OBJECTIVE: To provide the experience and demonstration for the transformation of acupuncture-moxibustion techniques standards from Chinese national standards to international standards. METHODS: Questionnaire research, literature research, semi-structured interviews and expert consultation were used. RESULTS: The safety of acupuncture-moxibustion techniques was evaluated through literature research, and based on the results of the questionnaire survey, expert interviews, and expert consultation, 11 main bodies and structure of the former Chinese national standard, Technical Benchmark of Acupuncture and Moxibustion: General Rules for Drafting, were adjusted and optimized in accordance with the requirements of international standard (including the language, normative references, purpose, scope, applicable environment, target population, work team, terms and definitions, general principles and basic requirements, structural elements and text structure, and compilation process); and the first international standard, World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societis (WFAS) Technical Benchmark of Acupuncture and Moxibustion: General Rules for Drafting was formulated to specify the general rules for drafting. CONCLUSION The 3 key questions, "international compatibility", "technical operability" and "safety" should be solved technically on the basis of explicit international requirements. It is the core technical issue during transforming the national standards of technical benchmark of acupuncture and moxibustion into international standards.
Moxibustion/methods* ; Acupuncture Therapy/methods* ; Humans ; Translational Research, Biomedical/standards* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; China ; Benchmarking/standards*

Objective:To investigate and analyze basic status of radiotherapy units in Hebei Province in 2024.Methods:Led by the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, the Radiation Oncology Branch of the Hebei Medical Association, and the Radiation Oncology Expert Committee of the Hebei Society of Clinical Oncology, a province-wide survey was conducted using structured questionnaires. The survey covered key aspects such as basic information of radiotherapy institutions, personnel allocation, equipment configuration, and implementation of radiotherapy techniques. Collected data were summarized and descriptively analyzed comparing with a 2013 survey of radiotherapy in Hebei Province.Results:All 158 radiotherapy institutions across Hebei Province participated in the survey. A total of 2273 radiotherapy professionals were reported, including 1317 radiation oncologists (57.94%), 332 medical physicists (14.61%), 71 radiotherapy engineers (3.12%), and 553 radiotherapy technologists (24.33%). The number of radiotherapy devices significantly increased from 121 in 2013 to 237 in 2024, including 68 domestic radiotherapy equipment. The current inventory includes 195 medical linear accelerators (2.61 units per million population), 2 cobalt-60 units, 27 afterloading machines, 9 tomotherapy (TOMO) systems, 3 CyberKnife units, and 1 proton therapy system. Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and stati intensity-modulated radiotherapy have been widely adopted across the province, while advanced techniques such as volumetric-modulated arc therapy, stereotactic body radiotherapy, and respiration-gated technology, and respiratory gating are gradually being implemented.Conclusions:In recent years, the configuration of radiotherapy personnel in Hebei Province has become more balanced, and the availability of precision radiotherapy equipment has significantly improved. There is a growing trend in the adoption of domestically manufactured radiotherapy equipment, marking substantial progress in the development of radiation oncology services in the region.

Objective:To investigate and analyze basic status of radiotherapy units in Hebei Province in 2024.Methods:Led by the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, the Radiation Oncology Branch of the Hebei Medical Association, and the Radiation Oncology Expert Committee of the Hebei Society of Clinical Oncology, a province-wide survey was conducted using structured questionnaires. The survey covered key aspects such as basic information of radiotherapy institutions, personnel allocation, equipment configuration, and implementation of radiotherapy techniques. Collected data were summarized and descriptively analyzed comparing with a 2013 survey of radiotherapy in Hebei Province.Results:All 158 radiotherapy institutions across Hebei Province participated in the survey. A total of 2273 radiotherapy professionals were reported, including 1317 radiation oncologists (57.94%), 332 medical physicists (14.61%), 71 radiotherapy engineers (3.12%), and 553 radiotherapy technologists (24.33%). The number of radiotherapy devices significantly increased from 121 in 2013 to 237 in 2024, including 68 domestic radiotherapy equipment. The current inventory includes 195 medical linear accelerators (2.61 units per million population), 2 cobalt-60 units, 27 afterloading machines, 9 tomotherapy (TOMO) systems, 3 CyberKnife units, and 1 proton therapy system. Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy and stati intensity-modulated radiotherapy have been widely adopted across the province, while advanced techniques such as volumetric-modulated arc therapy, stereotactic body radiotherapy, and respiration-gated technology, and respiratory gating are gradually being implemented.Conclusions:In recent years, the configuration of radiotherapy personnel in Hebei Province has become more balanced, and the availability of precision radiotherapy equipment has significantly improved. There is a growing trend in the adoption of domestically manufactured radiotherapy equipment, marking substantial progress in the development of radiation oncology services in the region.

Objective:To explore the effects of simulated microgravity on carotid oxidative stress and anti-oxidative stress in rats by using a rat tail-suspension model to simulate the hemodynamic changes caused by microgravity.Methods:Twelve healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were completely randomized into control group and simulated suspension group, with 6 rats in each group. The rats in control group were fed in standard laboratory environment and could move freely. The feeding environment of the simulated suspension group rats was the same as that of the control group, and the tail suspension was maintained for 4 weeks. The differentially expressed genes in carotid tissue were obtained by transcriptome sequencing, and analyzed by volcano plot, Venn diagram and heatmap. The differentially expressed genes were further analyzed by Gene Ontology and the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes. Dihydroethidium staining was used to detect the content of reactive oxygen species in rat carotid artery. Western blotting was used to detect the expression changes of pro-oxidative stress factor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 and anti-oxidative stress factors Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1, nuclear factor-E2 related factor 2, heme oxygenase-1, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate quinone oxidoreductase-1 in each group. The contents/activities of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione and oxidized glutathione in each group were detected using the thiobarbituric acid method, 4-[2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)tetrazol-2-ium-5-yl]benzene-1,3-disulfonate sodium method and colorimetry.Results:Compared with the rats in control group, the wet weight of soleus muscle and the ratio of the wet weight of soleus muscle to body weight in simulated suspension group rats were decreased ( t=19.98, 17.34, both P<0.001), and the differences were significant. Eighty differentially expressed genes related to oxidative stress were screened by transcriptional sequencing (52 up-regulated and 28 down-regulated), which were closely related to vascular remodeling pathways, including cyclic guanosine monophosphate-protein kinase G signal pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase signal pathway, phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt signal pathway, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum and lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis-related signal pathways. These genes were mainly involved in response to antioxidant defense, chaperone-mediated autophagy, stress fiber, contractile actin filament bundle, actin filament bundle, growth factor activity, chaperone binding and cytokine activity. Compared with the control group, the levels of reactive oxygen species ( t=3.83, P=0.028) and malondialdehyde ( t=8.75, P<0.001) in the simulated suspension group were significantly increased. The protein expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 ( t=11.49 , P<0.001) was significantly increased, with statistical significance. The activities of antioxidant stress related factors superoxide dismutase ( t=6.44, P=0.001), catalase ( t=6.83, P=0.001), and the ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione ( t=3.46, P=0.003), and nuclear factor-E2 related factor 2 ( t=28.18, P<0.001), heme oxygenase-1 ( t=8.03, P<0.001), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate quinone oxidoreductase-1 ( t=9.71, P<0.001) were significantly decreased, the protein expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 ( t=5.06, P<0.001) was increased, and the differences were statistically significant. Conclusions:Simulated microgravity can enhance the level of carotid oxidative stress in rats, including promoting the expression of pro-oxidative stress-related factors and suppressing the activity of anti-oxidative stress pathways. Their combined action will lead to the oxidative stress injury of carotid arteries. This process may be one of the key mechanisms involved in the remodeling of arterial structure and function induced by simulated microgravity.

Objective:To explore the effects of simulated microgravity on carotid oxidative stress and anti-oxidative stress in rats by using a rat tail-suspension model to simulate the hemodynamic changes caused by microgravity.Methods:Twelve healthy adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were completely randomized into control group and simulated suspension group, with 6 rats in each group. The rats in control group were fed in standard laboratory environment and could move freely. The feeding environment of the simulated suspension group rats was the same as that of the control group, and the tail suspension was maintained for 4 weeks. The differentially expressed genes in carotid tissue were obtained by transcriptome sequencing, and analyzed by volcano plot, Venn diagram and heatmap. The differentially expressed genes were further analyzed by Gene Ontology and the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes. Dihydroethidium staining was used to detect the content of reactive oxygen species in rat carotid artery. Western blotting was used to detect the expression changes of pro-oxidative stress factor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 and anti-oxidative stress factors Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1, nuclear factor-E2 related factor 2, heme oxygenase-1, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate quinone oxidoreductase-1 in each group. The contents/activities of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, reduced glutathione and oxidized glutathione in each group were detected using the thiobarbituric acid method, 4-[2-(2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)tetrazol-2-ium-5-yl]benzene-1,3-disulfonate sodium method and colorimetry.Results:Compared with the rats in control group, the wet weight of soleus muscle and the ratio of the wet weight of soleus muscle to body weight in simulated suspension group rats were decreased ( t=19.98, 17.34, both P<0.001), and the differences were significant. Eighty differentially expressed genes related to oxidative stress were screened by transcriptional sequencing (52 up-regulated and 28 down-regulated), which were closely related to vascular remodeling pathways, including cyclic guanosine monophosphate-protein kinase G signal pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase signal pathway, phosphoinositide 3-kinase-Akt signal pathway, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum and lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis-related signal pathways. These genes were mainly involved in response to antioxidant defense, chaperone-mediated autophagy, stress fiber, contractile actin filament bundle, actin filament bundle, growth factor activity, chaperone binding and cytokine activity. Compared with the control group, the levels of reactive oxygen species ( t=3.83, P=0.028) and malondialdehyde ( t=8.75, P<0.001) in the simulated suspension group were significantly increased. The protein expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 ( t=11.49 , P<0.001) was significantly increased, with statistical significance. The activities of antioxidant stress related factors superoxide dismutase ( t=6.44, P=0.001), catalase ( t=6.83, P=0.001), and the ratio of reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione ( t=3.46, P=0.003), and nuclear factor-E2 related factor 2 ( t=28.18, P<0.001), heme oxygenase-1 ( t=8.03, P<0.001), and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate quinone oxidoreductase-1 ( t=9.71, P<0.001) were significantly decreased, the protein expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 ( t=5.06, P<0.001) was increased, and the differences were statistically significant. Conclusions:Simulated microgravity can enhance the level of carotid oxidative stress in rats, including promoting the expression of pro-oxidative stress-related factors and suppressing the activity of anti-oxidative stress pathways. Their combined action will lead to the oxidative stress injury of carotid arteries. This process may be one of the key mechanisms involved in the remodeling of arterial structure and function induced by simulated microgravity.

Objective:To analyze the occupational health monitoring data of workers in Zhoushan City, and provide scientific basis for health monitoring and the formulation of occupational disease prevention measures.Methods:From January 2016 to November 2019, the occupational health examination data of 37826 workers in Zhoushan City were collected to analyze the change trend of the detection rate of suspected occupational diseases and occupational contraindications, and to compare the health monitoring status of workers with different social characteristics such as enterprise scale and economic type.Results:From 2016 to 2019, the detection rate of suspected occupational diseases showed a downward trend (χ 2trend=21.09, P<0.05) . The occupational health examination of on-the-job workers in Zhoushan were mainly small enterprises (59.72%, 22591/37826) , private economic enterprises (65.32%, 24707/37826) , male (82.03%, 31028/37826) , 30-49 years old (59.11%, 22359/37826) , and exposed to noise (67.06%, 25365/37826) . The detection rates of occupational contraindications and suspected occupational diseases were higher in micro enterprise, male, over 60 years old, exposed to occupational hazards for more than 49 months, and exposed to chemical and physical hazards at the same time. The detection rates of occupational contraindications and suspected occupational diseases were significantly different among different enterprise scale, economic type, gender, age and occupational hazard factors ( P<0.05) . Among benzene workers with occupational contraindications and suspected occupational diseases, the detection rate of A/G abnormality in female workers was higher than that in male workers ( P=0.04) , and there was no significant difference in other genders ( P>0.05) . Conclusion:It is necessary to pay more attention to the workers working in small and private enterprises in Zhoushan City, strengthen the occupational health supervision of male workers who are over 60 years old who are exposed to benzene, noise and other occupational hazards, standardize the occupational health inspection, and effectively protect the health of the occupational population.

Objective:To analyze the occupational health monitoring data of workers in Zhoushan City, and provide scientific basis for health monitoring and the formulation of occupational disease prevention measures.Methods:From January 2016 to November 2019, the occupational health examination data of 37826 workers in Zhoushan City were collected to analyze the change trend of the detection rate of suspected occupational diseases and occupational contraindications, and to compare the health monitoring status of workers with different social characteristics such as enterprise scale and economic type.Results:From 2016 to 2019, the detection rate of suspected occupational diseases showed a downward trend (χ 2trend=21.09, P<0.05) . The occupational health examination of on-the-job workers in Zhoushan were mainly small enterprises (59.72%, 22591/37826) , private economic enterprises (65.32%, 24707/37826) , male (82.03%, 31028/37826) , 30-49 years old (59.11%, 22359/37826) , and exposed to noise (67.06%, 25365/37826) . The detection rates of occupational contraindications and suspected occupational diseases were higher in micro enterprise, male, over 60 years old, exposed to occupational hazards for more than 49 months, and exposed to chemical and physical hazards at the same time. The detection rates of occupational contraindications and suspected occupational diseases were significantly different among different enterprise scale, economic type, gender, age and occupational hazard factors ( P<0.05) . Among benzene workers with occupational contraindications and suspected occupational diseases, the detection rate of A/G abnormality in female workers was higher than that in male workers ( P=0.04) , and there was no significant difference in other genders ( P>0.05) . Conclusion:It is necessary to pay more attention to the workers working in small and private enterprises in Zhoushan City, strengthen the occupational health supervision of male workers who are over 60 years old who are exposed to benzene, noise and other occupational hazards, standardize the occupational health inspection, and effectively protect the health of the occupational population.

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy difference between fire acupuncture with centro-square needles (FACSN) and filiform needling (FN) for knee osteoarthritis (KOA).

METHODSSeventy-two patients were randomly assigned into an FACSN group and an FN group, 36 cases in each one.points, Xuehai (SP 10), Liangqiu (ST 34), Neixiyan (EX-LE 4), Dubi (ST 35), Zusanli (ST 36), Yanglingquan (GB 34) and Yinlingquan (SP 9) were selected in the two groups. The FACSN group was treated with FACSN, and three acupoints were selected for each treatment; the FN group was treated with FN, and all the acupoints were selected for each treatment. The cupping treatment was given after acupuncture in the two groups. The treatment was given once every other day, without treatment on Sundays. The treatment was given three times a week, 6 times as one course; totally 2 courses were provided. The visual analogue scale (VAS) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) were observed in the two groups before treatment, two weeks, four weeks into treatment and at one-month follow-up visit. In addition, the comprehensive efficacy was compared between the two groups.

RESULTSCompared before treatment, the score of VAS and the total score of WOMAC were improved in the two groups at each time point after treatment (all<0.01); the scores of VAS at each time point after treatment in FACSN group were lower than those in the FN group (all<0.05); four weeks into treatment and at one-month follow-up visit, the total score of WOMAC in the FACSN group was lower than that in the FN group (both<0.05). Two weeks into treatment, the total effective rate was 88.9% (32/36) in the FACSN group, which was higher than 61.1% (22/36) in the FN group (<0.01); four weeks into treatment and at one-month follow-up visit, the cured and remarkable effective rates were 66.7% (24/36) and 83.3% (30/36) in the FACSN group, which were higher than 41.7% (15/36) and 44.4% (16/36) in the FN group (<0.05,<0.01), respectively.

CONCLUSIONSFire acupuncture with centro-square needles has relatively high cured and remarkable effective rate for KOA, with rapid onset; as for pain relief, the efficacy is superior to filiform needling.

Acupuncture has been applied in 183 countries and regions and gradually become a name card as TCM spreads across the world. The international influence of which plays a significant role in enhancing TCM development. The laws and regulations of TCM acupuncture along One-Belt-One-Road countries were compared and analyzed in this article. With comprehensive research and analysis, the international development strategy of acupuncture was rationally proposed. Combined with the historical background of China's national initiative One-Belt-One-Road, the acupuncture was taken as a breakthrough to lead the global spreading of TCM culture and Chinese herbs, so as to enhance China's soft strength, which could further create a fine cultural environment for the economic prosperity of One-Belt-One-Road countries. In addition, the strategy selection for China regarding TCM acupuncture development along One-Belt-One-Road countries was proposed, and the suggestive solution and implementation strategy for the essential missions and significant issues were provided.

OBJECTIVETo explore the impacts on physical and mental health of the patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) treated with electroacupuncture (EA) or Diane 35.

METHODSSeventy-two patients of PCOS were randomized into an acupuncture group and a western medication group, 36 cases in each group. In the acupuncture group, acupuncture was applied to relieving liver stagnation and regulatingactivity at Ganshu (BL 18), Danzhong (CV 17), Qimen (LR 14), Zhongwan (CV 4), Tianshu (ST 25), Guanyuan (CV 4), Zigong (EX-CA 1), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Zusanli (ST 36) and Taichong (LR 3). Afterarrival, the electric stimulation was added for 30 min. Acupuncture treatment was given 3 times a week. In the western medication group, Diane 35 was taken since the 5th day of menstruation and lasted for 21 days. The cycle of treatment was 3 months in the two groups. Before treatment and at the end of treatment, the symptom scores were evaluated and the self-report symptom inventory, symptom checklist-90 (SCL-90) was used for the mental health evaluation and the comparison was made between the two groups.

RESULTSCompared with those before treatment in the same group, the symptom scores were reduced significantly after treatment in the two groups (both<0.01). After treatment, the symptom scores in the acupuncture group were reduced significantly as compared with those in the western medicationgroup (<0.01). After treatment, the scores of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety and hostility were reduced significantly as compared with those before treatment in the acupuncture group (all<0.05). After treatment, the scores of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility and phobic factor were lower significantly than those in the western medication group (all<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSEA with relieving liver stagnation and regulatingactivity reduces the symptom scores of PCOS and SCL-90 scores, acting on regulating both physical and mental conditions. The effects achieved with acupuncture are better than those with Diane 35.