OBJECTIVE: To establish a similarity measurement model for patients with dentofacial deformity based on 3D craniofacial features and to validate the similarity results with quantifying subjective expert scoring. METHODS: In the study, 52 cases of patients with skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusions who underwent bimaxillary surgery and preoperative orthodontic treatment at Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from January 2020 to December 2022, including 26 males and 26 females, were selected and divided into 2 groups by sex. One patient in each group was randomly selected as a reference sample, and the others were set as test samples. Three senior surgeons rated the similarity scores between the test samples and the reference sample. Similarity scores ranged from 1 to 10, where 1 was completely different, and 10 was exactly the same. Scores larger than 7.5 was considered as clinically similar. Preoperative cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and 3D facial images of the patients were collected. The three-dimensional hard and soft tissue features, including distances, angles and 3D point cloud features were extracted. The similarity measurement model was then established to fit with the experts' similarity scoring by feature selection algorithm and linear regression model. To verify the reliability of the model, 14 new patients were selected and input to similarity measurement model for finding similar cases. The similarity scoring of these similar cases were rated by experts, and used to evaluate the reliability of the model. RESULTS: The similarity metric models indicated that the features of the middle and lower craniofacial features were the main features to influence the craniofacial similarity. The main features that were related to the expert' s similarity scoring included distance of anterior nasal spine-menton (ANS-Me), distance of right upper canion point-Frankfurt horizontal plane (U3RH), distance of left superior point of the condyle-left gonion (CoL-GoL), distance of left gonion-menton (CoL-Me), distance of pogonion-midsagittal plane (Pog-MSP), distance of right alar base-left alar base (AlR-AlL), angle of pronasale-soft tissue pogonion-labrale inferius (Pn-Pog' -Li), distance of trichion-right tragus (Tri-TraR), distance of left exocanthion-left alar base (ExL-AlL), lower 1/3 of skeletal face, middle and lower 2/3 of skeletal face and upper lip region of soft tissue. Fourteen new patients were chosen to evaluate the model. The similar cases selected by the model had an average experts' similarity scoring of 7.627± 0.711, which was not significantly different with 7.5. CONCLUSION The similarity measurement model established by this model could find the similar cases which highly matched experts' subjective similarity scoring. The study could be further used for similar cases retrieval in skeletal Ⅲ malocclusion patients.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods* ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Malocclusion, Angle Class III/surgery* ; Orthognathic Surgical Procedures/methods* ; Face/anatomy & histology* ; Cephalometry/methods* ; Adult ; Adolescent ; Dentofacial Deformities/surgery* ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To compare the aesthetic effects of anterior maxilla clockwise rotation combined with segmental Le Fort Ⅰ osteotomy and whole maxilla clockwise rotation on improving paranasal concavity in patients with Class Ⅲ maxillofacial deformity. METHODS: A non-randomized controlled trial was designed, and 21 patients diagnosed with skeletal Class Ⅲ maxillofacial deformity were included. In the study, 11 patients in the test group were treated by segmental Le Fort Ⅰ osteotomy combined with anterior maxilla clockwise rotation, and 10 patients in the control group were treated by whole maxilla clockwise rotation. The CBCT and 3D photography of preoperative (T0), 2 weeks postoperative (T1), and 6 months postoperative (T2) were collected respectively, and the three-dimensional cephalometry was carried out. The differences of specific parameters between the two groups were compared by independent sample t-test, including saggital displacement of the cheek mass point (CK) and subalare point (SA), nasolabial angle, occlusal plane angle and labial inclination angle of the upper incisor. RESULTS: There were no significant differences of the parameters on T0 between the two groups. The average sagittal displacement of the upper incisors of the test group was (-0.71±1.67) mm and smaller than that of control group [(2.26±1.68) mm], t=-4.052, P < 0.05. The average angle of the occlusal plane clockwise rotation of the test group was 1.46°±2.38° and smaller than that of the control group (4.31°±1.83°), t=-3.047, P < 0.05. The angle of anterior maxilla clockwise rotation was 11.73°±2.81° during the surgery. The average saggital displacement of the paranasal soft tissue landmarks of the test group from T0 to T2 was larger than that of the control group [CK point, (4.96±1.18) mm vs. (2.01± 1.50) mm, P < 0.05;SA point, (5.19±1.17) mm vs. (2.69±1.45) mm, P < 0.05]. The labial inclination angle of the upper incisor of the test group was 112.15°±5.40° in T2 and significantly smaller than that of the control group (122.38°±8.83°), t=-3.237, P < 0.05. The nasolabial angle of the test group was 106.54°±12.82° in T2 and significantly larger than that of the control group (93.90°±12.46°), t=2.288, P < 0.05. CONCLUSION Compared with whole maxilla clockwise rotation, anterior maxilla clockwise rotation combined with segmental Le Fort Ⅰ osteotomy can increase the saggital displacement of the paranasal soft tissue, correct labial inclination of the upper incisors and the acute naso-labial angle and better improve the paranasal aesthetic defects in patients with Class Ⅲ maxillofacial deformity with less changing on the saggital orientation of the upper incisors and the occlusal plane angle.
Humans ; Maxilla/surgery* ; Female ; Male ; Osteotomy, Le Fort/methods* ; Malocclusion, Angle Class III/surgery* ; Adult ; Cephalometry ; Young Adult ; Rotation ; Adolescent

Developing and identifying effective medications and targets for treating hepatic fibrosis is an urgent priority. Our previous research demonstrated the efficacy of artesunate (ART) in alleviating liver fibrosis by eliminating activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear despite these findings. Notably, endocytic adaptor protein (NUMB) has significant implications for treating hepatic diseases, but current research primarily focuses on liver regeneration and hepatocellular carcinoma. The precise function of NUMB in liver fibrosis, particularly its ability to regulate HSCs, requires further investigation. This study aims to elucidate the role of NUMB in the anti-hepatic fibrosis action of ART in HSCs. We observed that the expression level of NUMB significantly decreased in activated HSCs compared to quiescent HSCs, exhibiting a negative correlation with the progression of liver fibrosis. Additionally, ART induced senescence in activated HSCs through the NUMB/P53 tumor suppressor (P53) axis. We identified NUMB as a crucial regulator of senescence in activated HSCs and as a mediator of ART in determining cell fate. This research examines the specific target of ART in eliminating activated HSCs, providing both theoretical and experimental evidence for the treatment of liver fibrosis.
Hepatic Stellate Cells/cytology* ; Liver Cirrhosis/genetics* ; Artesunate/pharmacology* ; Cellular Senescence/drug effects* ; Membrane Proteins/genetics* ; Animals ; Humans ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics* ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics* ; Male ; Mice

Objective:To establish and assess the precision of pre-surgical condyle position planning using mandibular movement trajectory data for orthognathic surgery.Methods:Skull data from large-field cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)and dental oral scan data were imported into IVSPlan 1.0.25 software for 3D reconstruction and fusion,creating 3D models of the maxilla and mandible.Trajectory da-ta of mandibular movement were collected using a mandibular motion recorder,and the data were inte-grated with the jaw models within the software.Subsequently,three-dimensional trajectories of the con-dyle were obtained through matrix transformations,rendering them visually accessible.A senior oral and maxillofacial surgeon with experience in both diagnosis and treatment of temporomandibular joint disease and orthognathic surgery selected the appropriate condyle position using the condyle movement trajectory interface.During surgical design,the mobile mandibular proximal segment was positioned accordingly.Routine orthognathic surgical planning was completed by determining the location of the mandibular distal segment,which was based on occlusal relationships with maxilla and facial aesthetics.A virtual mandible model was created by integrating data from the proximal and distal segment bone.Subsequently,a solid model was generated through rapid prototyping.The titanium plate was pre-shaped on the mandibular model,and the screw hole positions were determined to design a condylar positioning guide device.In accordance with the surgical plan,orthognathic surgery was performed,involving mandibular bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy(SSRO).The distal segment of the mandible was correctly aligned inter-maxillary,while the proximal bone segment was positioned using the condylar positioning guide device and the pre-shaped titanium plate.The accuracy of this procedure was assessed in a study involving 10 patients with skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion.Preoperative condyle location planning and intraoperative po-sitioning were executed using the aforementioned techniques.CBCT data were collected both before the surgery and 2 weeks after the procedure,and the root mean square(RMS)distance between the preope-rative design position and the actual postoperative condyle position was analyzed.Results:The RMS of the condyle surface distance measured was(1.59±0.36)mm(95％CI:1.35-1.70 mm).This value was found to be significantly less than 2 mm threshold recommended by the expert consensus(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The mandibular trajectory may play a guiding role in determining the position of the mandibular proximal segment including the condyle in the orthognathic surgery.Through the use of a con-dylar positioning guide device and pre-shaped titanium plates,the condyle positioning can be personalized and customized with clinically acceptable accuracy.

Objective:To investigate the distribution of physical and chemical water improvement areas of drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, as well as the use of household water purifiers.Methods:From April to October 2021, a survey was conducted in a drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis areas in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region where physical and chemical water improvement was carried out. The survey included the basic situation of the affected villages (number of permanent households, number of permanent residents, historical water fluoride content) and the use of residential water purifiers. Household peripheral water samples were collected to test the water fluoride content. Water purifier installation rate, normal usage rate, qualified water fluoride rate in normal usage, and the proportion of households covered by filter replacement departments were calculated.Results:In Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the physical and chemical water improvement areas of drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis were distributed in 2 735 villages in 11 leagues (cities) throughout the region, with 192 950 permanent households and 540 216 permanent residents. The average historical water fluoride content in all leagues (cities) was 2.18 mg/L, and the current average water fluoride content was 0.40 mg/L. A total of 134 763 water purifiers were installed, with an installation rate of 69.84% (134 763/192 950). A total of 10 773 households were surveyed, with 10 396 households using water purifiers normally and a normal usage rate of 96.50% (10 396/10 773). Among them, 10 158 households had qualified water fluoride of normal usage, with a qualified water fluoride rate of 97.71% (10 158/10 396). Of the 10 396 households using water purifiers normally, 3 974 households (38.23%) had filter cartridges used within one year, and 3 961 households had qualified water fluoride, with a qualified rate of water fluoride of 99.67% (3 961/3 974). Six thousand four hundred and twenty-two households (61.77%) had filter cartridges used for more than one year, with 6 197 households had qualified water fluoride and a qualified rate of water fluoride of 96.50% (6 197/6 422). There was a statistically significant difference in the qualified rate of water fluoride between purifiers with different filter cartridge usage times (χ 2 = 110.73, P < 0.001). Among the 10 773 surveyed households, the filter cartridges replacement department covered 10 470 households, accounting for 97.19% (10 470/10 773). Conclusions:In Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the physical and chemical water improvement areas of drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis are widely distributed, and the normal usage rate of household water purifiers is relatively high. The qualified rate of water fluoride in household water purifiers with filter cartridges used for more than one year is low.

Objective:To investigate the epidemic status of drinking-tea type endemic fluorosis (fluorosis for short) in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (Inner Mongolia for short), and to provide theoretical basis and basic data for formulation and evaluation of prevention and control measures.Methods:From May to October 2022, a cross-sectional survey was conducted in key areas (168 administrative villages in 6 leagues or cities) identified in the 2019 regional census with tea drinking habits, daily per capita intake of tea fluoride > 3.5 mg, and patients with skeletal fluorosis. The drinking condition of brick tea in 10 households of each administrative village was investigated, and the brick tea samples were collected to detect fluoride level. The prevalence of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 - 12 and skeletal fluorosis in adults aged 16 and older was investigated, and urine samples of patients with skeletal fluorosis were collected to detect urinary fluoride levels.Results:Totally 98.40% (1 657/1 684) of the households in the surveyed areas had a habit of drinking brick tea, with an annual per capita consumption of brick tea and a daily per capita intake of tea fluoride of 5.07 kg and 5.38 mg, respectively. The qualified rate of fluoride level in brick tea samples was 55.64% (922/1 657), the average fluoride level of all other brick tea varieties exceeded the national standard limit (300 mg/kg) except for black brick tea (291.08 mg/kg). Totally 2 747 children aged 8 to 12 were examined, with a detection rate of 13.91% (382/2 747) for dental fluorosis. The disease was mainly mild. There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of dental fluorosis among different age groups (χ 2 = 5.53, P = 0.238). Totally 71 708 adults aged 16 and older were examined, and the detection rate of skeletal fluorosis was 1.02% (734/71 708). Patients were mainly aged between 50 and 70 years old, and the condition in each age group was mainly mild. Totally 715 urine samples of skeletal fluorosis patients were collected and tested, and 55.24% (395/715) of the urine samples had fluoride levels higher than 1.6 mg/L. Conclusions:In Inner Mongolia, the proportion of high fluoride brick tea in endemic areas of drinking-tea type fluorosis is high. The detection rates of dental fluorosis in children and skeletal fluorosis in adults are relatively high. The prevention and control situation of drinking-tea type fluorosis is still serious.

Objective:To investigate the construction of containing CT imaging features Nomograms model of postoperative intraluminal thromus (ILT) formation in patients with aortic dissective aneurysm (ADA).Methods:One hundred and twenty patients with Stanford type B ADA treated with overlapping stent endoluminal repair and multilayer spiral CT (MSCT) examination in Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical College from May 2020 to February 2022 were selected. The patients were divided into the modeling population (84 patients) and the validation population (36 patients) according to a 7∶3 ratio. The factors influencing postoperative ILT formation in ADA patients were analyzed by univariate and Logistic multifactor regression models, and the prediction model of postoperative ILT formation was constructed based on the influencing factors.Results:In the modeled population, the rate of ILT formation within 1 month after luminal repair with overlapping stents was 27.38%(23/84), including 5 cases in the aortic arch and 18 cases in the abdominal aorta. In the modeled population, the results of univariate analysis showed that the sex, age, body mass index(BMI), smoking, drinking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, rupture diameter, rupture distance from left subclavicular artery, involvement of important branches, uneven thickening of aneurysm wall, low density on plain scan and operation timing between the ILT formation group and non-ILT formation group had no statistically significant ( P>0.05). The diabetes mellitus, irregular inner wall, calcified plaque, postoperative anticoagulant therapy, B-type brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), fibrinogen (Fib), D-dimer (D-D) and C-reactive protein (CRP) between the two groups had statistical differences: 43.48%(10/23) vs. 11.48%(7/61), 86.96%(20/23) vs. 57.38%(35/61), 91.30%(21/23) vs. 62.30%(38/61), 21.74%(5/23) vs. 57.38%(35/61), (523.60 ± 128.74) ng/L vs.(271.83 ± 109.65) ng/L, (3.82 ± 0.96) g/L vs. (2.85 ± 0.83) g/L, (601.37 ± 75.62) μg/L vs. (389.20 ± 68.79)μg/L, (0.63 ± 0.19) mg/L vs. (0.48 ± 0.15) mg/L, P<0.05. The results of Logistic multifactor regression analysis showed that diabetes mellitus, irregular inner wall, calcified plaque, postoperative anticoagulant therapy and BNP, Fib, D-D CRP levels were influential factors for postoperative ILT formation in Stanford type B ADA patients ( P<0.05). The C-index of the model was 0.903 and 0.894 for the modeled and validated populations, respectively, which had good discrimination and was good at predicting ILT formation after operation in Stanford type B ADA patients. The model had good clinical utility in predicting postoperative ILT formation in Stanford B ADA patients. Conclusions:The Nomograms model can help to screen and identify patients with high risk of ILT formation at an early clinical stage.

Objective:To investigate the epidemic scope and intensity of drinking water type endemic arsenic poisoning in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, as well as the prevalence and influencing factors, in order to provide scientific basis for precise formulation of prevention and control measures.Methods:A sampling survey was conducted on residents' drinking water in all villages and counties in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, water samples were selected according to different water supply methods (engineering water supply, physical and chemical water purification, and decentralized water supply), and the arsenic content was detected by atomic fluorescence method. The "Diagnosis of Endemic Arsenicosis" (WS/T 211-2015) was used for diagnosis of arsenic poisoning among all permanent residents who were exposing to or had been exposed to excessively high arsenic water, in order to search all the arsenic poisoning patients. Analyze the distribution of water arsenic in the historical disease areas and high arsenic villages and newly discovered high arsenic villages, and explore the prevalence and influencing factors of arsenic poisoning.Results:There were a total of 1 186 historical disease areas and high arsenic villages in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, mainly distributed in 28 banner counties of 8 league cities such as Bayannur, Hohhot and Baotou, with a regional distribution trend of more in the west and less in the east. At present, the water improvement rate in the historical disease areas and high arsenic villages was 98.23% (1 165/1 186), and the qualified rate of arsenic content in the water was 99.83% (1 184/1 186). The arsenic content in the water of historical disease areas and high arsenic villages ranged from 0.000 to 0.093 mg/L. Four newly discovered villages with arsenic exceeding standards had been found, and their arsenic content ranged from 0.074 to 0.142 mg/L. A total of 2 249 patients with arsenic poisoning were detected in the confirmed disease area/high arsenic villages, and the detection rate was 1.67% (2 249/134 645). The number of patients in Bayannur City was the largest with the most severe disease, accounting for 82.70% (1 860/2 249). Patients aged 60 and above accounted for 61.41% of the total cases (1 381/2 249), which was higher than other age groups (χ 2 = 840.52, P < 0.001). The detection rate of arsenic poisoning was higher in males than in females (χ 2 = 132.38, P < 0.001). There are statistically significant differences in the detection rate and severity distribution of arsenic poisoning patients among different water arsenic content groups(χ 2 = 1 557.85, 1 741.05, P < 0.001). Conclusions:After years of prevention and control work, the arsenic content in most historical disease areas and high arsenic villages in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region is currently qualified, and some areas have water arsenic exceeding standards or newly discovered villages with arsenic exceeding standards. At the same time, there are still a large number of arsenic poisoning patients in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. In the future, the prevention and control of endemic arsenic poisoning in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region cannot be relaxed, and it is necessary to strengthen water quality monitoring and improve water quality in newly discovered villages with arsenic exceeding standards to prevent the occurrence of new cases.

Objective:To study the effects of water fluoride and tea fluoride on the occurrence of dental fluorosis in children, and to provide a basis for scientific prevention and control of the disease.Methods:From April to September 2020, Baolongshan Town with qualified water fluoride but no habit of drinking brick tea, Xingyao Town with qualified water fluoride and habit of drinking brick tea, Baokang Town with exceeded water fluoride but no habit of drinking brick tea, and Wuliyasitai Town with exceeded water fluoride and habit of drinking brick tea were selected as survey sites in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region based on historical monitoring data. In all Gacha (villages) of 4 towns, a survey was carried out on residents' drinking water, brick tea drinking habits and children's dental fluorosis detection, and the water fluoride, tea fluoride exceeding standard rates, daily per capita intake of brick tea fluoride and the detection rate of children's dental fluorosis were calculated. At the same time, multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors affecting the occurrence of dental fluorosis in children.Results:In 2020, a total of 165 water samples were collected in 4 towns of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and the total water fluoride exceeding standard rate was 38.18% (63/165). A total of 320 tea samples were collected, the tea fluoride exceeding standard rates in Xingyao Town and Wuliyasitai Town were 96.38% (213/221) and 89.90% (89/99), respectively; the daily per capita intake of brick tea fluoride was 5.67 and 7.35 mg, respectively. A total of 1 652 children were examined for dental fluorosis, and 639 cases were detected, the detection rate was 38.68%. The detection rates of dental fluorosis in boys and girls were 37.18% (322/866) and 40.33% (317/786), respectively, with no significant difference between sexes (χ 2 = 1.72, P = 0.104); the detection rates of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 - 12 years were 43.93% (105/239), 40.50% (147/363), 46.57% (163/350), 30.56% (88/288) and 33.01% (136/412), respectively, with statistical significant difference among ages (χ 2 = 26.07, P < 0.001); the detection rates of dental fluorosis in children in Baolongshan, Baokang, Xingyao and Wuliyasitai towns were 0.68% (2/293), 14.09% (31/220), 24.79% (89/359) and 66.28% (517/780), respectively, with statistical significant differences among regions (χ 2 = 213.05, P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that when the fluoride content in water was 1.2 - < 2.0, 2.0 - < 2.5, and ≥2.5 mg/L, the risk of dental fluorosis in children was 3.93, 6.60, and 9.02 times of water fluoride content < 1.2 mg/L; when the daily per capita intakes of brick tea fluoride was 3.6 - 7.0 and > 7.0 mg, the risk of dental fluorosis in children was 2.94 and 3.90 times of daily per capita intakes of brick tea fluoride ≤3.5 mg; the risk of dental fluorosis in children aged 10 years was 1.81 times of children aged 8 years; the risk of dental fluorosis in children in Xingyao, Baokang, and Wuliyasitai towns was 22.35, 40.93, and 151.58 times of Baolongshan Town, respectively. Conclusions:The prevalence of dental fluorosis in children still exists in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and the detection rate of dental fluorosis is high. High water fluoride and high tea fluoride are the main risk factors for dental fluorosis in children.

Objective:To investigate the distribution of fluoride content in water and dental fluorosis in children and skeletal fluorosis in adults in drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.Methods:From April to November 2021, all natural villages in the drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis areas of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were investigated on the status quo of water improvement and water fluoride monitoring. At the same time, all children aged 8 - 12 and adults aged 18 and older were examined for dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis, respectively, and the detection rates were calculated.Results:There were 9 465 villages in drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis areas in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, among which 8 920 villages had completed the water improvement, with a water improvement rate of 94.24% (8 920/9 465); 8 664 villages had completed the water improvement with qualified water fluoride, and the qualified rate of water improvement was 97.13% (8 664/8 920). A total of 80 915 children aged 8 - 12 in the villages underwent dental fluorosis examination, and 4 868 children were diagnosed with dental fluorosis, with a detection rate of 6.02%. A total of 3 545 915 adults aged 18 and older in the villages were examined for skeletal fluorosis, and 3 567 adults were diagnosed with skeletal fluorosis, with a detection rate of 0.10%.Conclusion:The water improvement rate and qualified rate of water improvement in drinking water-borne endemic fluorosis areas in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region are high, while both of the detection rates of dental fluorosis in children and skeletal fluorosis in adults are relatively low.