Objective:To understand the incidence rate of herpes zoster (HZ) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) in Beijing, and analyze the incidence trend of HZ and PHN from 2015 to 2022.Methods:Cases of HZ and PHN from 2015 to 2022 were retrieved from the Hospital Information Systems (HIS) of all primary and above hospitals/clinics in three districts representing the urban, inner suburban, and outer suburban areas of Beijing. After duplication screening, the first visit cases were screened, and the incidence characteristics were described. The incidence rate of HZ and PHN in each year by sex and age group and the age-standardized incidence rate were calculated. The annual percentage increase (APC) of incidence rate was calculated using the Joint regression model, and the change trend was analyzed.Results:The age-standardized incidence rate of HZ in Beijing from 2015 to 2022 ranged from 7.44‰ to 10.05‰, with an average annual incidence rate of 8.95 ‰, significantly increasing with age ( P<0.001). The Joinpoint regression model showed that the overall age-standardized incidence of HZ remained relatively stable, with no significant difference (APC=2.28%, t=1.56, P=0.170). However, the incidence rate among the 0-19-year-old group exhibited a trend of decrease (APC=-10.70%, t=-6.29, P<0.001). For PHN, the age-standardized incidence in Beijing ranged from 0.77‰ to 2.67‰, with an average annual incidence rate of 1.59‰ and a proportion of 9.48% to 26.86% among HZ cases. Both the incidence of PHN and its proportion among HZ cases increased with age ( P<0.001). The age-standardized incidence of PHN increased annually (APC=18.56%, t=9.02, P<0.001). Conclusion:The incidence rate of HZ and PHN in Beijing continues to be at a high level, and PHN shows an increasing trend over time.

Objective To compare the effect of moderate-intensity continuous training(MICT)and high-intensity interval training(HIIT)on gait and balance for stroke patients.Methods From December,2023 to December,2024,96 patients with post-stroke gait and balance dysfunction were se-lected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University,and randomly divided into control group(n=32),MICT group(n=32)and HIIT group(n=32).The control group received routine comprehensive reha-bilitation therapy,while MICT and HIIT groups received additional respective training,for four weeks.They were measured with symmetry indexes(SI)of mean pressure and footprint area during eyes-open and eyes-closed condition,as well as anterior-posterior and medial-lateral displacement of the center of mass,before and after treatment;while they were assessed with Berg Balance Scale(BBS),distance of 6-minute walk test(6MWT),time of Timed Up&Go test(TUGT)and 10-meter walk test(10MWT),and Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremities(FMA-LE).Results The main effects of time(F>351.683,P<0.001)and groups(F>4.945,P<0.05),and the interaction effects(F>16.919,P<0.001)were significant for BBS scores,distance of 6MWT,time of TUGT and 10MWT,and FMA-LE scores;and all the indicators were better in MICT group and HIIT group than in the control group(P<0.05)after treatment,and they were better in HIIT group than in MICT group(P<0.05)except BBS score.Un-der eyes-open condition,the main effects of time(F>64.684,P<0.001)and groups(F>9.472,P<0.001),and the interaction effects(F>10.562,P<0.001)were significant for SI of mean pressure and footprint area,and an-terior-posterior and medial-lateral displacement of the center of mass;and all the indicators were better in MICT group and HIIT group than in the control group(P<0.001)after treatment,and they were better in HIIT group than in MICT group(P<0.05).Under eyes-closed condition,the main effects of time(F>107.730,P<0.001)and groups(F>4.275,P<0.05),and the interaction effects(F>7.985,P<0.05)were significant for SI of mean pressure and footprint area,and anterior-posterior and medial-lateral displacement of the center of mass;and SI of mean pressure was better in HIIT group than in MICT group(P<0.05),the other indicators were better in MICT group and HIIT group than in the control group(P<0.001)after treatment.Conclusion Both HIIT and MICT can improve gait and balance for stroke patients,and HIIT is more effective on gait and static balance with eyes open,but similar on static balance with eyes closed.

Objective:To understand the incidence rate of herpes zoster (HZ) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) in Beijing, and analyze the incidence trend of HZ and PHN from 2015 to 2022.Methods:Cases of HZ and PHN from 2015 to 2022 were retrieved from the Hospital Information Systems (HIS) of all primary and above hospitals/clinics in three districts representing the urban, inner suburban, and outer suburban areas of Beijing. After duplication screening, the first visit cases were screened, and the incidence characteristics were described. The incidence rate of HZ and PHN in each year by sex and age group and the age-standardized incidence rate were calculated. The annual percentage increase (APC) of incidence rate was calculated using the Joint regression model, and the change trend was analyzed.Results:The age-standardized incidence rate of HZ in Beijing from 2015 to 2022 ranged from 7.44‰ to 10.05‰, with an average annual incidence rate of 8.95 ‰, significantly increasing with age ( P<0.001). The Joinpoint regression model showed that the overall age-standardized incidence of HZ remained relatively stable, with no significant difference (APC=2.28%, t=1.56, P=0.170). However, the incidence rate among the 0-19-year-old group exhibited a trend of decrease (APC=-10.70%, t=-6.29, P<0.001). For PHN, the age-standardized incidence in Beijing ranged from 0.77‰ to 2.67‰, with an average annual incidence rate of 1.59‰ and a proportion of 9.48% to 26.86% among HZ cases. Both the incidence of PHN and its proportion among HZ cases increased with age ( P<0.001). The age-standardized incidence of PHN increased annually (APC=18.56%, t=9.02, P<0.001). Conclusion:The incidence rate of HZ and PHN in Beijing continues to be at a high level, and PHN shows an increasing trend over time.

Objective To compare the effect of moderate-intensity continuous training(MICT)and high-intensity interval training(HIIT)on gait and balance for stroke patients.Methods From December,2023 to December,2024,96 patients with post-stroke gait and balance dysfunction were se-lected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University,and randomly divided into control group(n=32),MICT group(n=32)and HIIT group(n=32).The control group received routine comprehensive reha-bilitation therapy,while MICT and HIIT groups received additional respective training,for four weeks.They were measured with symmetry indexes(SI)of mean pressure and footprint area during eyes-open and eyes-closed condition,as well as anterior-posterior and medial-lateral displacement of the center of mass,before and after treatment;while they were assessed with Berg Balance Scale(BBS),distance of 6-minute walk test(6MWT),time of Timed Up&Go test(TUGT)and 10-meter walk test(10MWT),and Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremities(FMA-LE).Results The main effects of time(F>351.683,P<0.001)and groups(F>4.945,P<0.05),and the interaction effects(F>16.919,P<0.001)were significant for BBS scores,distance of 6MWT,time of TUGT and 10MWT,and FMA-LE scores;and all the indicators were better in MICT group and HIIT group than in the control group(P<0.05)after treatment,and they were better in HIIT group than in MICT group(P<0.05)except BBS score.Un-der eyes-open condition,the main effects of time(F>64.684,P<0.001)and groups(F>9.472,P<0.001),and the interaction effects(F>10.562,P<0.001)were significant for SI of mean pressure and footprint area,and an-terior-posterior and medial-lateral displacement of the center of mass;and all the indicators were better in MICT group and HIIT group than in the control group(P<0.001)after treatment,and they were better in HIIT group than in MICT group(P<0.05).Under eyes-closed condition,the main effects of time(F>107.730,P<0.001)and groups(F>4.275,P<0.05),and the interaction effects(F>7.985,P<0.05)were significant for SI of mean pressure and footprint area,and anterior-posterior and medial-lateral displacement of the center of mass;and SI of mean pressure was better in HIIT group than in MICT group(P<0.05),the other indicators were better in MICT group and HIIT group than in the control group(P<0.001)after treatment.Conclusion Both HIIT and MICT can improve gait and balance for stroke patients,and HIIT is more effective on gait and static balance with eyes open,but similar on static balance with eyes closed.

Objective To explore the best neoadjuvant treatment strategy for esophageal cancer and provide a theoretical basis for clinical formulation of neoadjuvant treatment plan. Methods PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP were searched from inception to May 2022. Two researchers independently performed literature screening and data extraction. The quality of the studies was evaluated by the Cochrane risk of bias tool, and data analysis was performed in RStudio environment using R3.6.3 software. Results A total of 24 studies were included, covering 5 286 patients treated with surgery alone, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT), neoadjuvant radiotherapy (NRT), or neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) followed by combined surgical treatment. The risk of bias of the studies was low. The results of the network meta-analysis showed that combined surgical treatments after NCRT [HR=0.77, 95%CI (0.70, 0.85)] and NCT [HR=0.89, 95%CI (0.81, 0.98)] were effective methods to improve patients' overall survival (OS) compared with surgery alone. In addition, NCRT could significantly reduce the incidence of local recurrence [OR=0.43, 95%CI (0.30, 0.58)] and distant metastasis [OR=0.71, 95%CI (0.52, 0.93)] in patients with esophageal cancer. However, NCRT [RR=1.30, 95%CI (0.77, 2.20)] increased the mortality rate of patients at 30 d after surgery. Conclusion The available evidence suggests that NCRT combined with surgery is the best option for treating patients with resectable esophageal cancer, but this treatment carries the risk of increased 30 d postoperative mortality. Future studies should focus on optimizing the NCRT regimen with the aim of improving patients’ OS while effectively reducing postoperative mortality. In addition, more high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to support the results of the study.

Since the International guidelines for groin hernia management were published in 2018,many new evidences have been published.In October 2023,the HerniaSurge Group published Update of the international HerniaSurge guidelines for groin hernia management.It updated eight chapters of the last guidelines,proposed 20 key questions,and 39 new statements and 32 recommendations,of which 16 were strong recommendations.This article combined clinical concerns to sort out and interpret the updated version.

Objective:To analyze the relationship between the clinical medical college students' time investment (including study, activities, entertainment and exercise) and general self-efficacy (GSE) in a medical university in Liaoning province, China.Methods:The first-year medical students were asked to participate the survey. Their GSE was measured by using general self-efficacy scale (GSES) in 2018. One year later, the independent variable table was used to investigate the extracurricular activity time, and 683 valid questionnaires were collected. Ordered logistic regression method was used to analyze the correlation between students' extracurricular activities and GSE.Results:Medical students' GSE was positively associated with their time in extracurricular study ( OR = 1.94, 95%CI = 1.49-2.54), volunteer activities ( OR=1.36, 95%CI = 1.01-1.83), and physical activities ( OR = 1.37, 95%CI = 1.01-1.85). However, there was no significant correlation with the time in activities organized by students ( OR = 1.09, 95%CI = 0.79-1.50) or activities organized by school ( OR = 1.15, 95%CI = 0.84-1.59). Furthermore, compared with clinical students of "5+3" year program, the 5-year program clinical students had a stronger correlation between medical students' GSE and the input of extracurricular study time. Conclusion:There is a positive correlation between medical students' GSE and their extracurricular time investment, which indicates that increasing medical students' GSE could be an effective method to improve their extracurricular time investment and eventually improve their comprehensive quality.

BACKGROUND:The limitations of computer technology in the study of bone biomechanics and the prediction of bone fixation strength, stability, fatigue damage and life expectancy are more difficult. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the new progress and application of finite element analysis in orthopedics. METHODS:The first author searched PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed) and CNKI China journal ful-text database (http://www.cnki.net/) published til November 2015. Key words were“finite element analysis, orthopedics, biomechanics”. There were 51 references in English and 320 Chinese literatures. According to the inclusion criteria, 40 literatures were selected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Biomechanics of human skeleton is very complex, and most of the mechanical state is a locomotive, non-static process, thus increasing the difficulty of orthopedic biomechanics research. The prediction concerning bone fixation strength, stability, fatigue damage and lifetime is more difficult. However, the finite element analysis technology, which has been widely applied and demonstrated its reliability actual y in engineering fields, can solve these problems effectively. With the rapid development of computer technology, finite element analysis in the field of orthopedic applications has increasingly been used, which also promoted the development of orthopedic technology.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of acupuncture on blood oxygen saturation in the patient of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in sleeping and to evaluate the therapeutic effect of acupuncture on this disease.

METHODSThirty cases with OSAHS were treated with acupuncture at Shanglianquan (Extra), Fengfu (GV 16), Yamen (GV 15), Fengchi (GB 20), etc. 3-5 sessions each week. After treatment of 30 sessions, apneahypopnea index (AHI), mean blood oxygen saturation (MSaO2), the lowest blood oxygen saturation (LSaO2), oxygen desaturation > or = 4% index (ODI4), the mean blood oxygen saturation of oxygen desaturation when SaO2 < 90%, the longest time of oxygen saturation > or = 4% were observed before and after treatment.

RESULTSThe effective rate of acupuncture was 23.3% for OSAHS. After acupuncture, AHI and ODI4 significantly reduced (P < 0.01); LSaO2 significantly increased (P < 0.01); MSaO2 and the mean blood oxygen saturation of oxygen desaturation when SaO2 < 90% significantly enhanced (P < 0.05); the longest time of oxygen saturation > or = 4% did not significantly change.

CONCLUSIONThe acupuncture treatment has intervenient effect on OSAHS and alleviates anoxia, so acupuncture is one of therapies improving anoxia in patients of OSAHS.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oxygen ; blood ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; blood ; therapy

Objective To comprehensively measure the burden of hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer in Shandong province, using disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) to estimate the disease burden attribute to hepatitis B virus (HBV)infection. Methods Based on the mortality data of hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer derived from the third National Sampling Retrospective Survey for Causes of Death during 2004 and 2005, the incidence data of hepatitis B and the prevalence and the disability weights of liver cancer gained from the Shandong Cancer Prevalence Sampling Survey in 2007, we calculated the years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs) and DALYs of three diseases following the procedures developed for the global burden of disease (GBD) study to ensure the comparability. Results The total burden for hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer were 211 616 (39 377 YLLs and 172 239 YLDs), 16 783 (13 497 YLLs and 3286 YLDs) and 247 795 (240 236 YLLs and 7559 YLDs) DALYs in 2005 respectively, and men were 2.19, 2.36 and 3.16 times as that for women, respectively in Shandong province. The burden for hepatitis B was mainly because of disability (81.39%). However, most burden on liver cirrhosis and liver cancer were due to premature death (80.42% and 96.95%). The burden of each patient related to hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer were 4.8, 13.73 and 11.11 respectively. Conclusion Hepatitis B, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer caused considerable burden to the people living in Shandong province, indicating that the control of hepatitis B virus infection would bring huge potential benefits.