To address the problem of large reconstruction errors in 3D pulse signals caused by excessively small out-of-plane displacement of the contact membrane in the existing traditional Chinese medicine fingertip tactile binocular vision detection technology, this study proposes a 3D pulse image detection method based on subtle motion magnification technology and explores its application in pulse pattern recognition. Firstly, a 3D pulse image detection system based on binocular vision to obtain pulse image signals is developed as experimental data. Then, the phase motion video magnification algorithm is used to amplify the original signals, and the amplified signals are reconstructed in three dimensions to obtain 3D pulse signals. On this basis, nine features are extracted from the 3D pulse signals and features selection is performed using a two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Finally, machine learning algorithms such as decision trees and random forests are used to identify the five types of pulse conditions: deep pulse, intermittent pulse, flooding pulse, slippery pulse, and rapid pulse. The experimental results show that compared to the methods without subtle motion magnification technology, the proposed method significantly improves waveform clarity, amplitude stability, and periodic regularity. Meanwhile, the average accuracy in pulse pattern recognition reaches 96.29%±0.26%.
Algorithms ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods* ; Pattern Recognition, Automated ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Motion ; Humans ; Pulse ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Machine Learning

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), a chronic interstitial lung disease, is characterized by aberrant wound healing, excessive scarring and the formation of myofibroblastic foci. Although the role of alternative splicing (AS) in the pathogenesis of organ fibrosis has garnered increasing attention, its specific contribution to pulmonary fibrosis remains incompletely understood. In this study, we identified an up-regulation of serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 7 (SRSF7) in lung fibroblasts derived from IPF patients and a bleomycin (BLM)-induced mouse model, and further characterized its functional role in both human fetal lung fibroblasts and mice. We demonstrated that enhanced expression of Srsf7 in mice spontaneously induced alveolar collagen accumulation. Mechanistically, we investigated alternative splicing events and revealed that SRSF7 modulates the alternative splicing of pyruvate kinase (PKM), leading to metabolic dysregulation and fibroblast activation. In vivo studies showed that fibroblast-specific knockout of Srsf7 in conditional knockout mice conferred resistance to bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Importantly, through drug screening, we identified lomitapide as a novel modulator of SRSF7, which effectively mitigated experimental pulmonary fibrosis. Collectively, our findings elucidate a molecular pathway by which SRSF7 drives fibroblast metabolic dysregulation and propose a potential therapeutic strategy for pulmonary fibrosis.

Objectives:To explore the morphological changes of the superficial and deep thoraolumbar paraspinal muscles on both convex and concave sides during rest and contraction states in patients with mod-erate adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS),and their effects on scoliosis angle,to analyze the relations between scoliosis angle and the morphological changes of paraspinal muscles.Methods:21 AIS patients(thoracic Cobb angle 20°-45°,S-shaped with the main curve in thoracic segment,4 males and 17 females,aged 13.9±1.6 years old)treated in our hospital from July 2020 to December 2023 and 21 healthy subjects(7 males and 14 females,aged 14.6±1.4 years old)were prospectively enrolled.The morphological data of thoracolumbar paraspinal muscles were collected with musculoskeletal ultrasound,including the resting thickness and thick-ness during maximum voluntary isometric contraction(MVIC)of superficial erector spinae(ES)and multifidus(MF)muscles of AIS patients on both convex and concave sides(left and right sides of healthy controls).The differences in resting thickness,contraction thickness,change rate of contraction thickness,and total resting thickness and total contraction thickness(ES+MF)of superficial and deep thoracolumbar paravertebral muscles between the two groups were analyzed,and the structural characteristics of the thoracolumbar paravertebral muscles on the convex and concave sides of AIS were analyzed.The correlation between Cobb angle in tho-racolumbar segment and morphological indexes(resting thickness,contraction thickness change rates)of ES and MF muscles was analyzed,and the influence of scoliosis severity on the morphology of superficial and deep paravertebral muscle was further analyzed.Results:In AIS patients,the mean thoracic Cobb angle were 31.62°±7.68°,and mean lumbar Cobb angle were 19.52°±6.48°.Comparing with healthy controls,patients with AIS were significantly different in resting thickness,contraction thickness and thickness change rates of tho-racic paraspinal muscles on both convex and concave sides,and the resting thickness of ES in thoracic seg-ment on concave side was less than that on the convex side,which of MF was less on the convex side than on the concave side(P＜0.01).The contraction thickness of thoracic MF muscles on the convex and concave sides in S-type AIS patients was smaller than that in healthy controls(P＜0.05),while the contraction thickness of thoracic ES muscles on the convex and concave side wasn't statistically different from that of healthy con-trols,and the contraction thickness change rate of ES muscles on the convex and MF on the concave side of thoracic segment in AIS patients was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the total resting thickness of thoracic(convex and concave)paravertebral muscles(ES+MF)between AIS patients and the corresponding segments(left and right)of control group(P＞0.05),and there was no statistically signifi-cant difference in the total resting thickness of thoracic paravertebral muscle between the convex and concave sides of AIS patients(P＞0.05).The total contraction thickness of thoracic paravertebral muscle(ES+MF)in AIS patients was lower than that in control group(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the resting thickness,contraction thickness and thickness change rate of lumbar MF muscle on the convex and concave sides in AIS patients were significantly reduced(P＜0.05),and the contraction thickness change rate of the lumbar ES muscle on the concave side was less than that of the control group(P＜0.05).There were no significant differ-ences in resting thickness and contraction thickness between the convex and concave paravertebral muscles in AIS patients(P＞0.05).The total resting thickness(ES+MF)and total contraction thickness(ES+MF)of lumbar(convex and concave)paraspinal muscles in AIS patients were lower than those in control group(P＜0.05).There was a significant negative correlation between the Cobb angle of the main thoracic curve and the rest-ing thickness of the thoracic MF muscle on the concave and the change rate of the contraction thickness of the thoracic ES muscle on the convex in S-type AIS patients(r=-0.53/-0.45,P＜0.05).There was no signifi-cant correlation between the Cobb angle of lumbar segment and the change rates of the resting thickness and contraction thickness of ES and MF muscles on both convex and concave sides(P＞0.05).Conclusions:In pa-tients with moderate S-type AIS,there are different muscle morphological changes in the paraspinal muscles on both convex and concave sides of the main thoracic curve,and the concave paravertebral muscle is more affected by scoliosis;The contraction function of the bilateral deep core stabilizing muscles in the lumbar re-gion is markedly decreased.Different patterns of superficial and deep muscle atrophy and contractility decline may be a key cause of spinal movement disorder and scoliosis progression in AIS patients.

Objective:To compare the active respiratory circulation technique (ACBT) with the oscillatory positive pressure expiration technique (OPEP) in terms of their ability to improve pulmonary function and minimize complications after cardiac surgery, seeking to define an airway management strategy for such patients.Methods:A total of 101 patients who had undergone cardiac surgery were randomly divided into an ACBT group ( n=50) and an OPEP group ( n=51). On the 1st day after the operation, in addition to conventional medical treatment and early rehabilitation, the subjects were additionally provided with daily 20-minute sessions of ACBT or OPEP training for seven consecutive days. Before the operation, and on the 3rd and 7th day afterward, lung function was assessed using a pulmonary edema imaging assessment system (RALE), computed tomography and pulmonary function indexes. Any complications were also noted. Six-minute walking distance and the Barthel index quantified exercise endurance and ability in the activities of daily living, respectively. Turbidimetry was used to determine the levels of C-reactive protein in the blood. The duration of mechanical ventilation required, ICU stay time, length of postoperative and total hospital stays were also recorded. Results:On day seven after the operation, the average RALE scores of the ACBT and OPEP groups were (12.40±4.37) and (10.20±4.66), respectively—a significant difference. At the same time point, the incidence of atelectasis in the OPEP group was significantly lower than in the ACBT group. The OPEP group′s average maximum inspiratory pressure was a greater percentage of the predicted value, and its average 6-minute walk and BI score were also better. On the 3rd day after the operation, the incidence of lung consolidation in the ACBT group was significantly lower than that in the OPEP group, on average.Conclusions:The curative effect of ACBT is better than that of OPEP in the first few days after such an operation, but after a week OPEP more effectively restores respiratory muscle strength and relieves pulmonary complications. It is recommended to apply these two techniques in stages to optimize postoperative airway management. RALE scoring is an ideal tool for dynamic monitoring of pulmonary complications after cardiac surgery.

Objective:To explore the clinical and pathological features and survival outcomes of patients with early-onset intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EOICC).Methods:This is a multicenter, retrospective cohort study. Data of 1 160 intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients undergoing radical resection in 14 tertiary Grade A hospitals in China from January 2010 to November 2021 were retrospectively collected. The cohort included 632 males and 528 females, aged( M (IQR)) 61 (14) years (range: 22 to 93 years). ICC aged ≤50 years at the time of diagnosis was defined as EOICC and >50 years as late-onset intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (LOICC). Of these, there were 247 cases in the EOICC group and 913 cases in the LOICC. The clinical and pathological characteristics of both groups were analyzed and compared using the independent sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U test or Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models for patient outcomes were constructed and forest graphed. Results:Compared with the patients in the LOICC group, patients in the EOICC group had lower carcinoembryonic antigen levels (2.5(4.0) μg/L vs. 3.1(5.2)μg/L, U=124 899, P=0.009) and CA19-9 level (63.4(524.7)U/ml vs. 77.9(611.3)U/ml, U=120 320, P=0.013), higher levels of ALT (29(35)U/L vs. 24(26)U/L, U=101 214, P=0.013), a lower score of the Eastern US Cooperative Oncology Group (0 score patients: 54.7% vs. 44.1%, χ2=12.472, P=0.014), higher TNM stage ( χ2=11.807, P=0.038), and proportion of lymph node dissection (62.3% vs. 54.1%, χ2=5.355, P=0.021). Patients in the two groups in sex, first diagnosis symptoms, intrahepatic bile duct stone history, nail protein, albumin, total bilirubin, transaminase, liver function Child-Pugh grade, T stage, stage, N stage, preoperative laparoscopic exploration proportion, tumor diameter, vascular invasion proportion, differentiation, margin, intraoperative bleeding, postoperative complications, postoperative hospital days were no statistical significance (all P>0.05). Patients in the EOICC group had better outcomes than the LOICC group (median survival time: 29.7 months vs. 25.0 months, 3-year overall survival: 45.1% vs. 37.8%, P=0.027). Conclusion:EOICC patients are better than LOICC patients in carcinoembryonic antigen, CA19-9, ALT, physical strength status and TNM stage, and the long-term prognosis is also better than LOICC patients.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical value of long non-coding RNA GAS5(lncRNA GAS5)and matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP9)in the serum of patients with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods A total of 115 NSCLC patients who were treated in our hospital from December 2018 to December 2019 were collected as the NSCLC group.Based on prognosis,they were grouped into a survival group of 94 cases and a death group of 21 cases;another 115 volunteers who were physically healthy in our hospital during the same period were selected as the control group.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR)was applied to measure serum lncRNA GAS5 level;Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was applied to measure serum MMP9 level;Pearson was applied to analyze the correlation between serum lncRNA GAS5 level and MMP9 level in NSCLC patients;receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was applied to evaluate the value of serum lncRNA GAS5 and MMP9 levels in the diagnosis of NSCLC;multivariate Cox regression was applied to analyze the influencing factors of prognosis in NSCLC patients.Results Compared with the control group,the serum lncRNA GAS5 level in the NSCLC group obviously decreased,while the MMP9 level obviously increased(P＜0.05);a negative correlation between serum lncRNA GAS5 level and MMP9 level in NSCLC patients(r=-0.523,P＜0.05);the levels of serum lncRNA GAS5 and MMP9 were correlated with tumor diameter,TNM staging,and lymph node metastasis(P＜0.05);the area under the curve(AUC)of serum lncRNA GAS5 and MMP9 levels for diagnosing NSCLC was 0.842 and 0.916,respectively,the AUC of the combined diagnosis of the two was 0.952,which was superior to their individual diagnoses(Z=3.904 and 1.982,P＜0.05);the serum lncRNA GAS5 level in the death group was obviously lower than that in the survival group,while the serum MMP9 level in the death group was obviously higher than that in the survival group(P＜0.05);Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that high levels of lncRNAGAS5 were independent protective factors for poor prognosis in NSCLC while high levels of MMP9 and lymph node metastasis Migration is an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in NSCLC(P＜0.05).Conclusion The serum lncRNA GAS5 level is significantly reduced and MMP9 level is significantly increased in NSCLC patients,both of which have certain potential value in the clinical diagnosis of NSCLC and are factors affecting the poor prognosis of NSCLC.

BACKGROUND:The extracellular-regulated protein kinase 5(ERK5)signaling protein is essential for the survival of organisms,and resveratrol can promote osteoblast proliferation through various pathways.However,whether resveratrol can regulate osteoblast function through the ERK5 signaling protein needs further verification. OBJECTIVE:To explore the regulatory effect of ERK5 on the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells and related secreted proteins,and to further verify whether resveratrol can complete the above process by activating ERK5. METHODS:Mouse MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts were treated with complete culture medium,XMD8-92(an ERK5 inhibitor),epidermal growth factor(an ERK5 activator),resveratrol alone,XMD8-92+EGF,and resveratrol+XMD8-92,respectively.Western blot assay was used to detect the expression of ERK5 and p-ERK5 proteins,proliferation-related proteins Cyclin D1,CDK4 and PCNA,and osteoblast-secreted proteins osteoprotegerin and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand in MC3T3-E1 cells of each group.The fluorescence intensity of ERK5,osteoprotegerin and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand in each group was detected by cell immunofluorescence staining,and cell proliferation was detected by EdU staining,respectively.The appropriate concentration and time of resveratrol intervention in MC3T3-E1 cells were determined by cell morphology observation and cell counting kit-8 assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The activation of ERK5 signaling protein could effectively promote the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells,up-regulate the osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand ratio.The appropriate concentration and time for resveratrol intervention in MC3T3-E1 cells was 5 μmol/L and 24 hours,respectively.Resveratrol could activate ERK5 signaling protein,thereby promoting osteoblast proliferation and up-regulating the osteoprotegerin/RANKL ratio.All these results indicate that resveratrol can promote the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells and up-regulate the osteoprotegerin/RANKL ratio by activating the ERK5 signaling protein.

Pyroptosis is a form of programmed cell death that differs from classical apoptosis and passive necrosis.It plays a crucial role in activating innate immune responses,driving local inflam-matory reactions,regulating immune cell activation and infiltration,and remodeling the tumor immune microenvironment.In recent years,the role of pyroptosis in the initiation,progression,and treatment response of urological tumors has garnered increasing attention.Current studies have demonstrated that pyroptosis exhibits dual regulatory effects in various tumors:on the one hand,it exerts anti-tumor effects by inducing lytic death of tumor cells;on the other hand,under specific microenvironmental conditions,the chronic inflammatory response mediated by pyroptosis may promote immune escape,thereby driving tumor progression.This review systematically summarized the similarities and differ-ences in the molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis in three common urological tumors,namely renal cell carcinoma,bladder cancer,and prostate cancer.It also summarized the regulatory networks and po-tential therapeutic targets during tumor initiation and progression.Furthermore,it elucidated the re-search progress on enhancing the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors by modulating pyroptosis pathways,aiming to provide novel strategies and theoretical foundations for the precise treatment of u-rological.

Objective To explore the expression changes of KIAA1199 and Linc00673 genes in non-small cell lung cancer patients before and after chemotherapy,and to further evaluate the potential value of these two genes as molecular markers in predicting chemotherapy efficacy.Methods A total of 58 patients with stage Ⅲ-ⅣNSCLC admitted to the Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang and Fengfeng General Hospital of North China Medical Health Group from August 2019 to August 2021 were selected.Peripheral blood PBMCs were collected from patients 2 days before treatment and after two cycles of treatment to detect the expression levels of KIAA1199 and Linc00673 genes.The chemotherapy efficacy of patients was statistically analyzed,and the value of KIAA1199 and Linc00673 genes as molecular markers in predicting chemotherapy efficacy was assessed using ROC curve analysis.Results After 2 cycles of chemotherapy,20 out of 58 patients showed disease progression,accounting for 34.48%.qPCR results showed no statistically significant difference in the expression levels of KIAA1199 and Linc00673 genes between progressed and non-progressed patients before treatment(P>0.05).After treatment,the expression levels of KIAA1199 and Linc00673 genes were significantly lower in non-progressed patients compared to progressed patients(P<0.01).ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of combined detection was significantly higher than that of KIAA1199 gene and Linc00673 gene alone(Z=3.054,5.178,P<0.05).Conclusion In NSCLC patients undergoing chemotherapy,the expression of KIAA1199 and Linc00673 genes shows significant differences based on therapeutic efficacy,with KIAA1199 being more suitable as a biomarker for predicting chemotherapy efficacy.

Copper death plays a significant regulatory role in biological processes. An increasing number of studies have revealed the mechanism, function, and potential clinical application value of copper death in bladder cancer. The emergence of copper death can provide new ideas for the treatment of bladder cancer. This article summarizes the role and regulation mechanism of copper death in bladder cancer, and reviews the research progress of copper-related proteins, copper death-related signaling pathways, copper nanoparticles, and copper carriers in bladder cancer, which is expected to provide new ideas and directions for the treatment of bladder cancer.