Spinal surgical site infection (SSI), especially deep SSI after internal fixation is difficult in treatment, with long course of disease and poor prognosis. At present, there are many controversies in the diagnosis and treatment of spinal SSI, with unsatisfactory overall efficacy of its diagnosis and treatment. Besides, no diagnosis and treatment guideline based on evidence-based medicine has been in existence. To this end, the Spinal Infection Group of the Orthopedic Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association and the Spinal Infection Group of the Spinal Surgery Branch of the Chinese Rehabilitation Medicine Association jointly organized relevant experts to formulate Evidence-based clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of surgical site infection in spinal trauma ( version 2024) based on an evidence-based approach. A total of 10 recommendations were proposed on the diagnosis and treatment of spinal SSI, so as to provide a clinical reference for the diagnosis and treatment of spinal SSI.

【Objective】 To explore the safety of transrectal ultrasound-guided transperineal injection of sodium hyaluronate to expand the Dirichlet gap in laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. 【Methods】 A total of 14 healthy male purebred beagle dogs were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups, with 7 in either group.The control group was treated with conventional laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, while the experimental group was treated with laparoscopic radical prostatectomy after 2.5 mL sodium hyaluronate was injected into the Dirichlet gap under the guidance of transrectal ultrasound.The total operation time, prostate separation time, intraoperative blood loss and rectal status of the 2 groups were observed. 【Results】 After the injection of sodium hyaluronate into the Dirichlet gap between the prostate and the rectum, no rectal tissue was found in the prostate, and no obvious damage was found in the posterior rectum in either groups.The postoperative hemoglobin (HGB) was [(118.70±2.56) g/L vs.(122.10±2.19) g/L, P=0.02]; the total operation time was [(141.40±9.80) min vs.(119.10±9.16) min, P<0.05]; the prostate separation time was [(24.99±1.75) min vs.(16.64±2.34) min, P<0.05]; the amount of bleeding was [(47.43±4.32) mL vs.(34.86±5.18) mL, P<0.05] in the control group and experimental group. 【Conclusion】 Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy performed after 2.5 mL of sodium hyaluronate injection into the Dirichlet gap under the guidance of transrectal ultrasound can shorten the total operation time, the separation and resection time of the prostate, and reduce the amount of bleeding, which can improve and reduce the incidence of rectal injury, and prove the feasibility of this approach for prostatic cancer.

Spinal surgical site infection (SSI), especially deep SSI after internal fixation is difficult in treatment, with long course of disease and poor prognosis. At present, there are many controversies in the diagnosis and treatment of spinal SSI, with unsatisfactory overall efficacy of its diagnosis and treatment. Besides, no diagnosis and treatment guideline based on evidence-based medicine has been in existence. To this end, the Spinal Infection Group of the Orthopedic Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association and the Spinal Infection Group of the Spinal Surgery Branch of the Chinese Rehabilitation Medicine Association jointly organized relevant experts to formulate Evidence-based clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of surgical site infection in spinal trauma ( version 2024) based on an evidence-based approach. A total of 10 recommendations were proposed on the diagnosis and treatment of spinal SSI, so as to provide a clinical reference for the diagnosis and treatment of spinal SSI.

Objective:To investigate the safety and efficacy of FOLFOX (5-fluorouracil + calcium folinate + oxaliplatin) hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (FOLFOX-HAIC) combined with immune and targeted therapy as triple combination therapy for patients with single China Liver Cancer Staging (CNLC) Ⅰb hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods:A total of 20 patients with single CNLC Ⅰb hepatocellular carcinoma who received FOLFOX-HAIC combined with immune and targeted therapy as triple combination therapy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from October 2021 to August 2022 were included. The clinical data of all patients was retrospectively analyzed. There were 18 males and 2 females, with the age of (55.1±9.9) years. Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 and Modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST) were used to evaluate the efficacy of FOLFOX-HAIC combined with immune and targeted therapy, and the clinical safety of triple combination therapy was evaluated by common terminology criteria for adverse events 4.0.Results:According to RECIST 1.1, objective response rate of 20 patients was 70.0% (14/20) and disease control rate was 100.0% (20/20) after 2 cycles of treatment (one cycle of FOLFOX-HAIC plus programmed death-1 antibody). According to mRECIST, objective response rate was 90.0% (18/20) and the disease control rate was 100.0% (20/20) after 2 cycles of treatment. Following the treatment, 12 patients (60.0%) received liver tumor resection, and all of them achieved R 0 resection, 2 patients (10.0%) received radiotherapy, 3 patients (15.0%) stopped drug treatment for surgery, 2 patients (10.0%) refused surgery, and 1 patient (5.0%) died of multiple organ failure caused by immune hepatitis. According to pathological results, 3 patients (25.0%, 3/12) achieved pathological complete response, and 4 patients (33.3%, 4/12) achieved major pathological response. In the safety evaluation, the overall incidence of adverse events was 100.0% (20/20). Seven patients (35.0%) had grade 3 adverse events and 1 patient (5.0%) died of multiple organ failure due to immune hepatitis (grade 5). Grade 1-3 adverse events could be relieved after symptomatic treatment. Conclusion:The triple combination therapy of FOLFOX-HAIC combined with immune and targeted therapy is safe and has high objective response rate and disease control rate, which could be a new strategy for the neoadjuvant treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Acute non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (ANVUGIB) is one of the most common acute and severe clinical entities. As the limited medical resource in remote regions or primary hospitals, it is necessary to explore an effective endoscopic hemostasis method in such a medical condition. Aims: To investigate the efficacy of norepinephrine injection combined with electrocoagulation under conventional endoscopy in patients with ANVUGIB. Methods: Clinical data of 123 ANVUGIB patients were collected retrospectively from January 2019 to December 2021 at the Kashgar Prefecture Second People’s Hospital. According to the endoscopic hemostasis method used initially, these patients were divided into group A (submucosal injection of norepinephrine), group B (electrocoagulation), group C (clip hemostasis) and group D (direct norepinephrine injection combined with electrocoagulation). The success rate of immediate hemostasis, operation time, rebleeding rate within 72 hours, and rate of transfer to surgery were compared between the four groups. Furthermore, the relationship between visual field during hemostasis and success of immediate hemostasis was analyzed. Results: In group D, all patients achieved success immediate hemostasis, the success rate (100%) was significantly higher than that in group A, group B, and group C (all P<0.05). No rebleeding and surgical transfer was observed in group D. The operation time of group D was (17.84±6.78) min, which was not significantly different from that of group A and group C (all P>0.05). In patients treated with combined hemostasis, including initial combination strategy and failed cases transferred to combination strategy, a clear endoscopic visual field could be obtained in 94.2% of the cases, and the success rate of immediate hemostasis was 98.1%. Conclusions: Submucosal injection of norepinephrine combined with electrocoagulation under conventional endoscopy has a higher immediate hemostasis rate with lower rates of rebleeding and surgical transfer in ANVUGIB patients. This strategy is worthy for popularizing in remote regions and primary hospitals.

Objective:To analyze and discuss the application value and teaching effect of simulate patients (SP)-assisted problem-based learning (PBL) combined with team-based learning (TBL) mode in pediatric first aid teaching, in order to provide a new reference for the reform of standardized residency training and teaching mode of pediatrics in the new era in China.Methods:A total of 103 residents who participated in the standardized training in the Department of Pediatrics of Hunan Children's Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 were selected as the research objects, and they were divided into the control group (50 cases) and the experimental group (53 cases). The control group adopted the previous teaching mode of residents, while the experimental group adopted the SP-assisted PBL combined with TBL mode. In this study, SPSS 22.0 software was used for t test and chi-square test. Results:The examination scores of the experimental group in the theoretical knowledge of pediatric first aid, clinical thinking and skills, and application of pediatric first aid skills were higher than those in the control group [(86.98±3.42), (85.69±5.13), (89.62±4.75)] vs. [(77.23±4.16), (81.16±3.96), (76.54±5.78)], with statistically significant differences between the two groups ( P<0.05). The questionnaire survey showed that the clinical thinking and pediatric emergency skills, doctor-patient communication ability, teamwork ability and other aspects of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The SP-assisted PBL combined with TBL mode can produce positive effects in the standardized residency training of pediatrics, which will help residents better master pediatric first aid skills, improve their clinical comprehensive capabilities, and be more conducive to improving the quality of pediatric residency training, which is worth promoting in the new era.

Objective To investigate the expression of microRNA-1290 in pancreatic cancer and its role in invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer.Methods The expression of microRNA-1290 in pancreatic cancer tissue microarray and pancreatic cancer cell lines (AsPC-1,BxPC-3,Capan-2,Panc-1,and MIA PaCa-2) were detected by immunohistochemistry and QT-PCR.The pancreatic cancer cell lines Panc-1 and MIA PaCa-2 in logarithmic growth phase were treated with microRNA-1290 inhibitor,and the invasion and metastasis ability of pancreatic cancer cells were detected by Transwell and wound healing asssay.Western Blot was used to detect the expression of invasion and metastasis-associated proteins cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP-2) in pancreatic cancer cell lines.Results (1) The expression of microRNA-1290 in pancreatic cancer tissues was significantly higher than that in normal pancreatic tissues and adjacent tissues (P ＜ 0.05).(2) Compared with pancreatic normal epithelial cells (HPDE),the expression of microRNA-1290 was significantly higher in different pancreatic cancer cell lines (P ＜ 0.05).The expression level of MicroRNA-1290 in Panc-1 and MIAPaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells was significantly higher than that in other pancreatic cancer cell lines (P ＜ 0.05).(3) The number of invasive and metastatic cells was significantly decreased after treatment with microRNA-1290 inhibitor (P ＜0.05).(4) The expression of MMP-2 and COX-2 were decreased in Panc-1 and MIAPaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells treated with MicroRNA-1290 inhibitor.Conclusion The expression of MMP-2 and COX-2 may be involved in the invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cell by regulating the expression of microRNA-1290 in pancreatic cancer.

Objective To analyse the relationships between islet β-cell function and infection,inflammation and major organ function in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) patients with severe traumatic hemorrhage.Methods A total of 187 cases of MODS patients hospitalized in the 94th Hospital of PLA from January 2013 to January 2016 were selected,and were divided into the MODS survival group (MODS-S group,104 cases) and MODS dead group (MODS-D group).Other 100 healthy subjects were selected as the control group.The fasting blood glucose (GLU0) and insulin (INS0) levels,blood glucose (GLU30) and insulin (INS30) levels after 30 min of glucose loading,and levels of soluble triggering receptor expressedon myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1),tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-a),interleukin-6 (IL-6),alanine aminotransferase (ALT),creatinine (Cre) and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) in different groups were determined.The insulin-β-cell function was evaluated by homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-β) index and ratio of insulin increment and blood glucose increment after 30 min of glucose loading (ΔINS30/ΔGLU30),and their relationships to other indexes,including sTREM-1,TNF-α,IL-6,GLU0,ALT,Cre and CK-MB,in MODS patients with severe traumatic hemorrhage were analysed.Results The HOMA-β and AINS30/AGLU30 ratio in the MODS-D group were lower than those in the MODS-S group,and levels of sTREM-1,TNF-α,IL-6,ALT,Cre and CK-MB in the MODS-D group were higher than those in the MODS-S group,there were statistically significant differences (P＜0.01).In MODS patients with severe traumatic hemorrhage,HOMA-β and ΔINS30/AGLU30 was both negatively correlated with sTREM-1,TNF-α,IL-6,GLU0,ALT,CreandCK-MB (r=-0.356 4,-0.532 1,-0.345 8,-0.772 1,-0.762 5,-0.684 8,-0.606 4;r=-0.428 5,-0.567 8,-0.487 0,-0.743 6,-0.781 7,-0.717 6,-0.640 1,P＜0.01).Conclusion MODS patients with severe traumatic hemorrhage have islet β-cell dysfunction which may be used as a prognostic and diagnostic indicator.

were no significant differences in the detection rate of recto-sigmoid colon,mid colon,right colon and total detection of polyps among the 3 groups (P >0.05).Conclusion 4-L split-dose PEG is better than the oth-er 2 regimens in the colon cleansing quality,so it can better reach the intestinal cleaning standards before enteroscopy,which is a more suitable regimen for bowel preparation.

Objective Using ROC curve to determine the best cut-off point of serum HE-4 in the diagnosis of ovarian cancer and provide important value to diagnosis early ovarian cancer.Methods The levels of serum HE-4 in 68 ovarian cancer pa-tients,42 ovarian benign tumor patients and 30 healthy female were detected by electrochemistry irradiance method.The ROC curve was drawn and the cut-off point of HE-4 was determined by statistical software.Results The levels of serum HE-4 were all non-normal distribution in the groups of ovarian cancer,ovarian benign tumor and healthy controls.Whats more,there was no significant difference between ovarian benign tumor group and normal control group.And compared with benign ovarian tumors and normal control group,the level of HE-4 in ovarian cancers was significantly increased (P <0.01).It would be best for diagnosis when the level of serum HE-4 was 108pmol/L in ovarian cancer.Youden’s index showed the maximum (0.713)and the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing were 77.9% and 93.1% respectively.The positive predictive value was 91.4% and negative predictive value was 91.4%.At the same time,the positive likelihood ratio was 11.6 and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.2,odds ratio reached to 47.3.Conclusion The detection of HE-4 is an ideal mark for diagnosing and excluding ovarian cancer.Selecting 108 pmol/L as ovarian cancer diagnosis point is relative appro-priate.