Objective::To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy and clinical application of the Obstetrical Chinese Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Scoring System (OCDSS).Methods::This study is a retrospective study that collected 1063 cases from Wuhan Union Hospital, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, and the Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture between July 2017 and June 2024. These cases were divided into DIC and non-DIC groups based on score standard. Diagnosis of DIC, the rate of hysterectomy, neonatal mortality, and severe asphyxia are the main outcome measures. All the laboratory indicators are all determined by clinical laboratory department of the hospital. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range) and frequencies. Independent sample t-test or non-parametric test were used to compare measurement data, while the chi-square test was used for count data. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under curve (AUC) were used to test the predictive accuracy. Using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to study the high-risk factors. P < 0.050 indicates a statistical significance. Results::Of 1063 participants in this study, 29 participants (2.73%) were diagnosed with obstetrical DIC by OCDSS score standard, and all the participants were diagnosed as DIC with underlying disease. When the Takao, Clark, and Erez score standard is the "gold standard", the OCDSS score standard always shows good sensitivity and specificity, with all the AUC over 0.75. OCDSS score standard also has better predictive of hysterectomy (68.18%, 91.07%, 0.872), severe neonatal asphyxia and death (79.17%, 75.07%, 0.842) than the other three score standards. All the indicators included in the OCDSS score standard contributed to the DIC diagnosis (all the P < 0.001). The indicators in the DIC group were more abnormal than the non-DIC group (all the P < 0.001). Conclusion::OCDSS is a first score standard, especially for pregnancies, it considers the underlying disease, clinical symptoms, and laboratory results. This score system shared a good diagnosis performance for DIC in the Chinese population and may help clinicians make timely decisions.

Objective:To explore the effects of parathyroid hormone(PTH)on the osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts by reg-ulating macrophage polarization in inflammatory microenvironment.Methods:Macrophages were pretreated with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)for 2 h to establish an inflammatory microenvironment model,and then treated with PTH for 24 h.Macrophages and osteo-blasts were co-cultured in Transwell cells.Alkaline phosphatase staining,alizarin red staining,RT-qPCR and Western blot were applied to detect osteogenic differentiation.The expression of SOCS1/JAK2/STAT3 protein in macrophages was detected by West-ern blot.The change of STAT3 expression was detected after adding AG490.The expression of miR-155-5p,SOCS1,IL-1β,IL-6 and i-NOS was detected by ELISA and RT-qPCR.Results:LPS induced M1-type polarization of macrophages and inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts.PTH inhibited the polarization of M1-type macrophages and promoted the osteogenic differ-entiation of osteoblasts in inflammatory microenvironment(P＜0.05).PTH down-regulated the expression of miR-155-5p,IL-1β,IL-6,i-NOS,p-JAK2/JAK2 and p-STAT3/STAT3 in macrophages under inflammatory microenvironment(P＜0.05),and up-reg-ulated SOCS1(P＜0.05).AG490 further inhibited p-STAT3/STAT3 expression.Conclusion:PTH inhibits the polarization of M1-type macrophages and promotes osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts by down-regulating miR-155-5p and then targeting SOCS1/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in inflammatory microenvironment.

Objective::To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy and clinical application of the Obstetrical Chinese Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Scoring System (OCDSS).Methods::This study is a retrospective study that collected 1063 cases from Wuhan Union Hospital, Yichang Central People’s Hospital, and the Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture between July 2017 and June 2024. These cases were divided into DIC and non-DIC groups based on score standard. Diagnosis of DIC, the rate of hysterectomy, neonatal mortality, and severe asphyxia are the main outcome measures. All the laboratory indicators are all determined by clinical laboratory department of the hospital. Data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range) and frequencies. Independent sample t-test or non-parametric test were used to compare measurement data, while the chi-square test was used for count data. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under curve (AUC) were used to test the predictive accuracy. Using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to study the high-risk factors. P < 0.050 indicates a statistical significance. Results::Of 1063 participants in this study, 29 participants (2.73%) were diagnosed with obstetrical DIC by OCDSS score standard, and all the participants were diagnosed as DIC with underlying disease. When the Takao, Clark, and Erez score standard is the "gold standard", the OCDSS score standard always shows good sensitivity and specificity, with all the AUC over 0.75. OCDSS score standard also has better predictive of hysterectomy (68.18%, 91.07%, 0.872), severe neonatal asphyxia and death (79.17%, 75.07%, 0.842) than the other three score standards. All the indicators included in the OCDSS score standard contributed to the DIC diagnosis (all the P < 0.001). The indicators in the DIC group were more abnormal than the non-DIC group (all the P < 0.001). Conclusion::OCDSS is a first score standard, especially for pregnancies, it considers the underlying disease, clinical symptoms, and laboratory results. This score system shared a good diagnosis performance for DIC in the Chinese population and may help clinicians make timely decisions.

Objective:To explore the effects of parathyroid hormone(PTH)on the osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts by reg-ulating macrophage polarization in inflammatory microenvironment.Methods:Macrophages were pretreated with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)for 2 h to establish an inflammatory microenvironment model,and then treated with PTH for 24 h.Macrophages and osteo-blasts were co-cultured in Transwell cells.Alkaline phosphatase staining,alizarin red staining,RT-qPCR and Western blot were applied to detect osteogenic differentiation.The expression of SOCS1/JAK2/STAT3 protein in macrophages was detected by West-ern blot.The change of STAT3 expression was detected after adding AG490.The expression of miR-155-5p,SOCS1,IL-1β,IL-6 and i-NOS was detected by ELISA and RT-qPCR.Results:LPS induced M1-type polarization of macrophages and inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts.PTH inhibited the polarization of M1-type macrophages and promoted the osteogenic differ-entiation of osteoblasts in inflammatory microenvironment(P＜0.05).PTH down-regulated the expression of miR-155-5p,IL-1β,IL-6,i-NOS,p-JAK2/JAK2 and p-STAT3/STAT3 in macrophages under inflammatory microenvironment(P＜0.05),and up-reg-ulated SOCS1(P＜0.05).AG490 further inhibited p-STAT3/STAT3 expression.Conclusion:PTH inhibits the polarization of M1-type macrophages and promotes osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts by down-regulating miR-155-5p and then targeting SOCS1/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in inflammatory microenvironment.

BACKGROUND:Bone defects are caused by many factors,such as inflammation,tumor,trauma or bone diseases.Erythropoietin can promote the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts and osteoclasts and act on vascular endothelial cells to induce angiogenesis and accelerate the repair of bone and cartilage defects.Erythropoietin is a growth factor with potential application in bone tissue engineering construction. OBJECTIVE:To expound the application and potential mechanism of erythropoietin in bone tissue engineering. METHODS:The first author searched the related articles published in CNKI,WanFang,VIP,and PubMed databases from 2004 to 2022 by computer.Search terms were"erythropoietin,bone defect,bone regeneration,angiogenesis,osteogenesis,osteoblast,osteoclast,bone tissue engineering"in Chinese and English.Finally,64 articles were included for review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Erythropoietin can directly act on osteoblasts and osteoclasts in the bone marrow microenvironment by promoting the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts,osteoclasts,adipocytes,nerve cells and stromal cells.The activation of Wnt/β-catenin,hypoxia-inducible factor 1α/vascular endothelial growth factor,p38 MAPK and EphrinB2/EphB4 signaling pathways mediates the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.(2)Erythropoietin can not only regulate the production of erythrocytes to alter the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood but also stimulate vascular endothelial cells to promote angiogenesis.The new blood vessels can carry oxygen,nutrients,growth factors,and bone progenitor cells necessary for osteogenesis to the osteogenic site,thereby promoting bone formation and fracture healing.(3)Currently,erythropoietin is being used as a growth factor with osteogenic and angiogenic effects in various types of scaffold materials such as chitosan,polycaprolactone,bioceramics,and nanofibers through various drug delivery methods.Erythropoietin,along with other growth factors such as bone morphogenetic protein-2 and bone morphogenetic protein-9,has been applied to the surface of scaffold materials to participate in the repair of bone defects.Erythropoietin has demonstrated excellent practicality in the construction of new tissue-engineered bone and has potential clinical application value.

Objective This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of Sanjie Quban recipe in a keloid nude mice model and its impact on transforming growth factor-β 1(TGF-β1).Methods Keloid tissue after surgical resection was subcutaneously transplanted into the backs of healthy SPF BALB/C female nude mice,aged 6～8 weeks,and a keloid nude mice model was thus established.The mice were randomly divided into three groups,the Sanjie Quban recipe group,the Asiaticoside tablet group and the control gnup,with five in each group.They were respectively treated with Sanjie Quban recipe,Asiaticoside tablets,or sterile pure water.After 28 days of continuous gavage,the keloid tissue was exfoliated and weighed,and HE staining,Masson staining,and immunohistochemical staining for TGF-β1 were conducted.Differences in keloid weight between the three groups before and after treatment were compared,as were the differences in collagen fiber,fibroblast numbers,and TGF-β1 expression between the three groups after treatment.Results The difference in keloid weight before and after treatment in the Asiaticoside tablet group was greater than that of the control group,and the weight difference before and after treatment keloid treatment was the largest in the Sanjie Quban recipe group(P＜0.01).Compared with the control group,collagen fibers in the Sanjie Quban recipe group were looser and less numerous,and fibroblasts were decreased in number.The expression of TGF-β1 in the Sanjie Quban recipe group was decreased compared with that of the control group(P＜0.01).Conclusions Sanjie Quban recipe has certain therapeutic effects on keloids.The mechanism may involve reducing the expression of TGF-βl in keloid tissue and thereby reducing the proliferation of fibroblasts and the synthesis of extracellular matrix.This study provides experimental and theoretical bases for the clinical treatment of keloids with Chinese medicine.

Sodium hypochlorite(NaClO)overflow through apical foramen or damaged root canal wall and enter into soft tissue is rare during root canal treatment.This article reports a case of NaClO overflow during root canal treatment.Through literatures review,the symptoms,treatment methods and preventive measures of such cases are analyzed and discussed to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To compare the efficacy of anterior-posterior and posterior-anterior screw fixation for posterior malleolar fractures surgery.Methods A retrospective analysis of 376 cases of posterior malleolar fractures treated with lag screws from January 2011 to October 2022 with more than 12 months of follow-up period was conducted.The patients were divided into two subgroups based on the thickness of the fracture fragment,with 167 cases in the small fracture subgroup having a fracture fragment thickness＜17 mm(screw thread length)and 209 cases in the large fracture subgroup having a fracture fragment thickness ≥ 17 mm.Each subgroup was further divided into anterior-posterior and posterior-anterior groups based on the direction of screw fixation in the posterior malleolar fracture surgery.In the small fracture subgroups,there were 74 cases in the anterior-posterior group and 93 cases in the posterior-anterior group.In the large fracture subgroup,there were 88 cases in the anterior-posterior group and 121 cases in the posterior-anterior group.The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS)ankle-hindfoot score was measured at the last follow-up.The displacement of the fracture fragment in the direction of the fracture line(Dn)and perpendicular to the fracture line(Dt)were measured on the first day after surgery and at the last follow-up,and the displacement of the fracture fragment was calculated,which was the difference between Dn+Dt at the last follow-up and Dn+Dt on the first day after surgery.Results On the first day after surgery,X-ray showed no significant difference in Dn and Dt between the anterior-posterior and posterior-anterior groups in both of the small and large fracture subgroups(P＞0.05).The entire group was followed up for 12-85 months,with an average of 19.3 months.In the small fracture subgroup,the displacement of the fracture fragment in the posterior-anterior group[(0.11±0.19)mm]was superior to that in the anterior-posterior group[(0.19±0.21)mm;P=0.011],and the AOFAS score was also superior to that in the anterior-posterior group[(80.2±8.4)points vs.(76.2±8.6)points,P=0.003].In the large fracture subgroup,there was no significant difference in fracture displacement between the posterior-anterior group[(0.11±0.18)mm]and the anterior-posterior group[(0.12±0.19)mm;P=0.630],and there was also no significant difference in AOFAS scores[(84.1±7.8)points vs.(82.8±7.6)points,P=0.246].Conclusions There is no significant difference in the reduction effect between anterior-posterior and posterior-anterior lag screw internal fixation for posterior malleolar fractures in trimalleolar fractures.For patients with fracture thickness＜17 mm,posterior-anterior fixation is superior to anterior-posterior fixation;for patients with fracture thickness ≥17 mm,there is no significant difference in the efficacy between anterior-posterior and posterior-anterior fixation.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of Qinggan Huashi Huoxue Decoction combined with conventional Western medicine in the treatment of alcoholic cirrhosis with spleen deficiency and phlegm stasis syndrome.Methods:Randomized controlled trial. A total of 110 patients from Tangshan Fengrun District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from March 2020 to March 2022 were selected as observation objects and divided into 2 groups with 55 patients in each group by computer random drawing method. The control group was treated with conventional Western medicine, while the observation group was treated with Qinggan Huashi Huoxue Decoction on the basis of the control group treatment. Both groups were treated for 3 months. The traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score was performed before and after treatment, and the levels of proline peptidase (PLD), type Ⅳ collagen (Ⅳ-C) and type Ⅰ procollagen aminopeptidase (PINP) were detected by phthalaldehyde contrast colorimetry, and the levels of pentamylin 3 (PTX3), protein kinase B (Akt) and B cell activating factor receptor (BAFF-R) were determined by ELISA. Adverse events were recorded and clinical efficacy was evaluated.Results:The total effective rate in the observation group was 92.73% (51/55), while that in the control group was 76.36% (42/55), the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2=5.64, P=0.018). After treatment, the score and total score of costal pain and fullness, swelling and firmness, anorexia, white and greasy tongue coating in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t values were 11.02, 7.36, 7.47, 6.38, 9.37, respectively, P<0.01). After treatment, the levels of serum PLD[(143.28±16.38)U/L vs. (160.69±18.35)U/L, t=5.25], Ⅳ-C[(71.93±8.33)μg/L vs. (83.12±9.91)μg/L, t=6.41], and PINP[(32.36±5.32)ng/L vs. (39.02±5.61)ng/L, t=6.39] in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01); The levels of PTX3[(36.82±4.96)ng/L vs. (42.14±5.83)ng/L, t=5.15], Akt[(69.22±7.94)ng/L vs. (77.24±8.63)ng/L, t=5.07], and BAFF-R[(15.29±3.64)ng/L vs. (19.92±4.15)ng/L, t=6.22] in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). During the treatment period, the incidence of adverse reactions was 12.73% (7/55) in the observation group and 9.09% (5/55) in the control group, with no statistically significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=0.37, P=0.541). Conclusion:Qinggan Huashi Huoxue Decoction combined with conventional Western medicine therapy can improve the Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome and the degree of liver fibrosis damage in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis with spleen deficiency and phlegm stasis syndrome, inhibit the expression of serum inflammatory factors, and improve clinical efficacy.

Objective:To explore the effect of goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) on the gastrointestinal function of patients after laparoscopic radical resection of cervical cancer.Methods:A total of 60 patients who were scheduled for laparoscopic radical resection of cervical cancer in Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital from October 2016 to September 2018 were selected. They were randomly divided into observation group and control group by random number table method, with 30 cases in each group. Patients in the observation group received GDFT, they were connected to the Flotrac/Vigile monitoring system, and the fluid supplementation was guided according to the changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP), stroke volume variability (SVV) and cardiac index, the goal was to maintain MAP≥60 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa), SVV≤13%, and cardiac index 2.5-4.0 L·min -1·m -2. The conventional fluid therapy was applied in the control group, and the liquid's input speed was adjusted according to the changes of MAP and central venous pressure (CVP) which were respectively maintained at 60-110 mmHg and 8-12 cmH 2O (1 cmH 2O = 0.098 kPa). The crystal/colloid input, bleeding volume and urine output were recorded. The first bowel sounds recovery time, exhaust time, postoperative hospitalization time, and the incidence of nausea and vomiting after surgery were recorded. Arterial blood and central venous blood were drawn before anesthesia induction and 12, 24 and 36 hours after operation to determine the concentrations of arterial blood lactate and central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO 2) as well as intestinal type fatty acid binding protein (IFABP). Results:Compared with the control group, the urine output was increased ( t = -7.738, P < 0.01), the crystal input was reduced ( t = -13.439, P < 0.01), the colloid input was increased ( t = -8.360, P < 0.01), the recovery time of first bowel sounds after surgery was shortened ( t = 6.694, P < 0.01), the exhaust time was shortened ( t = -10.326, P < 0.01), and the time of postoperative hospitalization was shortened ( t = -7.377, P < 0.01). The incidence of nausea and vomiting in the observation group were 10.0% (3/30) and 6.7% (2/30), which were lower than 33.3% (10/30) and 26.7% (8/30) in the control group ( χ2 = 4.812, P = 0.028; χ2 = 4.320, P = 0.038). Compared with the control group, the concentration of IFABP in the observation group was reduced at 12 h ( t = 2.983, P = 0.004), 24 h ( t = 6.452, P < 0.01), and 36 h ( t = -3.880, P < 0.01) after surgery; the concentration of lactate in the observation group was reduced at 12 h ( t = -7.377, P < 0.01), 24 h ( t = -6.036, P < 0.01), and 36 h ( t = -8.933, P < 0.01) after surgery; the value of ScvO 2 in the observation group was increased at 12 h ( t = 2.710, P = 0.009) and 24 h ( t = 2.387, P = 0.020) after surgery. Conclusion:GDFT can maintain the balance between oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption in the gastrointestinal mucosa cells, which can promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function of patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of cervical cancer.