Objective:To evaluate the effect of ultrasound-guided subserratus anterior plane block on postoperative analgesia in patients un-dergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy.Methods:Sixty patients who underwent elective laparoscopic radical gastrectomy were enrolled between May 2022 and October 2023 at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute&Hospital.Patients were assigned into two groups us-ing a random number table method:the control(group C)and the ultrasound-guided serratus anterior plane block(SAPB)(group S).Patient-controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA)was administered at the end of the surgery.After surgery,visual analogue scale(VAS)of static pain scores was evaluated at 1,6,12,24,and 48 hours.PCIA pump was started at the VAS pain score≥4 after surgery,and sufentanil 0.1μg/kg was intravenously injected when the efficacy was inadequate.The requirement for PCIA use,time to first postoperative anal exhaust,first postoperative out-of-bed activity,first oral intake,and the duration of hospitalization stay were recorded for the two groups.Results:VAS scores were significantly lower at postoperative 1,6,and 12 h in group S than in group C(P<0.05).Additionally,the number of effective uses of PCIA,and rescue analgesia were significantly lower in group S[(6.1±0.4)(2)]than in group C[(18.6±1.4)(17)](P<0.001).The time to first postoperative anal exhaust,first postoperative out-of-bed activity,first oral intake,and duration of hospital stay were shortened in group S than in group C(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in other parameters between these two groups.Conclusion:Ultrasound-guided SAPB can reduce postoperative pain and facilitate fast recovery in laparoscopic radical gastrectomy patients.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of ultrasound-guided internal branch of superior laryngeal nerve(ibSLN) block on the quality of anesthesia recovery in the patients undergoing intracranial tumor surgery.Methods:The data from patients of either gender, aged 18-65 yr, with a body mass index of 18-28 kg/m 2, who underwent intracranial tumor surgery from December 2022 to October 2023, were retrospectively collected. Patients were divided into control group (group C) and ultrasound-guided ibSLN block group (group U). Bilateral ibSLN block was performed with 0.375% ropivacaine hydrochloride 2 ml.The tracheal extubation time, emergence time, development of cardiovascular events within 15 min after extubation, emergence agitation, Ramsay sedation score, Steward recovery score, visual analogue scale scores at 10 min after extubation and development of postoperative sore throat and hoarseness in postanesthesia care unit were recorded. Results:Compared with group C, the incidence of emergence agitation, Ramsay sedation score, visual analogue scale scores and sore throat were significantly decreased, the incidence of hoarseness was increased ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the extubation time, emergence time and Steward recovery score in group U( P>0.05). No hypertension, hypotension, tachachycardia and bradycardia were found in two groups. Conclusions:Ultrasound-guided ibSLN block can improve the quality of anesthesia recovery in the patients undergoing intracranial tumor surgery.

Objective : To explore the killing effect of chimeric antigen receptor NK⁃92 (CAR⁃NK⁃92) cells targeting mesothelin (MSLN) on ovarian cancer cells. Methods : The expression of MSLN in primary ovarian cancer tissues and ovarian cancer cell lines was detected by immunohistochemical analysis and immunofluorescence, respectively. The CAR⁃NK⁃92 cells targeting MSLN were constructed by lentiviral transfection, the transfection efficiency was detected by flow cytometry, and the killing effect of CAR⁃NK⁃92 on ovarian cancer was verified in vivo and in vitro. Results : MSLN was highly expressed in primary ovarian cancer tissues and ovarian cancer cell lines. Flow cytometry showed that the purity of CAR⁃NK⁃92 targeting MSLN was about 70% . The experiments found that MSLN⁃CAR⁃NK⁃92 cells had a strong anti⁃ovarian cancer effect in vivo and in vitro , and could release more cytokines interferon⁃γ and tumor necrosis factor⁃α . Conclusion MSLN⁃CAR⁃NK⁃92 has strong anti⁃ovarian cancer effects in vivo and in vitro, providing a new potential treatment option for ovarian cancer patients.

Objective To establish a new patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model of human liver cancer by inoculating the complex of human primary liver cancer cells and a novel microcarrier (microcarrier 6) into mice with normal immune function. Methods Primary liver cancer cells were isolated and extracted from the fresh human liver cancer tissue of five patients and were then co-cultured with microcarrier 6 to construct a three-dimensional tumor cell culture model in vitro . According to the type of graft, 75 male C57BL/6 mice were divided into cell control group, microcarrier control group, and experimental group (each sample corresponded to three groups, with 15 groups in total and 5 mice in each group). The liver cancer cell-microcarrier complex was implanted into the mice by subcutaneous inoculation, and tumor formation time, tumor formation rate, and histopathological manifestations were observed. The Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. Results As for the liver cancer cells from the five patients, tumor formation was observed in the mice corresponding to three patients. In these three experiments, tumor formation was not observed in the control groups and was only observed in the experimental groups, and 12 of the 15 mice in the experimental groups had successful tumor formation, with a tumor formation rate as high as 80%, which was significantly different from that in the cell control groups and the microcarrier control groups (all P < 0.05). The tumor formation time was 5-7 days; the xenograft tumor grew rapidly, and HE staining showed nested or flaky cells with obvious heteromorphism, with the presence of pathological mitosis; immunohistochemical staining showed positive CK8/18, Hep, and Gpc-3, which was in accordance with the characteristics of human liver cancer cells. Conclusion This experiment successfully establishes a new PDX model of human liver cancer based on the complex of microcarrier 6 and human primary liver cancer cells in mice with normal immunity. This model can be used to better elucidate the mechanism of the development and progression of liver cancer in the body with normal immunity, and besides, it also provides a new animal model with higher value for the precise treatment of liver cancer.

The incidence of ovarian cancer ranks the third among female malignancies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are an important part of the tumor microenvironment. Studies have shown that MSC can inhibit or promote the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells by secreting various cytokines, promoting epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) and increasing the proportion of tumor stem cells. MSC can produce a large number of exosomes, and the exosomes derived from MSC have biological functions similar to MSC, which are important factors mediating the communication and transmission of information between cells. However, the effect of MSC-derived exosomes on tumors and its mechanism are still unclear. Therefore, the study of the mechanism of interaction between MSC and its exosomes in ovarian cancer may reveal a new approach to the treatment of ovarian cancer.

Ovarian cancer is a common fatal malignant tumor in women. The most common pathological type is epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) originating from the ovary or fallopian tube epithelium, accounting for 85%-90%. The standard treatment for EOC is tumor cytoreductive surgery. Postoperative platinum/paclitaxel chemotherapy, cell chemoresistance has become an important cause of recurrence and death in EOC patients. At present, many scholars believe that the tumor environment of ovarian cancer is rich in a broad spectrum of tumor pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Inflammation can increase the division and differentiation of epithelial cells. The long-term exposure of normal epithelial tissues to the inflammatory environment will gradually turn to malignant transformation. The inflammatory tumor microenvironment promotes the invasion and metastasis of transformed malignant tumor cells, and eventually develops drug resistance.

Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocytes in the peripheral blood and play an important role in the immune response. However, there is growing evidence indicating that in addition to the immune response, neutrophils also have a crucial role in tumor development, especially in the process of invasion and metastasis. According to current research, depending on their phenotype, neu-trophils appear to be either anti-metastasis (N1) or pro-metastasis (N2). However, the role of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) in the metastasis of tumors is relatively complex and lacks a systematic introduction. This review mainly introduces TANs and focuses on the mechanism of TANs in promoting tumor invasion and metastasis. Finally, the possibility of TANs as an anti-tumor treatment strate-gy is discussed.

The complexities in necroptosis are pivotal signal molecules in the pathway.Its formation is regulated by a series of factors such as necrosome and ripoptosome.The studies have found that the complexities in necroptosis are closely related to multiple neoplasms,such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and glioma.Further study on the regulatory mechanism of them will provide a new idea for molecular cancer therapeutics.

In recent years,the relationship between fatty acid metabolism and tumor has become a hot topic and widely recognized.In tumor cell,fatty acid metabolism is important to its growth and metastasis.About synthesis,fatty acid can participate in the synthesis of phospholipids on the membrane of cancer cells and take part in important signal transduction pathways,such as PI3K-AKT-mTOR;in fatty acid catabolism,tumor cells can produce ATP to maintain its growth by β-oxidation;what's more,it could be kept redox homeostasis by producing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen (NADPH).So,anabolism and catabolism of fatty acid may promote occurrence and development of tumors,but the mechanisms are unclear.This review highlights the effects of fatty acid metabolism on the occurrence,development and metastasis of tumors.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir (OBV/PTV/r) 25/150/100 mg once daily and dasabuvir (DSV) 250 mg twice daily combined with ribavirin in adult patients of Mainland China with chronic HCV genotype 1b infection and compensated cirrhosis. Methods: An open-label, multicenter, phase 3 clinical trial study was conducted in mainland China, Taiwan, and South Korea. Adult patients with compensated cirrhosis (Metavir score =F4) who were newly diagnosed and treated for hepatitis C virus genotype 1b infection with ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir and dasabuvir combined with ribavirin for 12 weeks were included. Assessed SVR rate of patients obtained at 12 and 24 weeks after drug withdrawal. Efficacy and safety were evaluated in patients who received at least one time study drugs. Results: A total of 63 patients from mainland China were enrolled, 62 of whom (98.4%) had a baseline Child-Pugh score of 5 points. The overall rate of SVR12 and SVR24 in patients was 100% (95% CI: 94.3% to 100.0%). Most of the adverse events that occurred were mild. The incidence of common (≥10%) adverse events and laboratory abnormalities included elevated total bilirubin (36.5%), weakness (19.0%), elevated unconjugated bilirubin (19.0%) and conjugated bilirubin (17.5%), and anemia (14.3%). Three cases (4.8%) of patients experienced Grade ≥ 3 adverse events that were considered by the investigators to be unrelated to the study drug. None patients had adverse events leading to premature drug withdrawal. Conclusion Mainland Chinese patients with chronic HCV genotype 1b infection and compensated cirrhosis who were treated with OBV/PTV/r plus DSV combined with RBV for 12 weeks achieved 100 % SVR at 12 and 24 weeks after drug withdrawal. Tolerability and safety were good, and majority of adverse events were mild.