Based on plasma lipidomics combined with machine learning approaches, this study aimed to screen molecular biomarkers for the diagnosis of early-stage lung cancer in elderly patients and to evaluate their diagnostic performance.

OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors for surgical site infections(SSI)in the patients undergoing type Ⅰ incision surgeries of grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ so as to provide theoretical bases for effective prevention and control of SSI.METHODS The clinical data were prospectively collected from 280 patients with SSI who received major type Ⅰ incision surgeries of grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ in the key departments of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University from Jan.2021 to Jun.2024,and randomly from another 280 patients without infec-tions.The enrolled patients were assigned as the infection group and the no infection group,respectively.The clin-ical characteristics of the SSI were analyzed.The baseline data,including sex,age,hypertension,diabetes melli-tus,hyperlipidemia,heart disease,hepatorenal function,nutrition status,preoperative length of hospital stay,operation duration,implantation materials,emergency surgery,intraoperative warm maintenance,microscope,blood loss volume,blood transfusion and postoperative intensive care unit(ICU)stay as well as severe hypopro-teinemia,were collected from the enrolled patients.Univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were per-formed for the influencing factors for the SSI.RESULTS A total of 16,706 patients underwent neurosurgery,or-thopedics and cardiothoracic surgery,280 of whom had SSI,the incidence of SSI was 1.68％.Totally 264 strains of bacteria were isolated,53.03％of which were gram-positive bacteria,46.97％were gram-negative bacteria;Staphylococcus aureus was the most common species of pathogenic bacteria.The result of multivariate logistic a-nalysis showed that the nutrition status,operation duration,microscope,postoperative ICU and severe hypopro-teinemia were the risk factors for the SSI(P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS The SSI is common among the patients un-dergoing type Ⅰ incision surgeries of grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ.It is necessary for the hospital to take targeted interven-tion measures in early stage based on the risk factors.

Objective To explore the efficiency of operating room(OR)and its influencing factors from a phenomeno-logical perspective,proposing corresponding improvement strategies.Methods A phenomenological method was adopted,invol-ving in-depth interviews with 13 surgical team members from a tertiary Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)orthopedic hospital in Henan Province,to collect and analyze their multifaceted understanding of OR efficiency.Results The study demonstrated eight interpretative ways of efficiency among team members.The overall framework was largely organization-oriented,with addi-tional human-centered considerations regarding the factors influencing efficiency.Conclusion A unified understanding is crucial for improving both efficiency and quality.This study suggests strategies to optimize OR processes through lean management and human-centered team development to enhance operating room efficiency.Additionally,it highlights the need for future research to incorporate more patient views.

Objective The aim of this study was to clarify the role and mechanism of Pseudomonas aeruginosa vaccine subunit OprI in the fusion protein vaccine rePO(PcrV-OprI).Methods The in vitro stability of rePO,PcrV and OprI at 4 ℃,25 ℃,and 37 ℃ was examined.After immunizing mice with rePO,OprI and PcrV,respectively,the specific antibody potency in serum and the proportion of cells secreting IFN-γ and IL-4 in the spleen were examined;Additionally,detection of the levels of protein uptake by DC2.4 cells in vitro using laser confocal microscopy and flow cytometry,and their ability to promote the maturation of mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells(BMDC).Results The heat stability of fusion protein rePO was significantly better than that of PcrV.The induced anti-PcrV IgG and anti-OprI IgG potency of rePO was significantly higher than that of monomeric PcrV and OprI.Additionally,the number of cells secreting IFN-γ and IL-4 induced by immunization with rePO was significantly higher than that of PcrV and OprI.The uptake rate of fusion protein rePO by DC2.4 cells was significantly higher than that of PcrV and OprI.Furthermore,rePO promoted the maturation of mouse BMDC more effectively than PcrV and OprI.Conclusion OprI in the fusion protein rePO can significantly improve its thermal stability and immunogenicity,which lays the foundation for the successful development of Pseudomonas aeruginosa vaccine.

Patients with diabetes mellitus are at a significantly elevated risk of developing cognitive impairment,which adversely impacts their quality of life and imposes a substantial burden on the healthcare system.Novel antidiabetic agents,including sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors(SGLT-2i),dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors(DPP-4i),glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs),and dual glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor agonists(e.g.,Tirzepatide),have been shown to not only effectively regulate glycemic control but also mitigate cognitive decline by inhibiting inflammation,reducing oxidative stress,preventing apoptosis,attenuating amyloid β-protein(Aβ)deposition,and suppressing tau protein phosphorylation.

Aimed to find a safe and effective drug to replace nitroimidazole drugs in aquaculture pro-duction for the prevention and treatment of Trichomoniasis in pigeons,which can improve the eco-nomic benefits of meat pigeon breeding and ensure food safety.Firstly,Trichomonas was isolated and cultured from the crop of diseased pigeons and identified.After stable passage,a quantitative method for in vitro detection of Trichomonas was established by combining an automated cell counter and quantitative real-time PCR technology.To prepared the drug,powders of Sophora fla-vescent and Philodendron were made into herbal water extracts(SFPA)and mixed with copper sulfate(CS)solution.Then added the drug to the culture medium of Trichomonas to determine the effective concentration of it.A total of 135 pairs each of Silver King and Mimas breeding pigeons in the same laying period were selected and randomly divided into three groups,with 6 replicates in each group and 15 pairs of breeding pigeons in each replicate.Four days before brooding,the three groups were fed with 200 mL of pure water,0.5 g/L metronidazole(MDZ)solution,and a mixed solution of 30 g/L SFPA and 0.5 g/L CS,respectively.The feeding experiment lasted for 26 d.Results showed that the mixed solution of SFPA and CS had a significant killing effect on Trichomonas in vitro(P＜0.05).Feeding the drug to breeding pigeons significantly reduced the in-fection rate of breeding pigeons by Trichomonas(P＜0.05).The drug had no significant effect on the serum biochemical indexes,antioxidant properties,immunoglobulin levels of breeding pigeons,the average cage weight,immune organ indexes,meat quality and slaughter performance of squabs(P＞0.05).The results suggested that adding SFPA and CS to pigeons can effectively prevent and treat Trichomoniasis and improve production performance.It can replace nitroimidazole drugs without affecting the immune level of breeding pigeons and the weight,immune level,slaughter performance and meat quality of squabs,thereby reduce drug residues in poultry products and en-hance the food safety.

Aimed to find a safe and effective drug to replace nitroimidazole drugs in aquaculture pro-duction for the prevention and treatment of Trichomoniasis in pigeons,which can improve the eco-nomic benefits of meat pigeon breeding and ensure food safety.Firstly,Trichomonas was isolated and cultured from the crop of diseased pigeons and identified.After stable passage,a quantitative method for in vitro detection of Trichomonas was established by combining an automated cell counter and quantitative real-time PCR technology.To prepared the drug,powders of Sophora fla-vescent and Philodendron were made into herbal water extracts(SFPA)and mixed with copper sulfate(CS)solution.Then added the drug to the culture medium of Trichomonas to determine the effective concentration of it.A total of 135 pairs each of Silver King and Mimas breeding pigeons in the same laying period were selected and randomly divided into three groups,with 6 replicates in each group and 15 pairs of breeding pigeons in each replicate.Four days before brooding,the three groups were fed with 200 mL of pure water,0.5 g/L metronidazole(MDZ)solution,and a mixed solution of 30 g/L SFPA and 0.5 g/L CS,respectively.The feeding experiment lasted for 26 d.Results showed that the mixed solution of SFPA and CS had a significant killing effect on Trichomonas in vitro(P＜0.05).Feeding the drug to breeding pigeons significantly reduced the in-fection rate of breeding pigeons by Trichomonas(P＜0.05).The drug had no significant effect on the serum biochemical indexes,antioxidant properties,immunoglobulin levels of breeding pigeons,the average cage weight,immune organ indexes,meat quality and slaughter performance of squabs(P＞0.05).The results suggested that adding SFPA and CS to pigeons can effectively prevent and treat Trichomoniasis and improve production performance.It can replace nitroimidazole drugs without affecting the immune level of breeding pigeons and the weight,immune level,slaughter performance and meat quality of squabs,thereby reduce drug residues in poultry products and en-hance the food safety.

Intergenerational transmission exists within families, which is considered as key factor influencing individual health. Previous studies of intergenerational transmission were diverse and fragmented, in which the impacts of parental health-related characteristics and health risk behaviors on their children and grandchildren were reported, yet there is a lack of systematic reviews based on high-quality epidemiological research. From a population-based cohort perspective, this paper summarizes the theoretical foundations, designs and contents, outcomes, and statistical approaches of research of intergenerational transmission of health to provide theoretical support for the research in this field.

Objective: To retrospectively assess whether a lower hematocrit level (between 18% and 20%) had any impact on the safety of patients undergoing therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), and to further determine the threshold for red blood cell supplementation prior to TPE. Methods: Clinical data from 181 adult patients who underwent TPE treatment at the Department of Blood Transfusion of our hospital from March 2023 to July 2024 were collected. The patients were divided into a study group of 44 patients (Hct ≥18% and <20%) and a control group of 137 patients (Hct≥20%). In two groups, blood volume-related safety indicators including respiration rate, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and blood oxygen saturation levels before and after TPE were compared using t-test. Between-group differences in the grading of adverse reactions such as allergies and hypotension were analyzed using chi-square test. Results: A total of 659 TPE treatments were performed on 181 patients, with 169 TPE treatments on 44 patients in the study group (Hct≥18% and <20%) and 490 TPE treatments on 137 patients in the control group (Hct≥20%). There were no statistically significant differences in age, gender, BMI category, and the presence of cardiac insufficiency between the two groups. In the study group, there were no statistically significant differences in safety indicators such as respiration rate, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and blood oxygen saturation level before and after TPE. In the control group, there were no statistically significant differences in heart rate and systolic blood pressure before and after TPE, but there were statistically significant differences in respiration rate and blood oxygen saturation level (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the grading of adverse reactions such as allergic reactions and hypotension between the two groups. Conclusion: For adult patients with stable conditions, maintaining a lower hematocrit level (Hct ≥18% and <20%) during TPE is relatively safe. It is feasible to lower the TPE red blood cell supplementation threshold to 18%≤Hct<20%，which may save blood resources while potentially benefit patients by avoiding unnecessary red blood cell transfusion.

Intergenerational transmission exists within families, which is considered as key factor influencing individual health. Previous studies of intergenerational transmission were diverse and fragmented, in which the impacts of parental health-related characteristics and health risk behaviors on their children and grandchildren were reported, yet there is a lack of systematic reviews based on high-quality epidemiological research. From a population-based cohort perspective, this paper summarizes the theoretical foundations, designs and contents, outcomes, and statistical approaches of research of intergenerational transmission of health to provide theoretical support for the research in this field.