Coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) remains a cornerstone treatment for complex coronary artery disease, with long-term graft patency being essential for clinical success. In 2024, the European Society of Cardiology(ESC) and the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery(EACTS) jointly released an expert consensus document on the intraoperative and postoperative management of CABG grafts. This article provides a comprehensive Chinese translation and interpretation of the consensus, covering key topics including graft harvesting techniques(such as skeletonized vs. pedicled, endoscopic vs. open harvesting), optimal preservation solutions, mechanisms and prevention of graft spasm, and secondary prevention strategies involving antithrombotic and lipid-lowering therapies. Additionally, based on the current situation of clinical practice in China and the characteristics of the Chinese population, the article discussed some key issues in depth, put forward adaptive suggestions, and pointed out the future research direction. The translated consensus and accompanying commentary aim to facilitate the dissemination and application of ESC-endorsed recommendations in Chinese clinical settings, promoting more standardized and evidence-based graft management in CABG surgery.

Several types of arthritis share the common feature that the generation of inflammatory mediators leads to joint cartilage degradation. However, the shared mechanism is largely unknown. H2BK120ub1 was reportedly involved in various inflammatory diseases but its role in the shared mechanism in inflammatory joint conditions remains elusive. The present study demonstrated that levels of cartilage degradation, H2BK120ub1, and its regulator WW domain-containing adapter protein with coiled-coil (WAC) were increased in cartilage in human rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) patients as well as in experimental RA and OA mice. By regulating H2BK120ub1 and H3K27me3, WAC regulated the secretion of inflammatory and cartilage-degrading factors. WAC influenced the level of H3K27me3 by regulating nuclear entry of the H3K27 demethylase KDM6B, and acted as a key factor of the crosstalk between H2BK120ub1 and H3K27me3. The cartilage-specific knockout of WAC demonstrated the ability to alleviate cartilage degradation in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and collagenase-induced osteoarthritis (CIOA) mice. Through molecular docking and dynamic simulation, doxercalciferol was found to inhibit WAC and the development of cartilage degradation in the CIA and CIOA models. Our study demonstrated that WAC is a key factor of cartilage degradation in arthritis, and targeting WAC by doxercalciferol could be a viable therapeutic strategy for treating cartilage destruction in several types of arthritis.

Objective To investigate the value of measuring optic nerve sheath diameter(ONSD)at different times after the return of spontaneous circulation(ROSC)in evaluating the neurological function prognosis of patients with cardiac arrest(CA).Methods A total of 48 patients who successfully resuscitated from CA and transferred to the ICU in Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from March 2021 to June 2024 were selected as subjects.ONSD was measured initially,12 to 24h,day 2 and day 3 after ROSC.According to the brain function score of 3 months after treatment cerebral performance categories(CPC),the patients were divided into poor neurological group(CPC 3-5 points,n=24)and neurological good group(CPC 1-2 points,n=24).The predictive value of ONSD measurements at each time for neurological outcome in CA patients was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curves.Results There were significant difference in ONSD from 12 to 24 h,days 2 and 3 between two groups(P＜0.001),and the area under the curve were 0.785,0.837 and 0.841,respectively.Conclusion Measuring the ONSD by ultrasonography at 12-24 hours,day 2,and day 3 after ROSC in post-CA patients have good value in predicting neurologic prognosis.Measurement of ONSD on day 2 may be the optimal time to evaluate the neurological prognosis of patients after CA.

Objective To investigate the value of measuring optic nerve sheath diameter(ONSD)at different times after the return of spontaneous circulation(ROSC)in evaluating the neurological function prognosis of patients with cardiac arrest(CA).Methods A total of 48 patients who successfully resuscitated from CA and transferred to the ICU in Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from March 2021 to June 2024 were selected as subjects.ONSD was measured initially,12 to 24h,day 2 and day 3 after ROSC.According to the brain function score of 3 months after treatment cerebral performance categories(CPC),the patients were divided into poor neurological group(CPC 3-5 points,n=24)and neurological good group(CPC 1-2 points,n=24).The predictive value of ONSD measurements at each time for neurological outcome in CA patients was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curves.Results There were significant difference in ONSD from 12 to 24 h,days 2 and 3 between two groups(P＜0.001),and the area under the curve were 0.785,0.837 and 0.841,respectively.Conclusion Measuring the ONSD by ultrasonography at 12-24 hours,day 2,and day 3 after ROSC in post-CA patients have good value in predicting neurologic prognosis.Measurement of ONSD on day 2 may be the optimal time to evaluate the neurological prognosis of patients after CA.

Coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) remains a cornerstone treatment for complex coronary artery disease, with long-term graft patency being essential for clinical success. In 2024, the European Society of Cardiology(ESC) and the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery(EACTS) jointly released an expert consensus document on the intraoperative and postoperative management of CABG grafts. This article provides a comprehensive Chinese translation and interpretation of the consensus, covering key topics including graft harvesting techniques(such as skeletonized vs. pedicled, endoscopic vs. open harvesting), optimal preservation solutions, mechanisms and prevention of graft spasm, and secondary prevention strategies involving antithrombotic and lipid-lowering therapies. Additionally, based on the current situation of clinical practice in China and the characteristics of the Chinese population, the article discussed some key issues in depth, put forward adaptive suggestions, and pointed out the future research direction. The translated consensus and accompanying commentary aim to facilitate the dissemination and application of ESC-endorsed recommendations in Chinese clinical settings, promoting more standardized and evidence-based graft management in CABG surgery.

OBJECTIVE To Analysis of CT and MRI imaging features of arrested pneumatisation of the sphenoid sinus and differentiate from osteogenic and chondrogenic tumours of the region.METHODS Retrospective analysis of CT and MRI findings was performed of 13 patients with sphenoid sinus arrested pneumatisation and 20 patients with osteogenic and chondrogenic tumours and tumor like lesions in the same period.Evaluation indicators included location,size,density,presence of expansive changes,calcification,cortical bone changes,MRI signal characteristics,signal changes after fat suppression,degree of enhancement,and statistical analysis was conducted.RESULTS Finally,the location includes the sphenoid body(4 cases),pterygoid process(3 cases)and multiple involved areas(6 cases).The arrested pneumatisation area is mainly characterized by fat density or mixed density of adipose and soft tissue.The longest diameter of the arrested pneumatisation zone is 0.8-4.1 cm.There is internal calcification(7 cases)and without bone expansive changes(13 cases).Cases with intact bone cortex(13 cases);On MRI T1WI,high signal(11 cases),equal signal(2 cases),on T2WI,high signal(10 cases),equal signal(3 cases).Decreased signal after fat suppression(13 cases),no significant enhancement(10 cases),and slight enhancement(3 cases).CONCLUSION The arrested pneumatisation of sphenoid sinus is a rare anatomical variation characterized by a mixed density of fat or soft tissue,intact bone cortex,without bone expansive changes,decreased signal of MRI fat suppression,and no obvious enhancement,which will help to differentiate from osteogenic and chondrogenic tumours of the region.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a new combination treatment of vinorelbine and pyrotinib in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and provide higher level evidence for clinical practice. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective, single-arm, phase 2 trial conducted at three institutions in China. Patients with HER2-positive MBC, who had previously been treated with trastuzumab plus a taxane or trastuzumab plus pertuzumab combined with a chemotherapeutic agent, were enrolled between March 2020 and December 2021. All patients received pyrotinib 400 mg orally once daily plus vinorelbine 25 mg/m2 intravenously or 60-80 mg/m2 orally on day 1 and day 8 of 21-day cycle. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoints included the objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), overall survival, and safety. Results: A total of 39 patients were enrolled. All patients had been pretreated with trastuzumab and 23.1% (n=9) of them had accepted trastuzumab plus pertuzumab. The median follow-up time was 16.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.3 to 27.2), and the median PFS was 6.4 months (95% CI, 4.0 to 8.8). The ORR was 43.6% (95% CI, 27.8% to 60.4%) and the DCR was 84.6% (95% CI, 69.5% to 94.1%). The median PFS of patients with versus without prior pertuzumab treatment was 4.6 and 8.3 months (p=0.017). The most common grade 3/4 adverse events were diarrhea (28.2%), neutrophil count decreased (15.4%), white blood cell count decreased (7.7%), vomiting (5.1%), and anemia (2.6%). Conclusion Pyrotinib plus vinorelbine showed promising efficacy and tolerable toxicity as second-line treatment in patients with HER2-positive MBC.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical efficacy of Niaoxue No.1 Prescription in treating Henoch-Schönlein purpura （HSP） nephritis with blood heat and stasis syndrome and its effect on urine erythrocyte， urine protein， blood neutrophils， and blood routine-derived indicators. MethodA multicenter， randomized controlled trial （RCT） was conducted involving 108 HSP nephritis patients from three hospitals. The patients were randomly divided into a control group （54 cases） and a treatment group （54 cases）. The treatment group received Niaoxue No.1 prescription once daily， while the control group was treated with captopril and ferulic acid tablets. Both groups underwent a 4-week course of treatment. The urine erythrocyte， urine microalbumin （mAlb）， urine sediment red blood cell count， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome score， 24-hour urine protein， blood neutrophil count， neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio （NLR）， platelet to lymphocyte ratio （PLR）， lymphocyte to monocyte ratio （LMR）， D-dimer， and immunoglobulin A were detected. The recurrence rate of HSP nephritis was followed up for 6 months. ResultThe total effective rates were 88.9% （48/54） in the treatment group and 70.4% （38/54） in the control group， and the treatment group was superior to the control group （χ²=5.708， P<0.05）. Compared with the results before treatment， after 14 days of treatment， the TCM syndrome total score， urine erythrocyte， urine mAlb， and 24-hour urine protein in both groups significantly decreased （P<0.05，P<0.01）， and the improvement was more significant in the treatment group than the control group （P<0.05）. After 28 days of treatment， compared with the results before treatment， the TCM syndrome total score， urine erythrocyte， urine mAlb， urine sediment red blood cell count， D-dimer， and 24-hour urine protein in both groups significantly decreased （P<0.05，P<0.01）， with the treatment group showing a more significant reduction in urine mAlb than the control group （P<0.05）. On the 14^th and 28^th days of treatment， the neutrophil percentage and NLR were lower in the treatment group than in the control group （P<0.05）， while there was no statistically significant difference in PLR and LMR. The recurrence rate of nephritis in both groups showed no statistically significant difference after a 6-month follow-up. ConclusionNiaoxue No.1 Prescription in the treatment of HSP nephritis with blood heat and stasis syndrome can significantly improve clinical symptoms， shorten the course of the disease， and reduce urine erythrocyte， urine mAlb， 24-hour urine protein， blood neutrophils， and NLR， thereby effectively alleviating the inflammatory state and reducing kidney damage in children with HSP nephritis.

Objective:To assess the clinical and imaging features of SMARCB1-deficient sinonasal carcinoma.Methods:Form January 2016 to November 2021, the clinical data and pretreatment imaging findings of 16 cases with pathologically proven SMARCB1-de?cient sinonasal carcinomas were analyzed retrospectively in Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University. Immunohistochemistry for SMARCB1 showed loss of the protein in the tumor nuclie. Clinical and imaging features, including tumor location, TNM stage, size, density of CT, bone change, MRI signal intensity, enhancement pattern, type of time-intensity curve (TIC) of dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value and diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) were evaluated. For 14 cases, correlation of the ADC value and Ki-67 index was subsequently evaluated with Pearson correlation analysis.Results:For the 16 cases SMARCB1-deficient sinonasal carcinomas, clinical stage of T4 was 12 cases and T3 was 4 cases. The location included ethmoid sinus ( n=4), nasal cavity only ( n=1), both nasal cavity and ethmoid ( n=8), ethmoid and maxillary sinus ( n=1), ethmoid and frontal sinus ( n=1), ethmoid and sphenoid sinus ( n=1). The tumor size was (4.5±1.2) cm. Iso-attenuated of CT images was showed in 13 cases and heterogeneous with necrosis was showed in 3 cases. Focal bone erosion was found in 13 cases and extensive bone destruction was found in 3 cases. Compared with adjacent muscles, T 1WI of all 16 cases showed isointense, with focal hypointense in 3 cases. On T 2WI, the tumor was graded as isointense in 9 cases, hyperintense in 7 cases, with lower inner septal in 6 cases. Enhancement was graded as mild in 11 cases, moderate in 5 cases.MRI Enhancement images showed mild enhancement in 11 cases, moderate enhancement in 5 cases, heterogeneous enhancement in 6 cases, and homogeneous enhancement in 10 cases. For DCE-MRI of 14 cases, there were 10 cases of Ⅲ type and 4 cases of Ⅱ type of the TIC. The ADC value of 14 cases was (1.02±0.27)×10 -3 mm 2/s. The Ki-67 index was 48%±21%. No correlation was observed between Ki-67 index and ADC value ( r=-0.38, P=0.183). Conclusions:SMARCB1-deficient carcinomas are mostly centered in the nasal and ethmoid region of anatomic distribution. Tendency to be infiltrative the adjacent bone structure with invasive bone reaction, mild to moderate heterogeneous enhancement, T 2WI with lower inner septal, and Ⅲ types of TIC are certain suggestive imaging features of the entity.