Objective To investigate the kinematic patterns of gate-turning techniques in sitting alpine skiing at the Winter Paralympic Games and their impacts on skiing performance.Methods Using drone footage and inertial sensor technology,kinematic data were collected from 11 alpine sit-skiers preparing for the Winter Paralympics.Key technical indicators such as turning radius,skiing speed,and trajectory length were analyzed for their relationship with skiing performance.Results The minimum turning radius during gate turns was(15.80±3.55)m,and turning radius showed a significant positive correlation with skiing time(r=0.40,P=0.02)and trajectory length(r=0.88,P＜0.01).The maximum skiing speed was(16.92±1.60)m/s,which was strongly negatively correlated with total skiing time(P＜0.01).Exit speed was also significantly positively correlated with total skiing distance(P＜0.05).Additionally,single-gate technical characteristics(such as turning radius and speed variation),were strongly reflective of overall skiing performance.Conclusions Optimizing turning radius and minimizing speed loss are critical for improving skiing efficiency.Single-gate kinematic analysis provides a scientific basis for overall technique optimization and offers valuable guidance for training and competition strategy design.

Objective To investigate the kinematic patterns of gate-turning techniques in sitting alpine skiing at the Winter Paralympic Games and their impacts on skiing performance.Methods Using drone footage and inertial sensor technology,kinematic data were collected from 11 alpine sit-skiers preparing for the Winter Paralympics.Key technical indicators such as turning radius,skiing speed,and trajectory length were analyzed for their relationship with skiing performance.Results The minimum turning radius during gate turns was(15.80±3.55)m,and turning radius showed a significant positive correlation with skiing time(r=0.40,P=0.02)and trajectory length(r=0.88,P＜0.01).The maximum skiing speed was(16.92±1.60)m/s,which was strongly negatively correlated with total skiing time(P＜0.01).Exit speed was also significantly positively correlated with total skiing distance(P＜0.05).Additionally,single-gate technical characteristics(such as turning radius and speed variation),were strongly reflective of overall skiing performance.Conclusions Optimizing turning radius and minimizing speed loss are critical for improving skiing efficiency.Single-gate kinematic analysis provides a scientific basis for overall technique optimization and offers valuable guidance for training and competition strategy design.

ObjectiveTo study the clinical effect of improved decortication in treatment of tuberculous empyema as well as the safety of operation.MethodsEighty-two cases who diagnosed as tuberculous empyema by pathology and operation from January 2007 to September 2010 were selected including improved decortication 44 cases,total empyema decortication 28 cases,thoracoplasty 10 cases.The operation time,peri-operative bleeding,postoperative complication and lung function recovery after 6 months operation were followed-up.ResultsAll the patients were in good recovery and there was no death in the operation for 1 year.The peri-operative bleeding in improved decortication was less than that in total empyema decortication and thoracoplasty [(56.23 ± 15.56) ml vs. (78.65 ± 23.14) and (66.92 ± 19.83) ml],and there was significant difference among them(P＜ 0.01 ).There was no postoperative complication in improved decortication,but 2 cases (7.1％,2/28) of partial lung recruitment maneuvers in total empyema decortication,1 case ( 10.0％,1/10) of extensive staxis with selective surgery in thoracoplasty.The proportion of forced vital capacity (FVC),forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1),peak expiratory flow (PEF) turning to normal after 6 months operation in improved decortication [95.5％(42/44),93.2％(41/44),97.7％(43/44)]were higher than those in total empyema decortication[ 75.0％ (21/28 ),78.6％ (22/28),85.7％ (24/28) ]and thoracoplasty [ 80.0％ (8/10),90.0％ (9/10),80.0％ ( 8/10) ],and there was significant difference among them (P ＜0.01).There was no significant difference in the operation time among them(P ＞0.05).ConclusionImproved decortication has remarkable superiority in curing tuberculous empyema especially it is small in traumatic with less blood loss,fewer postoperative complications,lung function recovery rapidly after operation.