Objective To explore the application value of CT combined with peripheral blood eosinophils(EOS)for distinguishing eosinophilic asthma(EA)from eosinophilic bronchitis(EB).Methods The clinical characteristics,peripheral blood EOS detection and imaging features of 523 patients(328 cases of EA and 195 cases of EB)were retrospectively analyzed.Univariate analysis identi-fied statistically significant parameters,which were further utilized in binary logistic regression to construct an imaging model and a combined model incorporating clinical characteristics,peripheral blood EOS and imaging features.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were plotted to evaluate the performance of each model.Results Statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in age,body mass index(BMI),peripheral blood EOS count,peripheral blood EOS percentage,and 11 ima-ging features,including bilateral lung,bronchial wall thickening and bronchial mucus plugs(P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)of the imaging model and the combined model were 0.891 and 0.918,respectively.Conclusion The combined application of CT and peripheral blood EOS detection can improve the efficiency,simplicity,and accessibility of distinguishing EA from EB.

BACKGROUND:Intestinal flora is a diverse and dynamic microbial community located in the human gastrointestinal tract,which plays a crucial role in maintaining human immunity and health.In recent years,the concept of"gut-lung axis"has been proposed,suggesting that intestinal flora is closely related to the lung,and exercise can regulate respiratory diseases by maintaining the balance of intestinal flora.OBJECTIVE:To review the relationship between intestinal flora and different respiratory diseases such as pneumonia,lung cancer,asthma and chronic pulmonary obstruction,and the influence of different exercise modes on intestinal flora and respiratory diseases,providing new ideas for an in-depth exploration of the mechanisms by which exercise regulates the role of intestinal flora in respiratory diseases.METHODS:CNKI and PubMed databases were searched for relevant literature published from 1944 to 2024,using the search terms of"intestinal flora,gut bacteria,respiratory illness,pneumonia,lung cancer,asthma,chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases,aerobic exercise,resistance training"in Chinese and English,respectively.Totally 101 documents were included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Intestinal flora plays an important role in the regulation of respiratory diseases such as pneumonia,lung cancer,asthma and chronic pulmonary obstruction diseases.(2)Different exercise modes are closely related to intestinal flora.Aerobic exercise can play a beneficial role in the regulation of intestinal flora by improving insulin sensitivity,increasing microbial diversity and inhibiting systemic chronic inflammation.Resistance exercise can decrease the permeability of intestinal mucosa and promote the production of short-chain fatty acids.Aerobic exercise combined with resistance exercise can also increase the diversity of intestinal flora and affect the composition of intestinal flora.(3)Exercise can improve respiratory diseases by regulating inflammatory response and reducing oxidative stress damage as well as improving cardiopulmonary function and exercise performance.(4)Exercise plays a key role in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases by regulating intestinal flora,inhibiting inflammatory response,regulating oxidative stress,improving intestinal barrier permeability and maintaining intestinal flora homeostasis.

Objective To compare the difference,agreement,and axial length measurement success rate between biometers ZW-30 and IOLMaser 700 based on swept-source optical coherence tomography for the measurement of ocular bi-ological parameters in patients with cataracts.Methods A total of 126 cataract patients(233 eyes)who were advised to undergo cataract surgery at the Department of Ophthalmology at Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University from January to February 2024 were included in this study.Two biometers were used to measure the axial length(AL),mean keratometry(Km),anterior chamber depth(ACD),lens thickness(LT),central corneal thickness(CCT),and horizontal corneal diameter[namely,the white-to-white(WTW)distance].The axial measurement success rate of the two biometers and the difference and agreement between the parameters were calculated.Results The mean difference between ZW-30 and IOLMaster 700 was(-0.006±0.042)mm for AL,(-0.074±0.204)D for Km,(0.031±0.051)mm for ACD,(0.001±0.005)mm for CCT,and(-0.286±0.337)mm for WTW,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The mean difference between ZW-30 and IOLMaster 700 was(0.008±0.215)mm for LT,and the difference was not statis-tically significant(t=0.579,P=0.563).The 95％limits of agreement range was between-0.011 mm and 0.000 mm for AL,between-0.474 D and 0.326 D for Km,between-0.010 mm and 0.012 mm for CCT,between-0.068 mm and 0.131 mm for ACD,between-0.116 mm and 0.159 mm for LT,and between-0.947 mm and 0.376 mm for WTW.The intra-class correlation coefficient of all measurements ranged from 0.790 to 1.000.The AL measurement success rate of IOLMaster 700 and ZW-30 was 95.3％and 95.7％,respectively.The latter had an AL measurement success rate of 98.7％after manually marking the position of the retinal identification line.Conclusion There were statistically significant differences between ZW-30 and IOLMaster 700 in the measurement of the AL,Km,ACD,and CCT,which,however,were not clinically significant.The agreement between both was good.ZW-30 had a higher AL measurement success rate,espe-cially for the manual identification function of eyes with opacified refractive media,which can further improve the AL meas-urement success rate and provide reference for clinical work.

Objective To compare the difference,agreement,and axial length measurement success rate between biometers ZW-30 and IOLMaser 700 based on swept-source optical coherence tomography for the measurement of ocular bi-ological parameters in patients with cataracts.Methods A total of 126 cataract patients(233 eyes)who were advised to undergo cataract surgery at the Department of Ophthalmology at Beijing Tongren Hospital,Capital Medical University from January to February 2024 were included in this study.Two biometers were used to measure the axial length(AL),mean keratometry(Km),anterior chamber depth(ACD),lens thickness(LT),central corneal thickness(CCT),and horizontal corneal diameter[namely,the white-to-white(WTW)distance].The axial measurement success rate of the two biometers and the difference and agreement between the parameters were calculated.Results The mean difference between ZW-30 and IOLMaster 700 was(-0.006±0.042)mm for AL,(-0.074±0.204)D for Km,(0.031±0.051)mm for ACD,(0.001±0.005)mm for CCT,and(-0.286±0.337)mm for WTW,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The mean difference between ZW-30 and IOLMaster 700 was(0.008±0.215)mm for LT,and the difference was not statis-tically significant(t=0.579,P=0.563).The 95％limits of agreement range was between-0.011 mm and 0.000 mm for AL,between-0.474 D and 0.326 D for Km,between-0.010 mm and 0.012 mm for CCT,between-0.068 mm and 0.131 mm for ACD,between-0.116 mm and 0.159 mm for LT,and between-0.947 mm and 0.376 mm for WTW.The intra-class correlation coefficient of all measurements ranged from 0.790 to 1.000.The AL measurement success rate of IOLMaster 700 and ZW-30 was 95.3％and 95.7％,respectively.The latter had an AL measurement success rate of 98.7％after manually marking the position of the retinal identification line.Conclusion There were statistically significant differences between ZW-30 and IOLMaster 700 in the measurement of the AL,Km,ACD,and CCT,which,however,were not clinically significant.The agreement between both was good.ZW-30 had a higher AL measurement success rate,espe-cially for the manual identification function of eyes with opacified refractive media,which can further improve the AL meas-urement success rate and provide reference for clinical work.

BACKGROUND:Intestinal flora is a diverse and dynamic microbial community located in the human gastrointestinal tract,which plays a crucial role in maintaining human immunity and health.In recent years,the concept of"gut-lung axis"has been proposed,suggesting that intestinal flora is closely related to the lung,and exercise can regulate respiratory diseases by maintaining the balance of intestinal flora.OBJECTIVE:To review the relationship between intestinal flora and different respiratory diseases such as pneumonia,lung cancer,asthma and chronic pulmonary obstruction,and the influence of different exercise modes on intestinal flora and respiratory diseases,providing new ideas for an in-depth exploration of the mechanisms by which exercise regulates the role of intestinal flora in respiratory diseases.METHODS:CNKI and PubMed databases were searched for relevant literature published from 1944 to 2024,using the search terms of"intestinal flora,gut bacteria,respiratory illness,pneumonia,lung cancer,asthma,chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases,aerobic exercise,resistance training"in Chinese and English,respectively.Totally 101 documents were included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Intestinal flora plays an important role in the regulation of respiratory diseases such as pneumonia,lung cancer,asthma and chronic pulmonary obstruction diseases.(2)Different exercise modes are closely related to intestinal flora.Aerobic exercise can play a beneficial role in the regulation of intestinal flora by improving insulin sensitivity,increasing microbial diversity and inhibiting systemic chronic inflammation.Resistance exercise can decrease the permeability of intestinal mucosa and promote the production of short-chain fatty acids.Aerobic exercise combined with resistance exercise can also increase the diversity of intestinal flora and affect the composition of intestinal flora.(3)Exercise can improve respiratory diseases by regulating inflammatory response and reducing oxidative stress damage as well as improving cardiopulmonary function and exercise performance.(4)Exercise plays a key role in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases by regulating intestinal flora,inhibiting inflammatory response,regulating oxidative stress,improving intestinal barrier permeability and maintaining intestinal flora homeostasis.

Objective::To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy and clinical application of the Obstetrical Chinese Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Scoring System (OCDSS).Methods::This study is a retrospective study that collected 1063 cases from Wuhan Union Hospital, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, and the Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture between July 2017 and June 2024. These cases were divided into DIC and non-DIC groups based on score standard. Diagnosis of DIC, the rate of hysterectomy, neonatal mortality, and severe asphyxia are the main outcome measures. All the laboratory indicators are all determined by clinical laboratory department of the hospital. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range) and frequencies. Independent sample t-test or non-parametric test were used to compare measurement data, while the chi-square test was used for count data. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under curve (AUC) were used to test the predictive accuracy. Using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to study the high-risk factors. P < 0.050 indicates a statistical significance. Results::Of 1063 participants in this study, 29 participants (2.73%) were diagnosed with obstetrical DIC by OCDSS score standard, and all the participants were diagnosed as DIC with underlying disease. When the Takao, Clark, and Erez score standard is the "gold standard", the OCDSS score standard always shows good sensitivity and specificity, with all the AUC over 0.75. OCDSS score standard also has better predictive of hysterectomy (68.18%, 91.07%, 0.872), severe neonatal asphyxia and death (79.17%, 75.07%, 0.842) than the other three score standards. All the indicators included in the OCDSS score standard contributed to the DIC diagnosis (all the P < 0.001). The indicators in the DIC group were more abnormal than the non-DIC group (all the P < 0.001). Conclusion::OCDSS is a first score standard, especially for pregnancies, it considers the underlying disease, clinical symptoms, and laboratory results. This score system shared a good diagnosis performance for DIC in the Chinese population and may help clinicians make timely decisions.

Objective:To analyze the biological parameters of the anterior segment of age-related cataracts patients with or without zonular weakness with the new generation of sweep-source anterior optical coherence tomography (OCT) device CASIA2 to provide a basis for the diagnosis of zonular weakness.Methods:A case-control study was conducted.A total of 158 cases (186 eyes) of patients with age-related cataracts having zonular weakness as a zonular weakness group, and 80 cases (80 eyes) of cataract with age-related cataracts without zonular weakness as a normal zonule group were enroll from June 2022 to June 2023 at Beijing Tongren Hospital.All patients underwent routine preoperative ophthalmological examination including slit lamp microsopy, IOLMaster 700, ocular B-ultrasound and OCT.The anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber volume (ACV), lens thickness (LT), lens vault (LV), anterior chamber angle opening distance at 750 μm (AOD750), lens decentration and tilt, radius of curvature of the anterior lens surface (RAL), and radius of curvature of the posterior lens surface (RPL) of patients were measured with CASIA2 and compared between the two groups.The relationship between zonular weakness and anterior chamber parameters and lens parameters was evaluated by logistic regression analysis.This study followed the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Tongren Hospital (No.TRECKY2018-049), and all enrolled patients signed the informed consent form.Results:In the zonular weakness group, ACD, ACV, RAL, and AOD750 were (2.34±0.56)mm, (85.05±40.19)mm 3, 7.52 (7.13, 8.08)mm, and 0.27 (0.07, 0.30)mm, respectively, which were smaller than (3.13±0.38)mm, (127.75±38.15)mm 3, 9.28(8.51, 9.76)mm, and 0.52 (0.31, 0.65)mm in the normal zonule group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05).LT and LV in the zonular weakness group were (5.14±0.45)mm and (1.22±0.53)mm, respectively, which were larger than (4.27±0.52)mm and (0.32±0.30)mm in the normal zonule group, and the differences were statistically significant (both P<0.05).Magnitude of lens decentration and tilt in the zonular weakness were 0.34 (0.13, 0.45)mm and 6.44 (3.67, 7.32)°, respectively, which were significantly larger than 0.19 (0.12, 0.25)mm and 4.88 (3.85, 5.65)° in the normal zonule group (both P<0.05).No obvious pattern was found in the direction of decentration and tilt.Logistic regression analysis showed that LV and lens decentration were risk factors of zonular weakness (odds ratios [ OR]=706.170, 335.339; both P<0.05), and RAL was a protective factor of zonular weakness ( OR=0.239, P<0.05). Conclusions:Age-related cataract patients with zonular weakness often present with a decrease in ACV due to increased anterior convexity of the lens.Decreased RAL, increased lens decentration and elevated LV are risk factors for zonular weakness.

Objective To explore the application value of CT combined with peripheral blood eosinophils(EOS)for distinguishing eosinophilic asthma(EA)from eosinophilic bronchitis(EB).Methods The clinical characteristics,peripheral blood EOS detection and imaging features of 523 patients(328 cases of EA and 195 cases of EB)were retrospectively analyzed.Univariate analysis identi-fied statistically significant parameters,which were further utilized in binary logistic regression to construct an imaging model and a combined model incorporating clinical characteristics,peripheral blood EOS and imaging features.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were plotted to evaluate the performance of each model.Results Statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in age,body mass index(BMI),peripheral blood EOS count,peripheral blood EOS percentage,and 11 ima-ging features,including bilateral lung,bronchial wall thickening and bronchial mucus plugs(P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)of the imaging model and the combined model were 0.891 and 0.918,respectively.Conclusion The combined application of CT and peripheral blood EOS detection can improve the efficiency,simplicity,and accessibility of distinguishing EA from EB.

BACKGROUND:Lipophagy is closely related to a variety of chronic metabolic diseases.Exercise can delay the pathological process of non-alcoholic fatty liver by regulating lipophagy,which has become one of the most popular studies in the field of sports medicine.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the regulatory role of lipophagy in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and the mechanism of exercise-mediated lipophagy in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.METHODS:CNKI,PubMed,and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant literature published from 1980 to 2025,using the search terms of"lipophagy,lipid metabolism,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,aerobic exercise,resistance training,combined aerobic resistance exercise"in Chinese and English.Totally 98 documents were included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Lipophagy plays an important regulatory role in the prevention and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.(2)Different types of exercises affect lipophagy:Aerobic exercise can play a beneficial role can regulate the expression of lipophagy related factors,enhance autophagy flow,improve lysosome biosynthesis and promote the decomposition of lipase.Resistance training can increase the expression of autophagy related factors in adipose tissue.Combined aerobic resistance exercise can increase fat oxidation rate and improve insulin sensitivity.(3)Exercise can treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by improving liver inflammation,insulin resistance,and liver function.(4)Exercise plays a key role in the prevention and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver by regulating lipophagy,reducing lipid accumulation,inhibiting steatosis,alleviating liver inflammation and fibrosis and improving insulin resistance.

Objective::To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy and clinical application of the Obstetrical Chinese Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Scoring System (OCDSS).Methods::This study is a retrospective study that collected 1063 cases from Wuhan Union Hospital, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, and the Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture between July 2017 and June 2024. These cases were divided into DIC and non-DIC groups based on score standard. Diagnosis of DIC, the rate of hysterectomy, neonatal mortality, and severe asphyxia are the main outcome measures. All the laboratory indicators are all determined by clinical laboratory department of the hospital. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range) and frequencies. Independent sample t-test or non-parametric test were used to compare measurement data, while the chi-square test was used for count data. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under curve (AUC) were used to test the predictive accuracy. Using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to study the high-risk factors. P < 0.050 indicates a statistical significance. Results::Of 1063 participants in this study, 29 participants (2.73%) were diagnosed with obstetrical DIC by OCDSS score standard, and all the participants were diagnosed as DIC with underlying disease. When the Takao, Clark, and Erez score standard is the "gold standard", the OCDSS score standard always shows good sensitivity and specificity, with all the AUC over 0.75. OCDSS score standard also has better predictive of hysterectomy (68.18%, 91.07%, 0.872), severe neonatal asphyxia and death (79.17%, 75.07%, 0.842) than the other three score standards. All the indicators included in the OCDSS score standard contributed to the DIC diagnosis (all the P < 0.001). The indicators in the DIC group were more abnormal than the non-DIC group (all the P < 0.001). Conclusion::OCDSS is a first score standard, especially for pregnancies, it considers the underlying disease, clinical symptoms, and laboratory results. This score system shared a good diagnosis performance for DIC in the Chinese population and may help clinicians make timely decisions.