BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

Colorectal cancer (CRC) has the third highest incidence in the Philippines. Currently, there is a paucity in literature that is focused on the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of Filipinos regarding CRC screening. This is the first study in the Philippines that describes this.

This is a cross-sectional study that validated a 52-item Filipino questionnaire on the knowledge on colorectal cancer, willingness to undergo CRC screening, and perceived benefits and barriers to fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and colonoscopy. The study enrolled household heads more than 20 years of age residing in both urban and rural communities in the Philippines.

The UP-PGH CRC KAP (University of the Philippines – Philippine General Hospital Colorectal Cancer Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices) and Rawl Questionnaire’s validity and internal consistency were established in a pilot study of 30 respondents. A total of 288 respondents were then enrolled to the main study group with a median age of 54.0. Knowledge scores for prognosis and utility of CRC screening were modest (6.3/12 and 8.4/20, respectively). Perceived benefit scores to FOBT and colonoscopy were high (9.9/12 and 13.9/16, respectively).Median scores to barriers to FOBT and colonoscopy were intermediate (22.5/36 and 35.8/60, respectively). Notably, a vast majority (86.1%) were willing to participate in CRC screening programs initiated by the government, and 46.9% agreed to undergo screening tests even as out-of-pocket expense.

The UP-PGH CRC KAP Questionnaire as well as the Filipino translation of the Rawl Questionnaire are reliable and valid tools in extensively assessing the knowledge of Filipinos on CRC and willingness to undergo screening, as well as the benefits of and barriers to FOBT and colonoscopy. Knowledge scores were modest suggesting that directed educational campaigns and awareness programs can aid in increasing awareness about CRC and its screening. Household income and highest educational attainment were significantly positively correlated with knowledge scores, and perceived benefits of and barriers to CRC screening. Scores were generally comparable between urban and rural communities.

INTRODUCTION: The number of injuries and expenses from unsafe delivery of health care has heeded the call for a greater patient safety advocacy. The development of an effective reporting system contributes towards this cause. The study aimed to explore the perceptions of nurses regarding critical incidents and investigate the factors affecting their decision to report a certain event. METHODS: Focus group discussions including 28 nurses working in the service wards of a tertiary hospital, and the data gathered were analyzed using descriptive qualitative approach. RESULTS: Three key themes emerged from the discussions: (1) perceptions of an incident, (2) attitudes, norms, and culture of incident reporting in the workplace, and (3) perceptions and suggestions for management actions and improving the reporting system. The study showed that various factors tend to interplay in the identification of an incident as well as the consideration to perform the behavior. DISCUSSION The primary practice and education implications focus on changing the workplace culture and proper orientation of the staff, while further research regarding the role of reporting, and appropriate analysis of error reporting among other health care professionals would be recommended.
hospital communication systems ; nursing education ; critical incidents ; patient safety

Background: Hypertension remains the leading risk factor for mortality due to cardiovascular diseases worldwide. In the Philippines, this is the second most common cause of morbidity, with a rate of 602.4/100,000. Contributory to this burden is low adherence to lifestyle modifications in the general population and among healthcare workers (HCWs). This is observed despite HCWs’ knowledge and access to health services. Key to addressing this problem is patient education regarding healthy lifestyle, which has proven benefits on blood pressure control. Supportive methods, such as text messages and phone calls, can improve adherence. However, there is a gap in local data regarding tele-education, content, and healthcare workers. Objectives: The study aimed to determine adherence to a healthy lifestyle among hypertensive healthcare workers, specifically 1) adherence score to diet, physical activity, smoking cessation, and alcohol intake after 8 weeks of tele- education; 2) change in adherence from baseline to week 8; 3) change in adherence of those who underwent standard versus intensified tele-education. Methods: A randomized, controlled intervention study with 40 participants was conducted. Baseline adherence was recorded at the beginning, standard and intensified tele-education at week 4, and final adherence measurement at week 8. Results Baseline data revealed low total adherence to healthy lifestyle, with the lowest scores for diet (0%) and physical activity (20%). Highest change after week 4 of tele-education was seen in the intervention group diet (50%) and physical activity (70%). Total adherence increased in control (10%) and intervention (45%) groups. However, only the intervention group showed statistical significance (p-value < 0.001). Conclusions. Thus, intensified tele-education given one month after standard face-to-face education is an effective way of increasing adherence of hypertensive HCWs to a healthy lifestyle.
Hypertension ; telemedicine ; patient education

Introduction: Patient education is an integral component of diabetes mellitus care. The emergence of different methods and characteristics of patient education has led to varying outcomes of quality of life (QoL). Herein, we systematically searched for published studies reporting patient education and its methods and characteristics for improving the QoL of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: In this scoping review, eligible studies from six databases (PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Springer Link, Science Direct and Google Scholar) were identified. The keywords used in the search strategies were as follows: health education, health promotion, patient education, diabetes care, QoL, diabetes mellitus and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Two reviewers independently screened all references and full-text articles retrieved to identify articles eligible for inclusion. Results: A total of 203 articles were identified in the initial search. Of them, 166 were excluded after screening the titles and abstracts. Further full-text screening led to the subsequent removal of 22 articles, leaving 15 articles eligible for data extraction. Conclusion There is a broad array of methods of patient education for improving the QoL of patients with T2DM. Self-management education with supplementary supervision and monitoring effectively improves QoL. Future studies must emphasise the application of holistic education covering psychological distress, diet plan, and physical health.
Health Education ; Health Promotion ; Patient Education as Topic ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Quality of Life

Betacoronavirus ; Coronavirus Infections ; rehabilitation ; Critical Illness ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Pandemics ; Patient Education as Topic ; Pneumonia, Viral ; rehabilitation ; Respiratory Therapy ; methods

PURPOSE: This study aims to examine the effects of nursing interventions based on the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior (ETPB) regarding self-efficacy for exercise (SEE), physical activity (PA), physical function (PF), and quality of life (QOL) in patients with lung cancer who have undergone pulmonary resection.METHODS: This quasi-experimental study was conducted between July 2015 and June 2018 in two university-affiliated hospitals. The intervention included pre-operative patient education, goal setting (action and coping planning), and feedback (behavior intention and perceived behavioral control). The intervention group (IG) (n=51) received nursing interventions from the day before surgery to 12 months after lung resection, while the comparison group (CG) (n=36) received usual care. SEE, PA, PF (dyspnea, functional status, and 6-minute walking distance [6MWD]), and QOL were measured before surgery and at one, three, six, and 12 months after surgery. Data were analyzed using the χ² test, Fisher's exact test, Mann–Whitney U test, t-test, and generalized estimation equations (GEE).RESULTS: There were significant differences between the two groups regarding SEE (χ²=13.53, p=.009), PA (χ²=9.51, p=.049), functional status (χ²=10.55, p=.032), and 6MWD (χ²=15.62, p=.004). Although there were no time or group effects, the QOL mental component (Z=−2.78, p=.005) of the IG was higher than that of the CG one month after surgery. Interventions did not affect dyspnea or the QOL physical component.CONCLUSION: The intervention of this study was effective in improving SEE, PA, functional status, and 6MWD of lung cancer patients after lung resection. Further extended investigations that utilize ETPB are warranted to confirm these results.
Dyspnea ; Exercise ; Humans ; Intention ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lung ; Motor Activity ; Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Nursing ; Patient Education as Topic ; Quality of Life ; Self Efficacy ; Walking

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a daily life-based physical activity enhancement program performed by middle-aged women at risk for cardiovascular disease. METHODS: This study used a randomized control group pretest-posttest design. Middle-aged women aged 45 to 64 were recruited from two outpatient cardiology departments, and randomly assigned to an experimental group (n=28) and a control group (n=30). For the experimental group, after providing one-on-one counseling and education, we provided customized text messages to motivate them in daily life. To monitor the practice of physical activity, they also used an exercise diary and mobile pedometer for 12 weeks. Subjects' physical activities (MET-min/week) were measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Their physiological data were obtained by blood tests using a portable analyzer, and the data were analyzed using the SPSS 21.0/WIN program. RESULTS: There were significant differences in exercise self-efficacy, health behavior, IPAQ score, body fat, body muscle, and fasting blood sugar between the two groups. However, there were no significant differences in total cholesterol, hemoglobin A1c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and waist-to-hip ratio. CONCLUSION: Strengthening physical activity in daily life without being limited by cost burden and time and space constraints. Therefore, it is essential to motivate middle-aged women at risk for cardiovascular disease to practice activities that are easily performed in their daily lives.
Adipose Tissue ; Blood Glucose ; Cardiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Cholesterol ; Counseling ; Education ; Fasting ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Hematologic Tests ; Humans ; Lipoproteins ; Motor Activity ; Outpatients ; Patient Education as Topic ; Self Efficacy ; Text Messaging ; Waist-Hip Ratio

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to build and test a model outlining the factors related to nurses' patient safety management activities. The exogenous variables were personal factor, job factor and organizational support. The endogenous factors were safety-related recognition, patient safety culture and patient safety management activities. METHODS: A survey using a structured questionnaire was conducted among 500 nurses in Korea. The collected data were analyzed using PASW Statistics 18.0 and AMOS 20.0 programs. RESULTS: Personal factors, job factors, safety-related recognition, and patient safety culture significantly affected nurses' patient safety management activities. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that patient safety accidents can be prevented by increasing the safety culture and safety related recognition. To improve the safety culture and safety related recognition, measures should be taken to reduce the turnover rate of career nurses and provide sufficient manpower allocation, education and policies.
Education ; Humans ; Korea ; Organizational Culture ; Patient Safety ; Safety Management

The use of computed tomography (CT) in emergency departments has increased over several decades, as physicians increasingly depend on imaging for diagnoses. Patients and medical personnel are put at risk due to frequent exposure to and higher levels of radiation, with very little evidence of improvements in outcomes. Here, we explore why CT imaging has a tendency to be overused in emergency departments and the obstacles that medical personnel face in ensuring patient safety. The solution requires cooperation from all emergency care stakeholders as well as the continuous education of doctors on how CT scans help in particular cases.
Diagnosis ; Education ; Emergencies ; Emergency Medical Services ; Emergency Medicine ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Humans ; Patient Safety ; Private Practice ; Radiation, Ionizing ; Risk Assessment ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

PURPOSE: Diabetes mellitus has been either the fourth or fifth leading cause of death among Taiwanese adults during 1995–2015. Older adults with diabetes are at higher risk of developing diabetic macrovascular and micro-vascular complications. The purpose of this study explored the self-management experiences of middle-aged and older adults with diabetes through a focus group. METHODS: Purposive sampling was used to recruit patients with diabetes from the metabolic outpatient clinics of medical centers and regional hospitals in Taiwan. Two focus groups, comprising a total of 23 participants, were employed to collect data, and group discussions were held a total of four times in an education room that was distant from clinical areas. RESULTS: Three themes were generated from analysis of the collected data: (1) “listening to the voice of the body and observing physical changes,” (2) “re-recognizing diabetes and challenges,” and (3) “self-management implementation dilemmas.” This study provided new insights into the experiences of middle-aged and older adults in Taiwan regarding their self-management of diabetes. CONCLUSION: Healthcare teams should be involved in the self-management education of patients with diabetes as early as possible to reduce patients' anxiety and to develop more patient-centered, culture-sensitive clinical skills. In addition to monitoring patients' self-management, healthcare professor should pay more attention to patients' successful adaptation to and coexistence with the disease.
Adult ; Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Anxiety ; Cause of Death ; Clinical Competence ; Delivery of Health Care ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Education ; Focus Groups ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Patient Care Team ; Patient Education as Topic ; Self Care ; Taiwan ; Voice