Objective: To classify the ABO blood group phenotypes of 5 cases from a family, and to explore the molecular mechanism for reduced B antigen expression in ABO blood group system. Methods: Serological identification of the ABO blood group was performed using microcolumn gel assay and saline tube method. The soluble antigens in saliva were detected by the agglutination inhibition assay. The full-length sequences and upstream promoter regions of ABO gene were sequenced for genotyping using PacBio SMRT sequencing technology. Results: The results of serological tests indicated the expression of B antigen decreased in 3 out of 5 blood samples. A mixed-field agglutination was observed with anti-B antibody. B antigen was not detected in all 5 saliva samples. The ABO genotype for all samples were ABO B.01/ABO O.01.02, and a novel mutation c. 28+5875C>T within the DNA-binding region of RUNX1 in +5.8-kb site were found in the B allele for 3 samples with reduced expression of B antigen. Conclusion: Results of serological and genetic analyses classify the 3 cases with reduced B antigen expression as B phenotype. The novel mutation c. 28+5875C>T of RUNX1 could be the key reason for reduced B antigen expression in 3 cases with B phenotype.

With the widespread adoption of low-dose CT screening and the extensive application of high-resolution CT, the detection rate of sub-centimeter lung nodules has significantly increased. How to scientifically manage these nodules while avoiding overtreatment and diagnostic delays has become an important clinical issue. Among them, lung nodules with a consolidation tumor ratio less than 0.25, dominated by ground-glass shadows, are particularly worthy of attention. The therapeutic challenge for this group is how to achieve precise and complete resection of nodules during surgery while maximizing the preservation of the patient's lung function. The "watershed topography map" is a new technology based on big data and artificial intelligence algorithms. This method uses Dicom data from conventional dose CT scans, combined with microscopic (22-24 levels) capillary network anatomical watershed features, to generate high-precision simulated natural segmentation planes of lung sub-segments through specific textures and forms. This technology forms fluorescent watershed boundaries on the lung surface, which highly fit the actual lung anatomical structure. By analyzing the adjacent relationship between the nodule and the watershed boundary, real-time, visually accurate positioning of the nodule can be achieved. This innovative technology provides a new solution for the intraoperative positioning and resection of lung nodules. This consensus was led by four major domestic societies, jointly with expert teams in related fields, oriented to clinical practical needs, referring to domestic and foreign guidelines and consensus, and finally formed after multiple rounds of consultation, discussion, and voting. The main content covers the theoretical basis of the "watershed topography map" technology, indications, operation procedures, surgical planning details, and postoperative evaluation standards, aiming to provide scientific guidance and exploration directions for clinical peers who are currently or plan to carry out lung nodule resection using the fluorescent microscope watershed analysis method.

AIM: To investigate the research status and hotspots in the field of ocular trauma over the past two decades using bibliometric software CiteSpace and VOSviewer.METHODS: A bibliometric study. Relevant literature on ocular trauma published in the past 20 a was retrieved from the CNKI database and Web of Science Core Collection in June 2025. EndNote X9 was used for literature management and verification. Microsoft Office Excel 2019 was employed for data management and statistics, with graphical representations created for frequency data. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were utilized to construct and analyze visual maps of authors, institutions, countries/regions, journals, and keywords.RESULTS: A total of 3 437 valid articles were included(911 in Chinese, 2 526 in English). English publications grew at an average annual rate of 12.7%(peak: 289 articles in 2021), while Chinese articles decreased from 31.2% in 2005(peak: 149 articles)to 6.3% in 2024. Chinese scholars showed an early surge in output but a subsequent declining trend, necessitating enhanced sustained research investment and translational outcomes. The United States(682 articles), China(272 articles), and India(206 articles)formed a core collaborative triangle, with a transnational collaboration rate of 68.2%. Six author clusters(e.g., Yan Hua/Zhang Maonian, et al.)demonstrated strong intra-group collaboration but minimal inter-group cooperation. Analysis of high-frequency keywords and burst terms revealed six global research hotspots: 1)ocular trauma score and minimally invasive vitrectomy; 2)optical coherence tomography(OCT)/ultrasound biomicroscopy(UBM)-guided diagnosis and management of intraocular foreign bodies; 3)amniotic membrane transplantation for chemical injury repair; 4)multimodal assessment of corneal perforation injuries; 5)inflammatory indicators for diagnosing endophthalmitis as a traumatic complication; 6)family-based interventions for preventing and controlling pediatric ocular trauma. Trends indicate a shift in research focus from emergency care toward artificial substitutes and full-cycle nursing rehabilitation.CONCLUSION: Differences in research outputs between China and other countries reflect imbalances in prevention policies and medical resource allocation. China should strengthen sustained investment and overcome collaboration barriers to jointly advance ocular trauma research toward full-cycle precision management.

Objective To explore the connection between immune-related plasma proteins and Parkinson's disease.Methods By analyzing genome-wide association study data of 4907 immune-related plasma proteins,we assessed their direct impact on the risk of Parkinson's disease.Single-nucleus RNA sequencing data were also utilized for protein expression analysis.Results Four im-mune-related proteins,cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor(CDNF),cathepsin B(CTSB),im-munoglobulin G Fc receptor 2a(FCGR2A),and hemoglobin beta subunit(HBB),were identified to be associated with the risk of Parkinson's disease.Among them,increased expression levels of CDNF,CTSB and HBB were found to decrease the risk(OR=0.871,95％CI:0.779-0.973,P=0.015;OR=0.835,95％CI:0.758-0.920,P=0.001;OR=0.735,95％CI:0.631-0.857,P=0.001),whereas increased level of FCGR2A was associated with a higher risk of PD(OR=1.137,95％CI:1.058-1.223,P=0.001).Singl e-cell sequencing analyzes protein expression and its dis-tribution among different cell types in the brain.CDNF and CTSB exhibit high expression levels in multiple brain cell types,FCGR2A is predominantly expressed in brain microglia and HBB shows minimal expression in the brain.Conclusion There are potential links between the four proteins CDNF,CTSB,FCGR2A and HBB and the risk of Parkinson's disease.Our results emphasize that the genetic risk variants of Parkinson's disease influence the disease's occurrence by modulating the expression of these immune-related proteins.Additionally,single-cell expression data reveal the expression patterns of these target proteins in the brain.

According to the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) standards, the Newborn Working Group of the ILAE put forward 6 necessary questions about the management of neonatal anti-seizure medication and gave evidence-based recommendations in 2023. The basic framework is systematic review+expert consensus. The clinical recommendations of ILAE guidelines 2023 and the similarities and differences between ILAE guidelines 2023 and ILAE guidelines 2011 were analyzed and interpreted in this paper, in order to provide reference for colleagues involved in neonatal convulsion management in China.

The seat of human intelligence is the human cerebral cortex, which is responsible for our exceptional cognitive abilities. Identifying principles that lead to the development of the large-sized human cerebral cortex will shed light on what makes the human brain and species so special. The remarkable increase in the number of human cortical pyramidal neurons and the size of the human cerebral cortex is mainly because human cortical radial glial cells, primary neural stem cells in the cortex, generate cortical pyramidal neurons for more than 130 days, whereas the same process takes only about 7 days in mice. The molecular mechanisms underlying this difference are largely unknown. Here, we found that bone morphogenic protein 7 (BMP7) is expressed by increasing the number of cortical radial glial cells during mammalian evolution (mouse, ferret, monkey, and human). BMP7 expression in cortical radial glial cells promotes neurogenesis, inhibits gliogenesis, and thereby increases the length of the neurogenic period, whereas Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling promotes cortical gliogenesis. We demonstrate that BMP7 signaling and SHH signaling mutually inhibit each other through regulation of GLI3 repressor formation. We propose that BMP7 drives the evolutionary expansion of the mammalian cortex by increasing the length of the neurogenic period.
Animals ; Mice ; Humans ; Ependymoglial Cells/metabolism* ; Hedgehog Proteins/metabolism* ; Ferrets/metabolism* ; Cerebral Cortex ; Neurogenesis ; Mammals/metabolism* ; Neuroglia/metabolism* ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7/metabolism*

Glutamate-ammonia ligase (GLUL, also known as glutamine synthetase) is a crucial enzyme that catalyzes ammonium and glutamate into glutamine in the ATP-dependent condensation. Although GLUL plays a critical role in multiple cancers, the expression and function of GLUL in gastric cancer remain unclear. In the present study, we have found that the expression level of GLUL was significantly lower in gastric cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, and correlated with N stage and TNM stage, and low GLUL expression predicted poor survival for gastric cancer patients. Knockdown of GLUL promoted the growth, migration, invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, and vice versa, which was independent of its enzyme activity. Mechanistically, GLUL competed with β-Catenin to bind to N-Cadherin, increased the stability of N-Cadherin and decreased the stability of β-Catenin by alerting their ubiquitination. Furthermore, there were lower N-Cadherin and higher β-Catenin expression levels in gastric cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. GLUL protein expression was correlated with that of N-Cadherin, and could be the independent prognostic factor in gastric cancer. Our findings reveal that GLUL stabilizes N-Cadherin by antagonizing β-Catenin to inhibit the progress of gastric cancer.

Objective In the traditional laboratory zoology lecture environment,there is less teacher-student interaction,less student interest,and less engagement in learning.To improve the teaching quality of laboratory animal science,this teaching and research department was based on different teaching environments of multimedia and intelligent classrooms,theoretical course teaching of Medical Laboratory Animal Science as the research object,the course lecture format,teaching mode,teaching method,and other aspects of innovation and exploration.Methods This study used questionnaires to understand changes in student engagement in learning and preferences for smart classroom use,and NVivo qualitative analysis software was used to code student classroom behavior.Results The smart teaching environment resulted in higher student interest and more frequent teacher-student interaction in the classroom.Students were significantly more engaged in learning than in traditional teaching with higher correct rates on in-class and post-lesson exercises and a better grasp of concepts related to laboratory animal science.Conclusions A smart teaching environment brings students a better feeling and experience,improves their interest in laboratory animal science,increases classroom learning engagement,and achieves good teaching result.

Objective:This study aimed to explore the status of radiological Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) among school-aged children in Chamdo City, Tibet, through a 3-year monitoring survey, providing epidemiological evidence for prevention and control strategies.Methods:The target areas for this study were Luolong, Bianba, and Basu counties in Chamdo City, Tibet Autonomous Region, identified as having the most severe historical cases of KBD. Children aged 7-12 years attending school were enrolled as study subjects. Anteroposterior X-ray films of the right-hand were taken, and radiological diagnoses were made based on the "Diagnosis of Kashin-Beck Disease" criteria (WS/T 207-2010). Two experienced researchers independently reviewed the X-rays, and intra- and inter-group consistency were assessed using weighted Kappa values and percentage agreement. Cross-sectional surveys were conducted in 2017 and 2020 to describe the X-ray detection rates of KBD, and logistic regression analysis was employed to construct a predictive model of risk factors for radiological KBD cases.Results:In 2017, a total of 5,711 children aged 7-12 years in Chamdo City, Tibet, participated in the baseline cross-sectional survey (average age 9.2 years, 48.0% female), with 28 cases of radiological KBD. The age- and gender-standardized prevalence rate was 0.527%. In 2020, 6,771 participants (average age 9.3 years, 49.5% female) underwent a second cross-sectional survey, with 9 cases of radiological KBD and a standardized prevalence rate of 0.134%. Logistic regression analysis indicated that older age [ OR=2.439, 95% CI(1.299, 4.580), P=0.006] and female gender [ OR=8.157, 95% CI(1.016, 65.528), P=0.048] were independent risk factors for radiological KBD cases. Conversely, higher residential altitude, under the premise of Tibet's high altitude, was a protective factor [ OR=0.995, 95% CI(0.990, 0.999), P=0.032). Conclusion:The radiographically positive detection rate of KBD among school-aged children in Chamdo City, Tibet Autonomous Region, is at an extremely low level and showing a declining trend, reaching the historical standard in 2020. Considering the absence of positive signs in affected children, it suggests that local KBD has been effectively eliminated.

Retzius-sparing robot assisted radical prostatectomy (RS-RARP) can significantly improve the immediate urinary continence without increasing the positive rate of surgical margin.However, the learning curve is long, and fewer than 10% of the surgeons can master it.Therefore,we have optimized the procedures of RS-RARP, applying radical prostatectomy with retrograde release of neurovascular bundle to preserve it to the maximum extent.Urethral anastomosis can be performed with only one suture, which eliminates the need for Hem-o-lok and reduces subsequent complications.Our team routinely carries out this operation, and conlcudes that this surgical method can achieve good tumor control, good urinary continence, fast recovery of sexual function, few complications, and strong operability.This article details the key steps and operation experience of this technique.