Objective: To establish a machine learning-based precision blood donor recruitment model at the county level and assess its generalizability and applicability. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using blood donation and SMS recruitment data from the Taicang Branch of the Suzhou Blood Center between 2019 and 2024. Multiple machine learning algorithms were employed, including extreme gradient boosting, support vector machine, k-nearest neighbor, logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, and multilayer perceptron. These were combined with techniques such as synthetic minority oversampling, undersampling, and cost-sensitive learning (using MFE and MSFE loss functions). Model parameters were optimized through grid search to identify the best-performing model. Results: In a prospective comparative study against conventional methods, the machine learning models increased the recruitment success rate among high-willingness donors by an average of 129.15%, and the recruitment efficiency per SMS improved by 125.02% compared with the traditional method. Under full-scale SMS sending, the recruitment rate per SMS increased by 42.61%, and SMS sending efficiency improved by 31.77%, significantly enhancing recruitment performance. Conclusion: This study represents the first application of a machine learning-based precision donor recruitment model at the county-level in China. The precise recruitment framework not only improves recruitment efficiency and reduces recruitment costs but also demonstrates strong scalability and generalizability. It provides a scientific and feasible intelligent pathway to ensure the safety and sustainability of the blood supply.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between the expression level of endotoxin and soluble interleukin-2 receptor(sIL-2R)and the occurrence of suppurative otitis media in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy.METHODS Seventy-nine nasopharyngeal cancer patients who received radiotherapy in Nanyang Downtown Hospital between January 2022 and July 2023 were selected as the study subjects,and they were followed up for a period of 1 year,and then grouped according to the occurrence of suppurative otitis media during the follow-up period,i.e.,21 cases in the occurringgroup and 58 cases in the non-occurring group,and the baseline data of patients in the two groups were compared,and the levels of endotoxin and sIL-2R were detected at the end of radiotherapy and analyze the relationship between endotoxin,sIL-2R and the occurrence of purulent otitis media after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.RESULTS A total of 21 cases(26.58%)of 79 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients developed suppurative otitis media after radiotherapy.Compared with the non-occurrence group,the radiotherapy time,endotoxin,sIL-2R,TNM stage Ⅲ,Eustachian tube involvement,nasal cavity structural abnormality,inflammatory reaction,and palatal sail tensor atrophy degree≥30%were high in the occurrence group,and the difference was statistically significant(all P<0.05).The results of logistic multifactorial analysis showed that inflammatory reaction,endotoxin,abnormal nasal structure,TNM stage(Ⅲ),sIL-2R,Eustachian tube involvement,duration of radiotherapy,and degree of atrophy of palatofacial tensor atrophy≥30%were all risk factors for suppurative otitis media.The results of Spearman's rank correlation analysis showed that endotoxin and sIL-2R were positively correlated with the occurrence of septic otitis media(r=0.493,0.516,P<0.001).Analysis using the ROC curve showed that:endotoxin:AUC value:0.657,sensitivity:61.90%,specificity:72.41%,accuracy:69.62%,95%CI=0.523-0.791;sIL-2R:AUC value:0.697,sensitivity:71.43%,specificity:67.24%,accuracy:68.35%,95%CI=0.566-0.829;combined test:AUC value:0.804,sensitivity:95.24%,specificity:65.52%,accuracy:73.42%,95%CI=0.705-0.903,the best value of the two combined tests.CONCLUSION The elevated levels of endotoxin and sIL-2R in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy may be associated with suppurative otitis media.

The rapid development of digital intelligence technology has brought profound changes to medical edu-cation.Against this background,this study mainly focuses on the characteristics of digital and intelligent medical talent training and to analyzes its impact on teachers' teaching methodology.This puts forward some innovative sug-gestions based on the current technology development and application in order to improve the strategy development and capacity building in terms of support medical education and reformation with digital and intelligence technology.

Objective: To discover molecular markers associated with lung adenocarcinoma diagnosis/prognosis and drug resistance through screening of differentially expressed genes based on published chip data in gene expression databases using bioinformatics methods. Methods: Comprehensive analysis was performed in available mRNA microarray datasets including lung adenocarcinoma tissues dataset GSE32863 and lung adenocarcinoma taxane-platin resistance dataset GSE77209 from the gene expression omnibus(GEO) database. Gene ontology enrichment analysis, gene pathway enrichment analysis and protein interaction network analysis were performed based on significantly correlated genes. The expression level of genes was validated in the cancer genome atlas(TCGA) dataset. Survival differences were assessed by the log-rank test in TCGA lung adenocarcinoma dataset. Based on the publications genomics of drug sensitivity in cancer(GDSC) database in CellMiner cross database(CellMiner CDB), Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between differentially expressed genes and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration(IC50) of anticancer drugs. Results : There were a total of 77 genes which had a different expression in resistance lung adenocarcinoma cells and lung adenocarcinoma cancer tissues. The functional enrichment analysis showed that these co-different expression genes were mainly enriched in microtubule, extracellular exosome, cell cycle and signaling by nuclear receptors. Protein-protein interactions(PPI) network screened 6 most connected genes as molecular complex(MCODE). Among the MCODE, overexpressed ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 T(UBE2T), kinesin family member 20A(KIF20A), PCNA clamp associated factor(KIAA0101), pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1(PTTG1) and NIMA related kinase 2(NEK2) were associated with poor outcomes. Survival analysis results showed that these five genes were upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and drug-resistant cells and were significantly associated with poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Drug sensitivity analysis results suggested that high expression of PTTG1 and UBE2T was significantly associated with sensitivity to multiple anticancer drugs, including paclitaxel and docetaxel. RT-PCR validation showed that PTTG1 andUBE2T were highly expressed in docetaxel-resistant cells A549-TXR and H358-TXR. Conclusion PTTG1 andUBE2T holds the potential to be chemoresistance markers in lung adenocarcinoma.

Rheumatoid arthritis （RA） is a systemic autoimmune disease with local joint pain as the main clinical manifestation. It is one of the diseases specifically responding to traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. The occurrence of RA is not only related to innate factors like genetic disorder but also associated with environmental factors， such as diets and microbial infection. The intestine， a vital human organ with digestive and immune functions， is a place where microorganisms colonize and exert intestinal metabolism-improving， barrier-protecting， and immunomodulatory effects. As the research on the onset and treatment of RA is deepening， the potential relationship of intestinal structural and functional abnormalities with the pathogenesis and progression of RA has been revealed. As clinical and experimental studies indicated， joint inflammation coexists with the impaired barrier function， imbalanced immune cells， and disordered gut microbiota. The theory of the gut-joint axis in the pathogenesis， progression， and treatment of RA is highly consistent with the holistic view in TCM. The recent pharmacological studies have shown that Chinese medicine prescriptions and active components can inhibit inflammation， protect joints， and maintain the intestinal function. This article summarizes the basic connotation of the gut-joint axis in RA and the mechanism by which TCM protect the intestinal barrier and modulate the immunity by regulating the gut microbiota structure and improving microbial metabolism in the treatment of RA. This review gives insights into the future research on the gut-joint axis in RA.

Perimenopausal syndrome （MPS）， a common endocrine system disease， is one of the diseases responding specifically to traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. The China Association of Chinese Medicine organized experts in endocrinology， gynecology， and interdisciplinary fields of both Western and Chinese medicine to discuss the advantages and challenges of diagnosing and treating MPS with Western medicine， TCM， and integrative medicine. Experts at the conference believe that MPS is initiated by estrogen decline and rooted in deficiency， with the pathogenesis being imbalance between Yin and Yang in the kidney. The hormone replacement therapy in Western medicine for menopause can rapidly alleviate related symptoms by quickly restoring the estrogen level and timely detect and delay complications of menopause， whereas such a therapy has certain risks， necessitating close monitoring of adverse reactions. Moreover， the various contraindications and precautions limit the clinical application of the hormone replacement therapy. TCM has advantages in synergistically alleviating symptoms such as hot flashes， sweating， sleep disorders， and emotional abnormalities of MPS without causing obvious adverse reactions. However， its efficacy is slower than the hormone replacement therapy， and the TCM evidence for preventing and treating complications of menopause remains unclear. Three suggestions were proposed for the future development of both Western and TCM for ameliorating MPS. First， an integrated diagnosis and treatment system for MPS with both Western and Chinese medicine should be established. Second， high-quality evidence-based interventions for MPS should be developed with TCM alone or in combination with Western medicine. Third， efforts should be made to promote the new TCM drug development and the interdisciplinary cooperation for treating MPS.

Background and objective The proportion of patients carrying driver gene mutations is notably high among individuals with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)in China.However,the current neoadjuvant treatment strategies for these patients lack evident benefits.This study aims to investigate the efficacy and adverse reactions of neoadjuvant immu-nochemotherapy in patients with driver gene-positive NSCLC,thereby exploring its potential therapeutic value.Methods A total of 50 patients from two centers were retrospectively collected to compare the efficacy and adverse reactions among driver gene-positive NSCLC patients after different treatments and further explore the response to neoadjuvant immunochemo-therapy among different EGFR-sensitive subtypes.Results A total of 50 patients from two centers were included in this study.Among the 40 patients from Peking University People's Hospital(PKUPH),21 received neoadjuvant immunotherapy,with 57.1％ showing partial response on imaging.The major pathological response(MPR)rate after neoadjuvant immunochemo-therapy was 38.1％ ,and pathological complete response(pCR)was only observed in this group.No significant differences were noted in adverse events or their impact on surgical difficulty among different treatments.Additionally,10 patients from Hunan Cancer Hospital(HNCA)were included to analyze the differences in efficiency among EGFR-sensitive subtypes under various neoadjuvant strategies.No significant radiological response differences were observed between neoadjuvant immunotherapy and targeted therapy.However,patients with the L858R mutation exhibited MPR and pCR only after receiving immuno-therapy,surpassing targeted therapy outcomes,while no significant differences were found among 19del patients.Conclusion Under the premise of not exacerbating adverse effects,neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy achieved superior rates of MPR and pCR,with long-term survival comparable to targeted therapy.

Cancer is a major global health issue. Effective therapeutic strategies can prolong patients’ survival and reduce the costs of treatment. Drug repurposing, which identifies new therapeutic uses for approved drugs, is a promising approach with the advantages of reducing research costs, shortening development time, and increasing efficiency and safety. Disulfiram (DSF), a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug used to treat chronic alcoholism, has a great potential as an anticancer drug by targeting diverse human malignancies. Several studies show the antitumor effects of DSF, particularly the combination of DSF and copper (DSF/Cu), on a wide range of cancers such as glioblastoma (GBM), breast cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, and melanoma. In this review, we summarize the antitumor mechanisms of DSF/Cu, including induction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and various cell death signaling pathways, and inhibition of proteasome activity, as well as inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling. Furthermore, we highlight the ability of DSF/Cu to target cancer stem cells (CSCs), which provides a new approach to prevent tumor recurrence and metastasis. Strikingly, DSF/Cu inhibits several molecular targets associated with drug resistance, and therefore it is becoming a novel option to increase the sensitivity of chemo-resistant and radio-resistant patients. Studies of DSF/Cu may shed light on its improved application to clinical tumor treatment.

Circular RNA has the advantages of a simple synthesis method,high stability,and continuous and stable expression over linear mRNA,and has great potential for application in microbial infection vaccines,tumor vac-cines,protein replacement therapy,etc.In recent years,circular RNA has become a hotspot in the field of nucleic acid drugs.The cyclization technique of RNA is the key to the synthesis of circular RNA in vitro.The cyclization strategy has an important impact on cyclization efficiency,immunogenicity,protein expression,etc.,which limits the basic research and clinical application of circular RNA.This paper provides a systematic review of several cyclization strategies including the chemical method,enzyme method,and ribozyme method.The reaction conditions,cyclization process,cyclization ef-ficiency,and immunogenicity of each cyclization technology were analyzed.At present,the ideal circular RNA formation strategy still faces many challenges.However,studies have confirmed that circular RNA has better stability and stronger immune effects than linear mRNA in the fields of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccine and anti-tumor vaccine.Consequently,circular RNA has become a novel nucleic acid drug molecule with great potential.This research provides valuable insights for optimizing and expanding the research and clinical application of circular RNA.

Objective To retrieve,evaluate and summarize the relevant evidence on malnutrition management among maintenance hemodialysis(MHD)patients to provide clinical medical staff with evidence-based guidelines for managing malnutrition in MHD patients.Methods Using the"6S"pyramid model of evidence,We searched UpToDate,BMJ best clinical practice,the Australian JBI evidence-based health care centre database(JBI),Medive,the International Guidelines Collaborative Network(GIN),Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Network,the UK National Institute of Clinical Medicine Guidance Library(NICE),Scottish Inter-College Guide Collaboration network,the Ontario Registered Nurses Association(RNAO),Guidelines Network of International Society of Nephrology,American Nephrology Foundation Guidenet,British Nephrology Society,Society of Nephrology,Chinese Medical Association,Improving Kidney Disease Outcomes Worldwide,International Society of Renal Nutrition and Metabolism,American Society for Parenteral Enteral Nutrition,European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism,Chinese Nutrition Society,PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane Library,CNKI,Wanfang,VIP and CBM,to collect relevant guidelines,expert consensus,clinical decision,evidence summary,recommended practice,best practice,systematic evaluation and clinical practice,from the establishment to the date of April 10th,2023,for literature on malnutrition management of MHD patients.The literature included guidelines,expert consensuses,clinical decision-making studies,evidence summaries,recommended practices,best practices,and systematic reviews.Two researchers independently evaluated,extracted,and integrated the evidence.The evidence was graded by the evidence pre-grading system of the Evidence-based Healthcare Center of Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI).Results A total of 16 articles were included and summarized,comprising 5 guidelines,3 expert consensuses,1 clinical decision-making study,1 evidence summary,and 6 systematic reviews.Thirty-nine pieces of the best evidence were integrated,covering 5 key aspects(39 evidences):screening and assessment,nutritional requirements,nutritional supplement,other interventions,and monitoring and education.Conclusions The best evidence summary of malnutrition management among MHD patients in this study is scientifically rigorous and systematic.Clinical medical staff can use the best evidence to develop personalized malnutrition management programs for MHD patients.