With the rapid development of mobile internet technology, mobile health application (mHealth APP) are increasingly widely used in the field of health management and have been proven to play an important role in the management of chronic diseases. Solid organ transplant recipients face complex health management needs after surgery, including postoperative follow-up, medication management, prevention and treatment of complications and comorbidities, and lifestyle adjustment. mHealth APP can provide solid organ transplant recipients with convenient self-management tools. Although some progress has been made in this field, there are still many challenges, such as insufficient user experience, technological dependence, and data security risks. Therefore, this article discusses the development process, main functions and current application status of mHealth APP, and analyzes its advantages in improving the self-management ability of solid organ transplant recipients, promoting doctor-patient communication and reducing the incidence of complications. At the same time, based on the practical experience of author’s team in developing the “TransMate” mHealth APP, we propose the directions that mHealth APPs should focus on in the future, in order to provide more effective support and services for the health management of solid organ transplant recipients.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is the leading cause of respiratory failure with high morbidity and mortality. Pulmonary surfactant (PS)-based complementary therapies have exhibited potential for ARDS healing and applied as an adjunctive therapy strategy. Coacervate (Coac) has the characteristics of softness, deformability and excellent molecular enrichment properties, and has attracted extensive attention in the biomedical field. Here PS and coacervate were combined for the potential ARDS treatment. The Coac, fabricated from polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by simple mixing, exhibited soft droplet property and high enrichment for dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DSP). To avoid the fusion effect of membraneless coacervate and endow it with biological functions of PS, liposomes with PS-biomimetic lipid components (PS-lipo) were further introduced to construct PS-biomimetic membranized coacervate (DSP@PS-Coac). The DSP@PS-Coac demonstrated high lung targeting effect and significant penetration efficiency after intravenous injection. Furthermore, PS-lipo replenished the endogenous PS pool and facilitated the distribution of DSP in inflammatory cells in the lung. In the ARDS mouse model, PS-Coac and DSP exerted synergetic anti-inflammatory functions, via reducing the recruitment of inflammatory neutrophils and modulating macrophages into anti-inflammatory phenotype. The overall results confirmed that DSP@PS-Coac may provide a promising delivery option for the treatment of ARDS.

Xiaoaiping (XAP) Injection demonstrates the anti-prostate cancer (PCa) effects, yet the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the impact of XAP on PCa and elucidate its mechanism of action. PCa cell proliferation was evaluated using a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Cell apoptosis was assessed through Hoechst staining and Western blotting assays. Proteomics technology was employed to identify key molecules and significant signaling pathways modulated by XAP in PCa cells. To further validate potential key genes and important pathways, a series of assays were conducted, including acridine orange (AO) staining, transmission electron microscopy, and immunofluorescence assays. The molecular mechanism of XAP against PCa in vivo was examined using a PC3 xenograft mouse model. Results demonstrated that XAP significantly inhibited cell proliferation in multiple PCa cell lines. In C4-2 and prostate cancer cell line-3 (PC3) cells, XAP induced cellular apoptosis, evidenced by reduced B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) levels and elevated Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) levels. Proteomic, immunofluorescence, and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) investigations revealed a strong correlation between forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a) autophagic degradation and the anti-PCa action of XAP. XAP hindered autophagy by reducing the expression levels of autophagy-related protein 5 (Atg5)/autophagy-related protein 12 (Atg12) and enhancing FoxO3a expression and nuclear translocation. Furthermore, XAP exhibited potent anti-PCa action in PC3 xenograft mice and triggered FoxO3a nuclear translocation in tumor tissue. These findings suggest that XAP induces PCa apoptosis via inhibition of FoxO3a autophagic degradation, potentially offering a novel perspective on XAP injection as an effective anticancer therapy for PCa.
Male ; Humans ; Prostatic Neoplasms/physiopathology* ; Autophagy/drug effects* ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Proteomics ; Mice ; Apoptosis/drug effects* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects* ; Forkhead Box Protein O3/genetics* ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays ; Mice, Nude ; Mice, Inbred BALB C

Objective To evaluate the maturity and metabolic status of heterotopic ossification(HO)by single-photon emission computed tomography(SPECT)/CT fusion bone imaging.Methods The clinical and SPECT/CT fusion bone imaging data of 57 patients with HO confirmed by pathology or follow-up were analyzed retrospectively.HO was graded by CT,and the characteristics of radioactive concentration of HO were analyzed.Results Of 57 cases,single lesion in 52 cases,and multiple lesions in 5 cases,with a total of 63 lesions,mostly located in the hip joint(55.6%,35/63)and thigh(19.0%,12/63).There were 41 lesions in the middle stage and 22 lesions in the late stage.In the visual evaluation of SPECT/CT fusion bone imaging,the middle stage lesions were mostly clumps or flakes,with moderate or high radioactive concentration(75.6%,31/41),furthermore,the concentration range was larger than or equal to the total or limited range of CT ossification(21/41,50.1%),with high concentration mainly located in the mixed areas of ossification density.The concentration of the late stage lesions was mostly non-radioactive(72.7%,16/22).Conclusion SPECT/CT fusion bone imaging can show the range,degree and maturity of HO radioactive concentration,and can accurately locate the area with osteoblastic activity,which provides scientific basis for the selection of surgical timing.

Objective To explore the application efficacy and safety of oblique ultrasound-guided techniques in PICC puncture,in order to provide guidance and references for clinical application.Methods Through convenient sampling,654 patients from a tertiary A hospital in Zhejiang Province from March to December 2022 were selected as the study subjects.The random numbers were generated through Excel table functions and they were randomly grouped into 3 groups:A,B,and C.The ultrasound short axis method,long axis method,and oblique axis method were employed to guide PICC puncture catheterization,respectively.The success rate of PICC puncture,the number of subcutaneous adjustments of the puncture needle,puncture time,and the occurrence of puncture complications(such as hematoma,puncture of the posterior wall of blood vessels,accidental injury to arteries,and accidental injury to nerves)were recorded during the catheterization process in 3 groups.Results A total of 654 patients completed the study,including 215 in group A,219 in group B,and 220 in group C.The success rate of first-time puncture in the group C(86.36％)was higher than that in group A(73.95％)and group B(63.93％),and there was a statistically significant difference among 3 groups(P＜0.001).The subcutaneous adjustment frequency of the puncture needle was 1(1,1)in group C,1(1,2)in group A,and 1(1,2)in group B.The difference between 3 groups was statistically significant(P＜0.001);the puncture time of group C was shorter than that of group A and group B,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.001).There was a statistically significant difference in the puncture time between 3 groups(P＜0.017);the pairwise comparison of the number of subcutaneous needle adjustments and the success rate of a puncture between 3 groups showed that there was a statistical difference between group C and group A,and between group C and group B(P＜0.017),while there was no statistical difference between group A and group B(P＞0.017).There was statistical significance(P＜0.05)among 3 groups in terms of complications such as accidental nerve injury and puncture of the contralateral vascular wall by puncture needle,but there was no statistical significance in terms of accidental arterial injury and hematoma occurrence among 3 groups.Conclusion Compared with the short axis approach and the long axis approach,the ultrasound oblique axis approach guided PICC puncture has statistical differences in the success rate of a puncture and the incidence of puncture complications,etc.It is recommended to use the ultrasound oblique axis approach during PICC puncture.

Objective:To explore the characteristics of natural foci of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Gansu Province.Methods:The information of HFRS case data and rodent density monitoring data from 2012 to 2022 in Gansu Province were collected and epidemiological methods were used to analyze and investigate the characteristics of the epidemic focus.Results:A total of 869 cases of HFRS were reported, and four patients died from 2012 to 2022. The annual incidence rate is between 0.05 per 100 000 and 1.21 per 100 000. The cases were mainly distributed in the eastern, southeast, southern, and south of the central region of Gansu Province. Most cases were distributed between age 20-60, and the sex ratio was 1.85∶1 (564∶305). Most cases were farmers (61.80%, 537/869), herdsmen (19.79%,172/869) and students (6.33%, 55/869). In a wild rat-type epidemic focus,the incidence peak was from November to January of the following year. The natural rodent hosts of HFRS were Rattus norvegicus, Apodemus agrarius, and Mus musculus. The hantaan virus carriage rates were 2.79% (21/754), 0.42% (5/1 179) and 0.31% (2/643),respectively. Three epidemic foci were defined: two derived from the Pingliang and Gannan prefecture new outbreaks epidemic foci, respectively, while the other was the residue of the Dingxi epidemic focus. Conclusions:The southern, south of the central region and eastern part of Gansu Province are current key HFRS epidemic foci dominated by Rattus norvegicus, Apodemus agrarius, and Mus musculus, respectively. The virus genotype is hantaan virus. Case reporting areas should strengthen epidemic monitoring; the key epidemic areas should strengthen and implement various prevention and control measures to reduce the harm caused by HFRS.

An important issue facing university education is the adaptation and transformation of freshmen.In order to guide students to adapt to the needs of research-based learning,Jilin University has opened a freshman seminar for all first-year undergraduate students,emphasizing the cultivation of students'thinking patterns and learning abilities.For medical students,it is necessary to ap-ply the learned medical knowledge to clinical problem analysis.Therefore,it is particularly important to cultivate students'integrated thinking from basic to clinical at the beginning of enrollment.In recent years,organ system integration has gradually been carried out in medical schools both domestically and internationally.In the course of integrating the immune system and diseases,the morphology of the immune system is relatively abstract and difficult to observe.In the early stages of enrollment,students still lack the thinking of organ system integration,and the initial stage of immune system integration courses is difficult to carry out.Therefore,we aimed to guide students towards adaptability and academic transformation through freshman seminars,explored the integration of the immune system's organ system as a pathway,and used the BOPPPS teaching model as a means for preliminary exploration.In the freshman seminar,the main focus is on the"morphology and structure-mechanism and function-disease-diagnosis-treatment"of the immune sys-tem,helping students establish a learning mindset that integrates disease diagnosis and treatment based on basic medical courses such as immunology and anatomy.Using BOPPPS to reform the"teaching"of teachers,establishing a student-centered teaching model from six aspects:bridge,objective,pre-assessment,participatory learning,post-assessment and summary,can better guide students to actively think and participate in the entire learning process,focus on the construction of students'fragmented knowledge thinking mode,internalize medical humanities literacy,and improve the quality of medical talent cultivation in colleges and universities.

Objective:To compair the clinical effect of endoscopic spine surgery with and without assistance of an electromagnetic navigation surgical robot(ENSR) system in the treatment of lumbar disc herniations(LDH).Methods:From March 2021 to December 2021, 73 patients with LDH underwent endoscopic minimally invasive treatment in the Department of Spine Surgery, Limin Hospital of Weihai High District. Thirty-eight patients were treated with endoscopic spine surgery assisted by domestic ENSR system(ENSR group), and 35 patients were treated with endoscopic spine surgery alone(endoscopic group). The patients received follow up regularly by telephone or Wechat. The intraoperative fluoroscopy times, puncture times, upper facet arthroplasty times, operation time, preoperative and postoperative Visual Analogue Scale(VAS), Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores(JOA), and the MOS item short from health survey(SF-36)were compared between the 2 groups. The early postoperative efficacy was evaluated by modified MacNab criteria at 1 week after surgery. SPSS 26.0 was used to analyse the data. P<0.05 was considered that the difference was statistically significant. Results:The age, gender, body mass index(BMI) and other general data of the 2 groups were basically the same, and there was no statistically significant difference( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the excellent and good rate of postoperative treatment between ENSR group(97.37%) and endoscopic group(94.29%)( Z=0.90, P>0.05). In terms of operation time, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, puncture times, and plasty times, ENSR group[(67.00±17.00) min, (4±2) times, 1 time, 1 time, respectively] was compared with the endoscopic group[(82.00±16.00] min, (17±6) times, (9±5) times, (5±2) times], and the difference was statistically significant( t=3.87,12.62, 9.87, respectively, P<0.05). There were significant differences in VAS, JOA and SF-36 scores between the 2 groups between before and after surgery( F=106.42, 112.14, 26.88, respectively, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in VAS, JOA and SF-36 scores before and after surgery between the 2 groups( F=0.95, 3.54, 0.97, respectively, P>0.05). Conclusion:The endoscopic spine surgery assisted by the ENSR can achieve satisfactory clinical results and is a safe and effective surgical assistance system. For the endoscopic surgery, assisted by the ENSR has obvious advantages in reducing the times of fluoroscopy, puncture, and facet arthroplasty, and shortening the operation time.

Dioscoreae Rhizoma formula granules are made from decoction pieces by decocting， extracting， separating， concentrating， drying and granulating， which have the advantages of simple dispensing， convenient use and easy to take without decoction. However， because Dioscoreae Rhizoma is rich in starch and mucus components， its extract powder and formula granules are poorly soluble and difficult to dissolve or disperse completely within 5 min， and the insoluble material is difficult to dissolve completely even after 24 h in water， which affects the quality evaluation of the formula granules and medication psychology of patients. Therefore， by studying the dissolution process and mechanism of Dioscoreae Rhizoma extract and its formula granules， it was found that the special chemical composition of Dioscoreae Rhizoma， the denaturation of starch and its compounding with protein and other substances during the high temperature extraction process， and the contraction of coating membrane during the spray drying process were combined to form the special microstructure of coating membrane covering starch granules， and it is the root cause of poor solubility of Dioscoreae Rhizoma formula granules. Based on the research on the structure， property and function of the powder， this paper proposed a technical strategy to improve the solubility of Dioscoreae Rhizoma formula granules by powder modification process， and experimentally demonstrated that the modified Dioscoreae Rhizoma formula granules could completely dissolve within 2 min， which solved the technical problem and could provide reference for the improvement of solubility of other similar varieties， and promote the high-quality development of traditional Chinese medicine formula granule industry.