry ; pharmacology

Danggui Buxue Tang(DBT) is a famous classical formula of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for invigorating Qi and activating blood circulation.It is composed of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Astragali Radix.It has the effect of enriching blood,invigorating Qi and regulating immunity,and has a high application value in clinical treatment.Because of its definite curative effect and simple compatibility,it has become a hot spot in the research field of TCM.This paper summarized and analyzed the research status of DBT from the pharmacological action,pharmacodynamic material basis,pharmacokinetics,quality control,compatibility and decoction process,so as to provide reference for the development of DBT and formulating its quality standard.

Surgery is the standard treatment for early resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the recurrence rate is high. There is no effective cure for this. Immunological checkpoint inhibitors have altered the therapeutic model of patients with advanced gene therapy for advanced NSCLC, presenting new hope for early immunotherapy of NSCLC. Immunological checkpoint inhibitors have altered the therapeutic model of patients with driving gene-negative NSCLC patients, presenting new hope for early immunotherapy of NSCLC. Based on the analysis of the status of early NSCLC adjuvant therapy, the clinical study of immunological checkpoint inhibitors as a new adjuvant/adjuvant therapy in early operable NSCLC was explored in this paper.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the influence of Rce1 on invasion and migration of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells by silencing the Rce1 gene with RNA interference. METHODS: The tongue squamous cell carcinoma Cal-27 and SCC-4 cells were cultured in vitro. The small interfering RNA (siRNA) of the Rce1 gene was designed, and the Rcel gene expression was silenced vialiposome transfection. According to the siRNA transfected by liposome, the experimental group was divided into three groups, namely, Rce1-siRNA-1, Rce1-siRNA-2, and Rce1-siRNA-3 groups. Negative control group was transfected by siCON, and the blank control group was untransfected by siRNA. The Rce1, RhoA, and K-Ras gene expression levels in each group were analyzed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The Rce1, RhoA, K-Ras, MMP-2, and MMP-9 protein expression levels were analyzed by Western blot. The invasiveness of tongue cancer cell Cal-27 and SCC-4 were determined by Transwell invasion assay, and cell migration assay was performed by cell scratch assay. RESULTS: Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot results showed that compared with the negative and blank control groups, the Rce1 gene and protein expression levels in three experimental groups decreased (P<0.05). The RhoA, K-Ras gene and protein expression levels were insignificantly different among groups (P>0.05). Meanwhile, the MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression levels decreased (P<0.05). Transwell invasion assay results showed that the total number of cells in the PET film of the experimental groups was significantly decreased compared with the control group (P<0.05). The cell scratch test showed that the cell closure time of the scratch in the interference group was significantly longer than those in the control and blank groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Silencing Rce1 in vitro can effectively downregulate its expression in tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells Cal-27 and SCC-4 and reduce the migration and invasion abilities of these cells.
Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Endopeptidases ; metabolism ; Humans ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Tongue Neoplasms ; metabolism ; therapy ; Transfection

Honokiol (HK) have extensive pharmacological activities, but its poor solubility and instability restricted its clinical application and efficacy exertion. HK nanosuspensions (HK-NSps) were designed in this study in order to solve the problems. HK-NSps were prepared by antisolvent precipitation method, using poly-vinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a combined stabilizer. The particle size was measured using dynamic light scattering method, the morphology was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The size change and drug content of HK-NSps in various physiological media during the storage at ambient temperature was examined to evaluate their storage stability. Dialysis method was used to study their drug release in vitro. MTT assay was used to assess their in vitro cytotoxicity against 4T1 breast cancer cell line. Anti-tumor effect in vivo was also investigated in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. HK-NSps were prepared with high drug loading content of 48.62%, nearly spherical shape and good storage stability. The average particle size was (83.40 ±1.042) nm, the polydispersity index (PDI) value was 0.223 ±0.011, the zeta potential was (-42.2 ±1.2) mV. HK-NSps showed sustained in vitro drug release and enhanced cytotoxicity in contrast to free HK against 4T1 cells (IC₅₀, 8.36 μg·mL^-1 vs 37.58 μg·mL^-1, P<0.05). The in vivo study on 4T1 tumor-bearing mice demonstrated that HK-NSps showed good dose-dependent tumor inhibition rate (TIR). In contrast to 4 mg·kg^-1 of PTX injection (TIR, 47.9%), medium and high dose of HK-NSps displayed improved therapeutic efficacy (TIR, 55.67% for 40 mg·kg^-1, 67.28% for 60 mg·kg^-1, P<0.05). In contrast, the high dose of HK crude drug (60 mg·kg^-1) had TIR of only 54.13% even administrated every day. In conclusion, HK-NSps were prepared with small size, high drug-loading capacity, and good stability. The improved in vitro and in vivo antitumor efficacy demonstrated that HK can be a promising antitumor drug in combination with nanosuspensions technology.