Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among construction workers. Methods A total of 5 783 workers were selected as participants from 12 construction companies in Guangdong Province, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Zhejiang Province using a convenient sampling method. The revised Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire was used to investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of WMSDs. Results The prevalence of WMSDs was 27.4% among the construction workers. The prevalence of WMSDs in shoulder, neck, waist/lower back and hand/wrist was 10.6%, 9.5%, 9.5% and 9.4% respectively, which was higher than that in other body parts. Bianry logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of WMSDs in construction workers with junior high school education and below was higher than that of high school/ college and above (P<0.05). The risk of WMSDs was higher in drinkers than that in non-drinkers (P<0.01). The worse the health status of construction workers, the higher the risk of WMSDs (P<0.01). The risk of WMSDs in those who exercised once or twice a month was lower than that in those who did not exercise (P<0.05). The risk of WMSDs was higher in construction workers with longer working hours in uncomfortable postures and greater back bending amplitude at work (all P<0.01). The risk of WMSDs in construction workers with hands holding above the shoulder was higher than that with hands below the shoulder (P<0.05). Construction workers who repeated the same work daily, involved in high-temperature work, often worked overtime, had insufficient rest time, and had a shortage of department personnel had a relatively high risk of WMSDs (all P<0.01). Conclusion The prevalence of WMSDs among the construction workers was relatively high, and the most common WMSDs occurred in shoulder, neck, waist/lower back and hand/wrist. Individual characteristic, work type, work posture and work organization are the influencing factors of WMSDs. Comprehensive measures, especially ergonomic measures based on personal and occupational characteristics should be taken to reduce the risk of WMSDs among construction workers.

Objective To analyze the current status and influencing factors of occupational stress, job burnout and sleep quality among workers in the secondary industry in Jinshan District, Shanghai City. Methods A total of 1 418 workers from six key industries in Jinshan District, Shanghai City were selected as the study subjects by the stratified cluster sampling method. The Occupational Stress Core Scale, Maslash Burnout Inventory General Survey and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used to investigate occupational stress, job burnout and sleep quality of the workers. Results The detection rates of occupational stress, job burnout and sleep disturbance among the study subjects were 33.6%, 65.4% and 23.3%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the workers with a monthly income <5 000 yuan had a higher risk of occupational stress than those with a monthly income ≥5 000 yuan (P<0.01). The workers with ≥5.0 years of service had a higher risk than those with <1.0 year (P<0.05). Lack of physical exercise, employment in medium- and large-sized enterprises, and shift work were risk factors of occupational stress in the workers (all P<0.01). The workers aged 18-<30 years had a higher risk of job burnout than those aged 45-<60 years (P<0.05). The workers monthly income <5 000 yuan was associated with a higher risk of job burnout than those with ≥9 000 yuan (P<0.05). The workers with 1.0-<10.0 years or ≥15.0 years of service had higher job burnout risks than those with <1.0 year (all P<0.05). Being unmarried, lack of physical exercise, and employment in medium- and large-sized enterprises were risk factor of job burnout in the workers (all P<0.05). The workers with an educational level of high school or above had a higher risk of sleep disturbance than those with junior school or below (P<0.05). The workers who work >56 hours per week had a higher risk than those working ≤40 hours per week (P<0.01). Conclusion There is a high detection rate of occupational stress, job burnout, and sleep disturbance in the secondary industry workers in Jinshan District, Shanghai City. Special attention should be given to workers with low income, lack of physical exercise, employment in medium- and large-sized enterprises, shift work, long service duration, and long weekly working hours to protect their physical and mental health.

Objective To analyze the effect of hand transmitted vibration on fingertip thermotactile perception threshold (TPT) among grinding workers in a sports equipment manufacturing enterprise. Methods A total of 151 male grinding workers from a sports equipment manufacturing enterprise in Guangdong Province were enrolled in the vibration exposure group, and 51 male workers without hand-transmitted vibration exposure were enrolled in the control group, using the judgment sampling method. Basic health conditions of the workers were surveyed in both groups. The TPTs of the distal phalanges of the index and little fingers on both hands were tested using an HVLab thermal perception tester. Results The detection rates of finger numbness and tingling among workers in the vibration exposure group were higher than those in the control group (92.1% vs 7.8% and 59.6% vs 0.0%, respectively, both P<0.01). The detection rates of numbness or tingling of different fingers in the vibration exposure group descended in the following order: index finger, middle finger, ring finger, thumb and little finger. The hot threshold of the index finger and little finger increased (all P<0.01), while the cold threshold decreased (all P<0.01) in the vibration exposure group, compared with the control group. The results of generalized linear regression analysis showed that with the increase of the duration of hand-transmitted vibration, the hot threshold of the index finger and the little finger of both hands increased (all P<0.01), and the cold threshold decreased (all P<0.01). The hot thresholds of workers with numbness of both the index fingers and left little finger were higher than those of workers without numbness of the same finger (all P<0.05). The hot threshold of workers with tingling of the left index finger was higher than those without tingling (P<0.05). The cold thresholds of workers with tingling of the both index fingers and left little finger were lower than those without tingling of the same finger (all P<0.05). The hot threshold of the right little finger increased with age (P<0.01), while the cold thresholds of both little fingers decreased with age (all P<0.01). Conclusion Hand-transmitted vibration exposure increases fingertip hot threshold and decreases fingertip cold threshold of workers exposed to hand-transmitted vibration. Years of service in hand-transmitted vibration work, finger numbness or tingling, and age were influencing factors of TPT. Fingertip TPT examination can be used to assist in the early detection of vibration-induced nerve injury in workers exposed to hand-transmitted vibration.

Objective To identify the most significantly compressed areas and the areas with the best recovery effects by analyzing the changes in vertebral height after percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP)in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCF)through lateral radiographs.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the lateral X-rays of 186 injured vertebrae from 142 patients hospitalized in our hospital's intervertebral disc center.The sagittal height of the vertebrae was measured at five different points before and after surgery,and the collected data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software.Results There were statistically significant differences in the heights of the five measured points before and after surgery within OVCF injured vertebrae(P＜0.05),in the ascending order:central＜mid-anterior＜mid-posterior＜anterior edge＜posterior edge.Comparison of the height parameters of the five measured points before and after surgery showed statistically significant differences(P＜0.01).In comparing the height restoration differences of the five measured points after PVP,the differences between central and mid-anterior,central and anterior edge,and mid-posterior and anterior edge were found not to be statistically significant(P＞0.05).The differences in height restoration for the remaining groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05),with the height restoration differences from highest to lowest being:mid-anterior,central,anterior edge,mid-posterior,posterior edge.Conclusion In patients with OVCF,the compression of the injured vertebra is most pronounced in the central part,followed by the mid-anterior part.PVP surgery can effectively restore the height of various parts of the injured vertebra,especially in the mid-anterior and central parts of the vertebral body,where the recovery effect is particularly significant.

Objective To screen key differentially expressed genes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)and analyze their prognostic value,based on biological information from gene expression omnibus(GEO)and the cancer genome atlas(TCGA)databases.Methods HNSCC mRNA expression data(GSE74530)were downloaded from the GEO database as a test dataset,and differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified.The biological function of DEGs in HNSCC was investigated by gene ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analysis.HNSCC mRNA expression data were obtained from the TCGA database as a validation dataset to preliminarily verify the expression of DEGs in HNSCC tissues and normal tissues.Seven up-regulated DEGs variants were analyzed using the cBioPortal database,and their effects on the survival of HNSCC patients were evaluated by the Kaplan-meier method and COX regression analysis.The co-expressed genes of ATP6V1C1 were analyzed by the cBioPortal database.Results A total of 1 432 differential genes were screened from HNSCC tissue and paracancerous tissue in the GSE74530 test dataset,among which 7 of the 10 most significant genes were up-regulated,respectively:MMP1,WDR66,PTPRZ1,TEAD4,RBM38,ATP6V1C1 and CBLB were downregulated by CGNL1,LOC100506990 and ADH1B.GO and KEGG enrichment analysis showed that HNSCC tissue differential genes were mainly enriched in lymphocyte migration and extracellular matrix regulation pathways.The TCGA dataset confirmed that 7 upregulated DEGs were highly expressed in HNSCC.cBioPortal analysis showed that the proportion of ATP6V1C1 gene changes was the highest among the 7 up-regulated genes,and the overall survival rate of patients with high expression of ATP6V1C1 gene decreased significantly.Correlation analysis showed that BIRC5 was the most closely related gene to ATP6V1C1.Conclusion MMP1,WDR66,PTPRZ1,TEAD4,RBM38,ATP6V1C1 and CBLB were highly expressed in HNSCC patients,among which ATP6V1C1 was the most significant,and its expression level was associated with poor prognosis in HNSCC patients.ATP6V1C1 is expected to be a biomarker for early diagnosis and prognosis of HNSCC,providing a new idea for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To compare the midterm outcomes of the Bentall procedure versus isolated aortic valve replacement(AVR)in patients with bicuspid aortic valve(BAV)complicated with severe stenosis and ascending aortic dilation in order to assess the therapeutic value of these surgical approaches for this complex cardiac condition.Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 96 eligible patients who underwent surgical treatment in our institute between January 2018 and December 2022.According to surgical approaches,they were divided into an AVR group(65 cases)and a Bentall group(31 cases).Demographic features,comorbidities,preoperative status,and echocardiographic parameters were collected in all patients.Propensity score matching(PSM)was applied in a 1:1 ratio to balance baseline characteristics.Perioperative indicators and follow-up data were compared and analyzed between matched cohorts after control of cofounding factors.Results After PSM,25 matched pairs were screened out and analyzed with comparable baseline data(all P>0.05).The Bentall group demonstrated significantly more superior intraoperative effective orifice area(EOA,2.69±0.47 vs 2.35±0.47 cm2,P=0.013)and EOA index(EOAI,1.69±0.30 vs 1.47±0.29 cm2/m2,P=0.010),and obviously longer cardiopulmonary bypass time[190.00(147.00,257.00)vs 101.00(88.50,124.50)min,P<0.01]and aortic cross-clamp time[141.00(120.00,166.00)vs 66.00(55.00,81.50)min,P<0.01]when compared with the AVR group.During a median follow-up of 28 months,the AVR group had notably larger aortic sinus diameter[32.00(30.00,34.00)vs 26.80(26.00,28.00)mm,P<0.01]and ascending aortic diameter[38.00(34.50,42.00)mm vs 26.00(26.00,28.00)mm,P<0.01],with ongoing dilation in the ascending aorta,while the Bentall group maintained stable dimensions.The Bentall group also showed statistically lower peak aortic valve pressure gradients[21.00(15.50,27.00)vs 25.00(19.50,31.00)mmHg,P=0.049].Conclusion Both Bentall procedure and AVR are effective in treatment of BAV complicated with severe stenosis and ascending aortic dilation.But,Bentall procedure offers advantages in hemodynamic optimization and aortic stability.

Transcranial ultrasound stimulation (TUS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique that demonstrates great potential in treatment of neurological disorders due to its high spatial resolution and focused penetration ability, enabling millimetre-level precision modulation of specific brain regions with ultrasound to achieve neuromodulation of targeted areas. At present, numerous animal experiments and human studies have been carried out on the regulation of Alzheimer′s disease by TUS. In this review, the regulation effects of TUS on Alzheimer′s disease were introduced from the perspective of targeting different brain regions, including the hippocampus, frontal lobe and whole brain.

Objective:We study the prognostic value of TNM stage and L3-skeletal muscle mass index in overall survival(OS)in elderly patients with colorectal cancer after surgery.Furthermore, investigate the prognostic value of combined scoring system(TNM-SMI score)in patients with colorectal cancer.Methods:From January 1, 2018 to January 31, 2019, the clinical data of elderly patients who were diagnosed with colorectal cancer for the first time in Longyan First Hospital, Fujian Medical University were retrospectively analyzed.The baseline data were compared in patients with different TNM stage and L3SMI.The relevant factors that might affect the prognosis of the patients were analyzed to determine the independent risk factors in cox regression analyses.Survival curves were plotted by using the Kaplan-Meier method, and Log-rank test was used to compare Overall Survival.Predictive efficacy was compared by plotting (ROC)curve and calculating the area under the curve(AUC).Results:A total of 128 eligible patients aged 65-88(73.96±6.20)years were enrolled.Among them, 82 were male.Univariate and multifactorial cox regression analyses showed that TNM stage( HR=3.944, 95% CI: 1.519-10.237, P<0.05)and L3SMI( HR=3.194, 95% CI: 1.222-8.349, P<0.05)were the independent risk factors for OS in elderly colorectal cancer patients; Survival curves plotted by Kaplan-Meier method showed that the 5-year survival rate(OS rate)of patients in TNM(Ⅲ and Ⅳ)group was lower than in TNM(Ⅰ and Ⅱ)group(58.8% vs.88.9%, P<0.001), and the 5-year survival rate(OS rate)of patients in low L3SMI group was lower than in high L3SMI group(51.0% vs.88.3%, P<0.001); Elderly colorectal patients were risk stratified by TNM-SMI score, the patients with higher score had worse 5-year OS rate; The AUC of L3SMI, TNM stage, and TNM-SMI score are 0.729, 0.695, and 0.800. Conclusions:The TNM stage and L3SMI are independent risk factors of OS after colorectal cancer surgery; TNM-SMI score, which combines TNM stage and L3SMI, can predict prognosis more efficiency compare to single-factor.The higher TNM-SMI score had the worse prognosis; TNM stage in combination with L3SMI improves the efficiency prediction of OS after colorectal cancer surgery.

Objective To explore the effect of home-based pharmaceutical care for patients with stable chronic obstruc-tive pulmonary diseases(COPD)based on a digital remote management applet.Methods A total of 237 patients with stable COPD from a hospital pharmaceutical outpatient service from March 2022 to March 2023 were divided into a control group,a home visit group,and a remote management group according to the random number table method.Patients in the home visit and re-mote management groups received home-based pharmaceutical interventions such as health science popularization,medication con-sultation,medication guidance,effect evaluation of pharmacotherapy,prescription simplification,and reorganization.Such interven-tions were not provided in the control group.Regular follow-up was performed for 12 months.Results After a pharmaceutical intervention,the operating scores of the inhalation device and medication compliance scores of the home visit and remote manage-ment groups were significantly better than the control group(P＜0.05).The improvement in medication compliance was greater in the remote management group than in the home visit group(54.3％ vs.44.6％).In the three groups between enrollment and 12 months follow-up,CAT scores decreased by 0.78,6.16,and 7.30 points in the control group,home visit group,and remote manage-ment group,respectively.The mean scores of SGRQ symptom decreased by 1.19,4.24,and 6.10 points,the mean activity scores decreased by 1.65,3.56,4.80 points,the impact mean score decreased by 1.08,4.19,5.16 points,and the mean score of the total score decreased by 1.29,4.00,4.80 points in the control group,home visit group,and remote management group,respectively.The remote management group showed dia better decline in CAT score and SGRQ score than the home visit group,and there were sig-nificant differences between the two groups compared with the control group after intervention(P＜0.05).Conclusions Digital remote management of home-based pharmaceutical care mode can effectively improve medication compliance,operation accuracy of inhalation devices,clinical symptoms,and the patient quality of life.This is an effective and efficient pharmaceutical care mode for the long-term home medication management of stable COPD patients.

Cancer is characterized by abnormal cell proliferation. Cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) have been recognized as essential regulators of the intricate cell cycle, orchestrating DNA replication and transcription, RNA splicing, and protein synthesis. Dysregulation of the CDK pathway is prevalent in the development and progression of human cancers, rendering cyclins and CDKs attractive therapeutic targets. Several CDK4/6 inhibitors have demonstrated promising anti-cancer efficacy and have been successfully translated into clinical use, fueling the development of CDK-targeted therapies. With this enthusiasm for finding novel CDK-targeting anti-cancer agents, there have also been exciting advances in the field of targeted protein degradation through innovative strategies, such as using proteolysis-targeting chimera, heat shock protein 90 (HSP90)‍-mediated targeting chimera, hydrophobic tag-based protein degradation, and molecular glue. With a focus on the translational potential of cyclin- and CDK-targeting strategies in cancer, this review presents the fundamental roles of cyclins and CDKs in cancer. Furthermore, it summarizes current strategies for the proteasome-dependent targeted degradation of cyclins and CDKs, detailing the underlying mechanisms of action for each approach. A comprehensive overview of the structure and activity of existing CDK degraders is also provided. By examining the structure‍‒‍activity relationships, target profiles, and biological effects of reported cyclin/CDK degraders, this review provides a valuable reference for both CDK pathway-targeted biomedical research and cancer therapeutics.
Humans ; Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors* ; Cyclins/metabolism* ; Proteolysis ; Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology* ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex/metabolism* ; Animals