Objective: To characterize perioperative dynamic changes in immune-cell phenotypes and inflammatory cytokines in patients undergoing CPB (cardiopulmonary bypass) cardiac surgery, and to explore their associations with postoperative outcomes. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 120 adult patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery under CPB at West China Hospital from May 2022 to March 2023 were enrolled. Perioperative immune-cell phenotypes and concentrations of 40 inflammation-related cytokines were measured. The primary outcomes were the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score at 24 h after surgery and ΔSOFA (the peak SOFA score within 48 h after surgery minus the preoperative SOFA score). Secondary outcomes included major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), acute kidney injury (AKI), respiratory failure, severe liver injury, and infection. Results: The mean age of enrolled patients was 57±10 years. Of these, 52% (62/120) were male and 90% (108/120) underwent valve surgery. During the rewarming to the end of CPB, neutrophil counts rapidly increased (7.39×10 /L vs preoperative 3.07×10 /L, P<0.001), with significant upregulation of CD11b (7.30×10 /L vs preoperative 3.05×10 /L, P<0.001) and CD54 (7.15×10 /L vs preoperative 2.99×10 /L, P<0.001). Lymphocyte counts increased at the end of CPB (1.75×10 /L vs preoperative 1.12×10 /L, P<0.001) but decreased significantly at 24 h after surgery (0.59×10 /L vs preoperative 1.12×10 /L, P<0.001). Plasma analysis showed that multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines increased during CPB and remained elevated up to 24 h after surgery; five chemokines and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 peaked at the end of CPB. The SOFA score increased from 1 (1, 2) preoperatively to 7 (5, 10) at 24 h after surgery, with a ΔSOFA of 6 (4, 8). Within 30 days after surgery, 48 patients (40.0%) developed AKI, 17 (14.2%) developed infection, 4 (3.3%) developed severe liver injury, 3 (2.5%) developed respiratory failure, and 3 (2.5%) experienced MACE. During the 2-year follow-up, 8 patients (6.7%) experienced MACE and 5 (4.2%) died. Conclusion: Multi-organ dysfunction is common after cardiac surgery under CPB (median ΔSOFA, 6), accompanied by perioperative activation of multiple immune-cell subsets and upregulation of pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and chemotactic mediators. This study provides data-driven evidence and research clues for further investigation of the associations between CPB-related immune perturbations and postoperative organ dysfunction and clinical outcomes.

Helicobacter pylori （H. pylori） infection is not only associated with gastrointestinal diseases， but also potentially links with neuropsychiatric disorders revealed by recent studies. Through a systematic review of the existing literature， this review summarizes epidemiological evidence for the association between H. pylori infection and diseases such as Parkinson′s disease （PD）， Alzheimer′s disease （AD）， multiple sclerosis （MS）， migraine， depression， and anxiety disorders， and further explores potential mechanisms by which it affects central nervous system function， including neural pathways mediated by the enteric nervous system and the vagus nerve， immune pathways mediated by inflammatory cytokines， and endocrine pathways mediated by gut microbial metabolites. Additionally， the current challenges facing H. pylori eradication therapy and the prospects for emerging adjuvant strategies such as probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation are discussed. Finally， future research directions are outlined， emphasizing the need for prospective cohort studies based on standardized diagnostic methods and further investigation using animal models to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms， with the aim of providing new perspectives for the prevention， treatment， and early intervention of related neuropsychiatric disorders.

This study aimed to establish and validate a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the determination of related substances in namodenoson. A system suitability solution was prepared by mixing equal volumes of the UV-degraded solution and the alkali-degraded solution, which could cover the potential major related substances. Separation was performed on a Luna C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) using gradient elution with mobile phase A (a mixture of 2 mmol/L potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution adjusted to pH 2.5 with phosphoric acid and acetonitrile, 90∶10) and mobile phase B (acetonitrile). The detection wavelength was set at 275 nm, and complete separation of all related substance peaks was obtained. Method validation results demonstrated that the resolution between namodenoson and its related substances, as well as that among all related substances, met the requirements. Namodenoson exhibited good linearity over the range of 0.1–10 μg/mL (r = 0.9989), with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.01 μg/mL and a limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 0.05 μg/mL. Analysis of forced degradation samples further demonstrated the excellent specificity of the method, with satisfactory mass balance values (96.1%–99.1%). The method established is stable, reliable, and robust, and can serve as a reference for the establishment of quality standards, stability studies, and manufacturing process optimization of namodenoson.

Objective:Exploring the association between Life's Crucial 9 (LC9) and the risk of thyroid dysfunction (TD), as well as its potential predictive capacity.Methods:A total of 247 600 TD-free participants from the UK Biobank were enrolled in the study. The LC9 score was divided into three CVH groups: low (0-), medium (50-), and high (80-100). Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate the HRs and 95% CIs of the risk of TD with LC9 CVH status. Calculate Harrell's concordance index ( C-index), net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) to evaluate the predictive ability of the LC9 score and Life's Essential 8 (LE8) score. Results:During a median follow-up of 12.3 years, 5 515, 911, and 4 869 new cases of TD, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism were documented, respectively. Participants with a high LE8 CVH group had 57.00% ( HR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.38-0.49), 55.00% ( HR=0.45, 95% CI: 0.34-0.60), and 58.00% ( HR=0.42, 95% CI: 0.37-0.47) lower risk of TD, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism, respectively, than those with low CVH group. Compared with the LE8 score, the improvement in C-index for the LC9 score predicted TD risk was 0.004 (95% CI: 0.001-0.007), the NRI was 0.101 (95% CI: 0.021-0.103), and the IDI was 0.001 (95% CI: 0.000-0.001). Conclusions:The better CVH status, defined by LC9, was associated with a lower risk of TD. Compared to the LE8 score, the LC9 score demonstrated a significant enhancement in both risk discrimination and reclassification capability for TD risk.

Objective:To evaluate the validity and reliability of the Simplified Chinese version of the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale(SC-BCIS).Methods:Totally 188 patients with schizophrenia meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition(DSM-5)diagnostic criteria were selected for SC-BCIS and the Insight and Treatment Attitudes Questionnaire(ITAQ)assessment.Thirty-eight patients were selected for retest-ing within 4 weeks.The item analysis was conducted using the Spearman correlation method,and the reliability of the scale was tested with Cronbach's α coefficient and ICC coefficient.The structural validity of the scale was ex-amined through principal component analysis and exploratory factor analysis.Results:The correlation coefficients between the 15 item scores and the total score of the SC-BCIS all met the screening criteria.The Cronbach's α coef-ficient of the scale was 0.69,the test-retest ICC value was 0.82,the ICC coefficient between the SC-BCIS and ITAQ scales was 0.83,and the scale had a two-factor structure,with a cumulative contribution rate of 42.4％for the two factors.Conclusion:The Simplified Chinese version of the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale(SC-BCIS)has good validity and reliability in measuring cognitive insight in patients with schizophrenia.

Objective:To evaluate the validity and reliability of the Simplified Chinese version of the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale(SC-BCIS).Methods:Totally 188 patients with schizophrenia meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth Edition(DSM-5)diagnostic criteria were selected for SC-BCIS and the Insight and Treatment Attitudes Questionnaire(ITAQ)assessment.Thirty-eight patients were selected for retest-ing within 4 weeks.The item analysis was conducted using the Spearman correlation method,and the reliability of the scale was tested with Cronbach's α coefficient and ICC coefficient.The structural validity of the scale was ex-amined through principal component analysis and exploratory factor analysis.Results:The correlation coefficients between the 15 item scores and the total score of the SC-BCIS all met the screening criteria.The Cronbach's α coef-ficient of the scale was 0.69,the test-retest ICC value was 0.82,the ICC coefficient between the SC-BCIS and ITAQ scales was 0.83,and the scale had a two-factor structure,with a cumulative contribution rate of 42.4％for the two factors.Conclusion:The Simplified Chinese version of the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale(SC-BCIS)has good validity and reliability in measuring cognitive insight in patients with schizophrenia.

Objective:Exploring the association between Life's Crucial 9 (LC9) and the risk of thyroid dysfunction (TD), as well as its potential predictive capacity.Methods:A total of 247 600 TD-free participants from the UK Biobank were enrolled in the study. The LC9 score was divided into three CVH groups: low (0-), medium (50-), and high (80-100). Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate the HRs and 95% CIs of the risk of TD with LC9 CVH status. Calculate Harrell's concordance index ( C-index), net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) to evaluate the predictive ability of the LC9 score and Life's Essential 8 (LE8) score. Results:During a median follow-up of 12.3 years, 5 515, 911, and 4 869 new cases of TD, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism were documented, respectively. Participants with a high LE8 CVH group had 57.00% ( HR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.38-0.49), 55.00% ( HR=0.45, 95% CI: 0.34-0.60), and 58.00% ( HR=0.42, 95% CI: 0.37-0.47) lower risk of TD, hyperthyroidism, and hypothyroidism, respectively, than those with low CVH group. Compared with the LE8 score, the improvement in C-index for the LC9 score predicted TD risk was 0.004 (95% CI: 0.001-0.007), the NRI was 0.101 (95% CI: 0.021-0.103), and the IDI was 0.001 (95% CI: 0.000-0.001). Conclusions:The better CVH status, defined by LC9, was associated with a lower risk of TD. Compared to the LE8 score, the LC9 score demonstrated a significant enhancement in both risk discrimination and reclassification capability for TD risk.

Background: In the field of neuroscience research, executive functions (EFs) are of great significance. Patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) often encounter the problem of EFs impairment, which severely affects their lives and health.However, currently, the methods for evaluating EFs in experimental mice are limited, and there is a lack of effective evaluation indicators for touchscreen behavioral tests in different disease model mice. This study aims to establish a paradigm process and an evaluation baseline for touchscreen behavioral analysis in PD model mice, deeply explore the mechanisms of EFs impairment in PD, and provide a crucial foundation for subsequent research and treatment. Methods: Thirty clean - grade SNCA*A53T transgenic mice and forty clean - grade C57BL/6J wild - type mice were selected. For A53T mice, genetic identification was carried out. Molecular biology techniques such as PCR were used to determine their genetic characteristics. Protein detection was conducted through methods like Western blot to clarify the expression of relevant proteins. In terms of behavioral tests, the five - choice serial reaction time task (5 - CSRT) was adopted, and various behavioral data of mice in this task were recorded. Four groups were set up: the control group, the MPTP group. Different groups of mice were given specific treatments. For example, the MPTP group of mice was injected with MPTP to construct a drug - induced PD model. Principal component analysis (PCA) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the obtained touchscreen behavioral baseline indicators of mice, and key indicators were screened and evaluated. Results: In the 5 - CSRT, the optimal stage for wild - type C57 mice to achieve an accuracy rate of ≥ 80% was from the 11th to the 13th cycle, while for A53T mice, it was the 11th cycle. The EFs of A53T mice were impaired, with abnormalities in the accuracy rate, trace number, and number of punished times in the 5 - CSRT. When identifying drug - induced PD models, the 13th cycle of the 5 - CSRT was more effective; when identifying transgenic PD models, the 11th cycle was more suitable. Interventions could be carried out after the baseline accuracy rate reached 80%. Through the “genetic - environmental” dual - axis drive, the “chronic - acute” time - dimension complementarity, and the “mechanism - transformation” multi - level verification, the A53T and MPTP dual models were used to comprehensively cover the pathological cycle of PD EFs impairment. Conclusions This study has successfully established a paradigm process and an evaluation baseline for touchscreen behavioral analysis in PD model mice. This provides an important basis for a deep understanding of the mechanisms of EFs impairment in PD patients, has potential guiding significance for the development of intervention strategies and treatment methods for EFs impairment in PD patients, and is expected to promote new progress in PD research in the field of neuroscience.

In order to promote the development of grassroots hospitals through targeted assistance,ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University took the lead in responding in Guangdong Province and established a tight-ly-knit specialty alliance belonging to Zhujiang.It introduces the construction content,principles and measures of Zhujiang Tightly-Knit Specialty Alliance,and proposes a dual-promotion management model for the tightly-knit Spe-cialty Alliance.A comprehensive comparison of the changes in specialized technical capabilities and medical quality of Guangning County People's Hospital before and after aid shows that the close specialist alliance has achieved initial results in effectively promoting the sinking of resources and improving the medical technology capabilities and quality of member units.It is of great practical significance for further promoting the development of specialist alliances and filling the shortcomings of primary medical institutions.

In order to promote the development of grassroots hospitals through targeted assistance,ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University took the lead in responding in Guangdong Province and established a tight-ly-knit specialty alliance belonging to Zhujiang.It introduces the construction content,principles and measures of Zhujiang Tightly-Knit Specialty Alliance,and proposes a dual-promotion management model for the tightly-knit Spe-cialty Alliance.A comprehensive comparison of the changes in specialized technical capabilities and medical quality of Guangning County People's Hospital before and after aid shows that the close specialist alliance has achieved initial results in effectively promoting the sinking of resources and improving the medical technology capabilities and quality of member units.It is of great practical significance for further promoting the development of specialist alliances and filling the shortcomings of primary medical institutions.