ObjectiveTo explore the possible mechanism of Jianpi Huazhuo Tiaozhi Granule （健脾化浊调脂颗粒， JHTG） in treating atherosclerosis （AS） based on the regulation of perivascular adipose tissue （PVAT） browning via the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K/AKT） signaling pathway. MethodsFifteen SPF male C57BL/6J mice served as control group， while 76 ApoE^-/- mice were first fed a high-fat diet for 16 weeks to establish AS model. After successful modeling， they were randomly divided into model group （n=16）， as well as the browning group， the low-， medium- and high-dose JHTG group， with 15 mice in each group. The browning group was intraperitoneally injected with β3-adrenergic receptor agonist CL 316243 at 1 mg/（kg·d） once daily. The low-， medium- and high-dose JHTG groups were treated with 4.3 g/（kg·d）， 8.6 g/（kg·d）， and 17.2 g/（kg·d） of JHTG by gavage， respectively， while the control group and the model group were given normal saline at 10 ml/（kg·d） by intragastric administration， once daily. All groups received continuous intervention for 4 weeks. The aorta was collected to assess the plaque ratio by gross oil red O staining. HE staining was used to measure the plaque area in cross-sections. Masson staining was employed to detect the proportion of collagen fibers in plaque. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the quantity and morphological changes of mitochondria and lipid droplets in adipocytes. The levels of serum triglycerides （TG）， total cholesterol （TC）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） were detected， as well as tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α） and interleukin 6 （IL-6） levels in the PVAT and aorta. The protein levels of adiponectin and leptin in PVAT， and protein expression levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinase （PI3K）， phosphorylated phosphoinositide 3-kinase （p-PI3K）， protein kinase B （AKT）， phosphorylated protein kinase B （p-AKT）， uncoupling protein 1 （UCP1）， peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α （PGC-1α）， and PR domain containing 16 （PRDM16） were measured. The mRNA expression levels of UCP1， PGC-1α and PRDM16 in PVAT were detected. ResultsCompared to the control group， the model group showed increased serum TG， TC， and LDL-C levels and decreased HDL-C level， elevated TNF-α and IL-6 levels in PVAT and aorta， decreased average fluorescence intensity of adiponectin， increased average fluorescence intensity of leptin， reduced p-PI3K/PI3K and p-AKT/AKT values as well as protein levels and mRNA expression levels of UCP1， PGC-1α and PRDM16 （P＜0.01）. The pathological results showed that no significant plaque formation was observed in the aortas of mice in the control group. In the model group， multiple plaques were observed in the aortas， with large numbers of foam cells， cholesterol crystals， and inflammatory cell aggregation in the plaques. Compared to the model group， the browning group and the high-dose JHTG group significantly improved the above indicators and aortic pathological changes （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Three JHTG groups showed a dose-dependent effect in reducing LDL-C level and plaque ratio by gross oil red O staining， elevating the average fluorescence intensity of adiponectin， the p-AKT/AKT value， the protein level of PGC-1α， and the mRNA expression levels of UCP1 and PRDM16 （P＜0.05）. The high-dose JHTG group and the browning group showed similar efficacy in improving the pathology of the aorta. ConclusionJHTG may promote PVAT browning in AS model mice through the PI3K/AKT pathway， improve the endocrine function of PVAT， inhibit aortic inflammation， and thereby ameliorate the formation of AS plaques.

BACKGROUND: The available evidence regarding the benefits of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on patients receiving dialysis with coronary artery disease (CAD) is limited and inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the association between PCI and clinical outcomes as compared with medical therapy alone in patients undergoing dialysis with CAD in China. METHODS: This multicenter, retrospective study was conducted in 30 tertiary medical centers across 12 provinces in China from January 2015 to June 2021 to include patients on dialysis with CAD. The primary outcome was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and non-fatal stroke. Secondary outcomes included all-cause death, the individual components of MACE, and Bleeding Academic Research Consortium criteria types 2, 3, or 5 bleeding. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between PCI and outcomes. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) and propensity score matching (PSM) were performed to account for potential between-group differences. RESULTS: Of the 1146 patients on dialysis with significant CAD, 821 (71.6%) underwent PCI. After a median follow-up of 23.0 months, PCI was associated with a 43.0% significantly lower risk for MACE (33.9% [ n  = 278] vs . 43.7% [ n  = 142]; adjusted hazards ratio 0.57, 95% confidence interval 0.45-0.71), along with a slightly increased risk for bleeding outcomes that did not reach statistical significance (11.1% vs . 8.3%; adjusted hazards ratio 1.31, 95% confidence interval, 0.82-2.11). Furthermore, PCI was associated with a significant reduction in all-cause and cardiovascular mortalities. Subgroup analysis did not modify the association of PCI with patient outcomes. These primary findings were consistent across IPTW, PSM, and competing risk analyses. CONCLUSION This study indicated that PCI in patients on dialysis with CAD was significantly associated with lower MACE and mortality when comparing with those with medical therapy alone, albeit with a slightly increased risk for bleeding events that did not reach statistical significance.
Humans ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods* ; Male ; Female ; Coronary Artery Disease/drug therapy* ; Retrospective Studies ; Renal Dialysis/methods* ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; China ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To explore the effects of Chinese herbal compound Tangbikang on the expressions of p38 MAPK of sciatic nerve and plasma TNF-α in diabetic rats. Methods Ten of the sixty male SD rats were selected randomly as normal group, and the rest were fed with high-fat diet and low-dosage STZ was used to induce type Ⅱdiabetic rat models. Model rats were randomly divided into model group, mecobalamine group and Tangbikang low-, medium-, and high-dosage groups, 10 rats in each group. Each medication group was intervened with relevant medicine. Rat unilaterals sciatic nerves were taken after 16 weeks. The content of TNF-α in plasma was determined by radioimmunoassay. Western blot method was used to detect the expressions of p38 and p-p38 MAPK protein of sciatic nerve. Results Compared with normal group, the expressions of p38 and p-p38 protein and content of TNF-αin model group significantly increase (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the expressions of p-p38 protein and the content of TNF-α significantly decreased after medicine intervention in different doses Tangbikang groups and mecobalamin group (P<0.05, P<0.01). The expression of p38 protein in Tangbikang high-dose group significantly decreased (P<0.05), with statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion Tangbikang can reduce the expression of p38 and p-p38 MAPK protein of the rat sciatic nerve, and reduce the content of TNF-α protein in rat plasma, which may be one of the effective targets of neuroprotection and abirritation of diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Objective To determine the protein expression level of p-STAT1 and STAT1 in thyroid cancer and its correlation with clinical pathological parameters,especially with lymph node metastasis and relapse-free survival.Methods p-STAT1 and STAT1 protein were measured by immunohistochemical staining in 80 cases of primary thyroid carcinoma and matched normal controls.All samples were selected from the pathological storage in the Jiangdong 22nd Zone,of Zhuji People's Hospital.The correlation between p-STAT1,STAT1 and patients clinical pathological parameters was analyzed.74 out of 80 patients were followed up over 3 years to analyze the potential relationship between expression of p-STAT1 and STAT1 and relapse-free survival.Results The positive expression of p-STAT1 and STAT1 was 28.8％ and 90.0％ in thyroid cancer tissue versus 85.0％ and 50.0％ in normal thyroid tissue.The difference was statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05).The positve expression of p-STAT1 in stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ thyroid cancers was significantly lower than in stage Ⅰ and stage Ⅱ thyroid cancer(P ＜ 0.05).There was negative correlation between the expression of p-STAT1 and tumor stage and lymph node metastasis,while the expression of STAT1 was irrelevant.Furthermore,the relapse-free survival was 100％ in p-STAT1 positive patients,and 92.65％ in STAT1 positive group.Conclusion p-STAT1 protein level,negatively correlating with tumor stage and lymph node metastasis,down regulates in primary thyroid cancers,and may be a novel biomarker for thyroid cancer metatstasis.

Objective To evaluate the treatment effect of compound Chinese medicine on skeletal fluorosis in rats by Micro-CT.Methods Eighty-eight Wistar rats which had been weaned for two weeks were divided into four groups according to body weight [(91.1 ± 10.0)g] by the method of random number table:control group(16 mts),middle fluorine(MF)group(24 rats),high fluorine(HF) group(24 rats),and high fluoride and low calcium low protein (HF-LC-LP) group (24 rats).The amounts of fluorine of MF,HF and HF-LC-LP groups were 50,100 and 100 mg/kg,respectively.The contents of calcium and protein in HF-LC-LP group were half of MF and HF groups.Six months after treatment with fluoride,eight rats of each group were put to death with femoral artery bleeding.The rest 16 rats of each fluorosis group were divided into two groups,one was the control group and the other was fed with both fluorine and the compound Chinese medicine which simulated the actual situation of fluorosis area.Each rat of the treatment group was given the medicine 194 mg/100 g for six days every week.Daily urine samples were collected when the medicine had been used for 0,30 and 60 days.All the rats were put to death with femoral artery bleeding after the medicine had beengiven for 90 days,and limbs bones were dissected.Urine fluoride was tested by the method of fluoride ion selective electrode ; bone fluoride was tested by the method of high temperature ashing-fluoride ion selective electrode; bone mineral density(BMD),tissue mineral density(TMD),structure model index (SMI),trabecular thickness (Tb.Th),trabecular separation (Tb.Sp),anisotropy (a1/a3),trabecular connection density(Conn.D),the volume ratio of trabecular and bone tissue,the ratio of bone surface area and volume(BS/BV),and trabecular number(Tb.N) were detected by Micro-CT technology.Results The level of urinary fluoride of high fluoride and low calcium low protein treatment group [(11.01 ± 3.67)mg/L] was lower than that of its control group [(34.32 ± 9.50)mg/L,t =3.13,P ＜ 0.05] when rats were remedied with the compound Chinese medicine for 60 days.The level of bone fluoride of high fluoride treatment group[(275.38 ± 171.65)mg/kg] was lower than that of its control group[(701.67 ± 178.16)mg/kg,t =5.42,P ＜ 0.05] when rats were remedied withy the compound Chinese medicine for 90 days; bone fluoride of high fluoride and low calcium low protein treatment group[(313.26 ± 124.51)mg/kg] was lower than that of its control group[(794.66 ± 261.35)mg/kg,t =3.25,P ＜ 0.05].The differences of Tb.Th,Tb.Sp,a1/a3,Conn.D,BV/TV,BS/BV and Tb.N among groups were statistically significant(F =2.785,2.681,3.039,27.231,2.595,2.854,5.050,all P ＜ 0.05).Tb.Th[(0.04 ±0.01)mm] and Tb.Sp[(0.03 ± 0.01)mm] of middle fluorine treatment group were higher than those of their control groups[(0.02 ± 0.00),(0.02 ± 0.00)mm,all P＜ 0.05]; al/a3,Corm.D,BV/TV and Tb.N[(0.77 ±0.61),(510.91 ± 304.99)mm-3,(0.42 ± 0.06) and (13.58 ± 2.48)mm-1] were lower than those of their control groups[(1.11 ± 0.01),(2 403.69 ± 124.02)mm-3,(0.46 ± 0.03) and (18.12 ± 0.69)mm-1,all P ＜ 0.05].BV/TV(0.44 ± 0.04) of high fluoride treatment group were lower than those of their control groups(0.49 ± 0.00,P ＜ 0.05) ; Tb.Th[(0.04 ± 0.01) mm] was higher than that of its control group [(0.03 ± 0.00)mm,P ＜ 0.05].Conclusion The compound Chinese medicine may has therapeutic effect on rat skeletal fluorosis.

Objective By exploring difference of mental characteristics,coping style,social support and health between schizophrenia primary affection and convalescent schizzy,it's expected that the related rationale will be developed for further formulating treatment for schizophrenia primary affection and convalescent schizophrenia.Methods By taking advantage of symptom checklist,questionnaire of NEO-FFI,Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire,social support scale,we compared 150 schizophrenia primary affection who were under the clinic of new antipsychotics and in convalescent period (schizzy group)with 169 normal persons (normal group)on the mental characteristics,coping style,social support and mental health of individual and correlation.Results The following factors of scl-90 showed statistical significance between patient group and normal group:somatization (1.83±0.14) vs.(1.27-±0.48),interpersonal sensitivity(1.96±0.21) vs.(1.65±0.51),depression(1.89±0.24) vs.(1.50±0.59),anxiety(1.69±0.15) vs.(1.39±0.43),photic anxiety (1.56±0.13) vs.(1.23±0.41),psychoticism factors (1.56± 0.14) vs.(1.23±0.41) (all P＜0.01).The personality traits differences between patient group and normal group were as follows:neuroticism (3.13± 0.15) vs.(2.61 ± 0.36),extraversion (2.96± 0.31) vs.(3.19± 0.23),agreeableness (3.20± 0.25) vs.(3.48±0.35) and conscientiousness (3.19±0.65) vs.(3.42± 0.16),and all these factors showed statistical significance with P＜0.01.The differences of subjective support factors between patients group and normal groups were as follows:subjective support (23.51 ±3.62) vs.(26.29±3.91),objective support (7.35±2.07) vs.(8.91 ± ±2.89),support use (7.61± 1.23) vs.(8.97± 1.35) and total score of supports (37.63± 6.52) vs.(43.51 ± 6.32) and the scores of patients group were poorer than those of normal group(P＜0.01).These two groups also showed statistical significance in coping styles:positive coping style(27.03±6.05) vs.(33.75±4.53) and negative coping style (32.63±5.31) vs.(43.51±6.32),patient group got lower scores than normal group(P＜0.01).Depression factor and obsessive compulsive symptom factor,objective support and hostility factor,passive coping and hostility,neuroticism factor in patients group are positive correlation,and photic anxiety factor and obsessive compulsive symptom,depression factor,conscientiousness factor and psychoticism factor,passive coping,neuroticism factor and somatization factor were negative correlation.Conclusion A effective recovery plan of treatment of schizophrenia primary affection and convalescent schizzy must integrate medical perspective,active interest in his personality characteristics,mental health,coping style,social support.