OBJECTIVE: To investigate the application of three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction technology in preoperative planning for anterolateral thigh flap transplantation. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 11 patients with skin and soft tissue defects treated with free anterolateral thigh flap transplantation between January 2022 and January 2024, who met the selection criteria. There were 8 males and 3 females, aged 34-70 years (mean, 50.8 years). Causes of injury included traffic accidents (4 cases), machine trauma (3 cases), heavy object crush injury (3 cases), and tumor (1 case). The time from injury to flap repair ranged from 7 to 35 days (mean, 23 days). Preoperatively, the patients' CT angiography images were imported into Mimics21.0 software. Through the software's segmentation, editing, and reconstruction functions, 3D visualization and measurement of the vascular pedicle, perforators, wound size, and morphology were performed to plan the flap harvest area, contour, vascular pedicle length, and anastomosis site, guiding the implementation of flap transplantation. RESULTS: The length of the vascular pedicle needed by the recipient site was (9.1±0.9) cm, and the maximum length of vascular pedicle in the donor area was (10.6±0.6) cm, with a significant difference ( t=4.230, P<0.001). The operation time ranged from 220 to 600 minutes (mean, 361.9 minutes). One patient had poor wound healing at the recipient site, which healed after dressing changes. All 11 flaps survived well without necrosis. All patients were followed up 6-19 months (mean, 11 months). Four flaps showed bulkiness and underwent secondary debulking; the remaining flaps had good contour and soft texture. The donor sites healed well, with no sensory disturbance around the incision or complications such as walking impairment. CONCLUSION Preoperative planning using CT angiography data and 3D reconstruction software can effectively determine the flap area, contour, required vascular pedicle length, anastomosis site, and whether vascular grafting is needed, thereby guiding the successful execution of anterolateral thigh flap transplantation.
Humans ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Thigh/diagnostic imaging* ; Aged ; Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods* ; Retrospective Studies ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods* ; Soft Tissue Injuries/surgery* ; Surgical Flaps ; Computed Tomography Angiography ; Free Tissue Flaps/blood supply* ; Preoperative Care

Prostate cancer is the most prevalent malignant tumor among men, ranking first in incidence and second in mortality globally. Novel hormone therapies (NHT) targeting the androgen receptor (AR) pathway have become the standard of care for metastatic prostate cancer. This review offers a comprehensive overview of NHT, including abiraterone, enzalutamide, apalutamide, darolutamide, and rezvilutamide, which have demonstrated efficacy in delaying disease progression and improving patient survival and quality of life. Nevertheless, resistance to NHT remains a critical challenge. The mechanisms underlying resistance are complex, involving AR gene amplification, mutations, splice variants, increased intratumoral androgens, and AR-independent pathways such as the glucocorticoid receptor, neuroendocrine differentiation, DNA repair defects, autophagy, immune evasion, and activation of alternative signaling pathways. This review discusses these resistance mechanisms and examines strategies to counteract them, including sequential treatment with novel AR-targeted drugs, chemotherapy, poly ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors, radionuclide therapy, bipolar androgen therapy, and approaches targeting specific resistance pathways. Future research should prioritize elucidating the molecular basis of NHT resistance, optimizing existing therapeutic strategies, and developing more effective combination regimens. Additionally, advanced sequencing technologies and resistance research models should be leveraged to identify novel therapeutic targets and improve drug delivery efficiencies. These advancements hold the potential to overcome NHT resistance and significantly enhance the management and prognosis of patients with advanced prostate cancer.

To investigate the dynamic homing process and characteristics of macrophages in different organs of immune-mediated aplastic anemia (AA) model mice. Macrophages in donor lymph nodes were sorted by magnetic beads and labeled with PKH67. After modeling according to the preparation method of the AA model, peripheral blood rountine analysis, bone marrow biopsy and HE staining results were analyzed to verify the modeling effect. On days 4, 8, and 12 of modeling, the bone marrow, spleen, and lymph node mononuclear cells were collected, and dynamic changes of PKH67-labeled macrophages in donor mice were analyzed by flow cytometry. In this study, dynamic changes in PKH67-labeled macrophages in the pathogenesis of AA model mice were explored. Macrophages in donor mice homed to the lymph nodes, expanding and differentiating in the lymph nodes, and finally transported to the bone marrow and spleen. Through proteomics mass spectrometry analysis, the related immune inflammatory response pathway of macrophages involved in the activation of the AA bone marrow microenvironment was preliminarily revealed, which provides a basis for the pathological macrophages involved in the pathogenesis of AA model mice.

Cervical cancer, the most common gynecological malignancy, significantly and adversely affects women's physical health and well-being. Traditional surgical interventions and chemotherapy, while potentially effective, often entail serious side effects that have led to an urgent need for novel therapeutic methods. Photothermal therapy (PTT) has emerged as a promising approach due to its ability to minimize damage to healthy tissue. Connecting a biothiol detection group to PTT-sensitive molecules can improve tumor targeting and further minimize potential side effects. In this study, we developed a near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF)/photoacoustic (PA) dual-mode probe, S-NBD, which demonstrated robust PTT performance. This innovative probe is capable of activating NIRF/PA signals to enable the detection of biothiols with high emission wavelength (838 nm) and large Stokes shift (178 nm), allowing for in vivo monitoring of cancer cells. Additionally, the probe achieved an outstanding photothermal conversion efficiency of 67.1%. The application of laser irradiation (660 nm, 1.0 W/cm², 5 min) was able to achieve complete tumor ablation without recurrence. In summary, this seminal study presents a pioneering NIRF/PA dual-mode dicyanoisophorone-based probe for biothiol imaging, incorporating features from PTT for the first time. This pioneering approach achieves the dual objectives of improving tumor diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To observe the changes of retinal blood flow density and thickness in the macular region of eyes with high myopia (HM) combined with peripapillary intrachoroidal cavitation (PICC).Methods:A cross-sectional study. From March 2019 to May 2021, 65 patients (65 eyes) diagnosed as PICC (HM+PICC group) in Eye Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, sex-and age-matched 69 HM patients of 69 eyes (HM group) and 65 healthy people of 65 eyes (control group) were enrolled in this study. The optical coherence tomography angiography was used to scan macular areas in 3 mm×3 mm, and measure the macular fovea and optic disc on superior, inferior, nasal, temporal superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP) vessel density in the foveal and parafoveal region, and macular retinal ganglion cell complex (mGCC) thickness, full retinal thickness. One-way analysis of variance were used to test the difference of the index values among three groups, and then two groups were compared with Bonferroni test. A paired t-test was used to test the difference of the macular vessel density and thickness between the superior and inferior hemifield in three groups. Pearson partial regression analysis was used to calculate the correlations between them at same sites. Results:PICC was located most frequently at the inferior temporal disc border, followed by the inferior nasal region, superior temporal region, and superior nasal region in the HM+PICC group on 57(87.7%, 57/65), 25(38.5%, 25/65), 3(4.6%, 3/65) and 1(1.5%, 1/65 ) eye. There were significant differences in the global and regional full retinal thickness, mGCC thickness, SCP and DCP vessel density among 3 groups ( F=29.097, 51.929, 16.253, 6.135; P<0.001). The macular SCP and DCP vessel density except in the fovea, all regional macular full retinal thickness and mGCC thickness in the HM+PICC group were significantly lower than those in the normal group ( P<0.05). Compared to the HM group, the HM+PICC group had lower all regional mGCC thickness and SCP vessel density, as well as full retinal thickness in the inferior hemifield and DCP vessel density in the foveal region ( P<0.05). Macular vessel density and thickness in the inferior hemifield were significantly lower than those in the superior hemifield ( t=6.356, 11.693, 6.212, 2.936; P<0.01). Pearson partial regression analysis showed the SCP vessel density was positively correlated with corresponding mGCC thickness and full retinal thickness ( r=0.584, 0.534, 0.592, 0.496, 0.485, 0.517; P<0.001). However, there was no significant correlation between the DCP vascular density and mGCC thickness ( P>0.05), and only a weak positive correlation between the DCP vascular density and the full retinal thickness in the inferior hemifield ( r=0.319, P=0.014). However, no association with average and superior full retinal thickness ( r=0.066, 0.002, 0.125, 0.184, 0.016, 0.319; P>0.05). Conclusion:The macular SCP vessel density, mGCC thickness and the full retinal thickness in the inferior hemifield in PICC eyes are lower than those in the HM eyes, especially the mGCC thickness and SCP vessel density in the inferior hemifield, and there is a strong positive correlation between them.

Objective:This study aims, in addition to characterizing pathogenic T cells trafficking to bone marrow (BM) and other organs, to establish immune-mediated AA C.B10 mouse model by DsRed mouse (B6 background) lymph nodes (LN) cells infusion after a total body irradiation (TBI) .Methods:The C.B10 mice received a 5 Gy TBI and then were infused with DsRed mouse (B6 background) LN cells at 5×10 6/mouse via a tail vein injection. The severity of bone marrow failure (BMF) was observed by mononuclear cell count in bone marrow and peripheral blood cell count. On days 3, 6, 9, and 12, mice were sacrificed and collected BM, spleens, LN, or thymus to analyze the dynamic change and activation status of donor T cells in these organs by a flow cytometry. At day 12, the donor-derived T cells from BM, spleens, and LN were sorted to collect the DsRed +CD3 +CD4 + T cells and DsRed +CD3 +CD8 + T cells for RNA isolation and gene expression analyses by PCR array. Results:Relative to control animals that received 5 Gy TBI without LN cell infusion, AA mice developed severe BMF with dramatic decrease in total BM cells, hemoglobin, white blood cells, and platelets in peripheral blood on days 9 and 12 after the LN cell infusion. The frequencies of DsRed + T cells trafficking to BM, LN, and spleens increased with time. Surprisingly, although the DsRed + T cells in BM increased dramatically at a level much higher than those in the spleens and LN on day 12, there were very few DsRed + T cells in BM on days three and six, which was significantly lower than those in spleens or LN. The frequency of DsRed + T cells in thymus was the lowest during the whole process. On day 12, the DsRed +CD3 +CD4 + T cells of BM, LN, and spleens from AA mice were (91.38±2.10) %, (39.78±6.98) %, and (67.87±12.77) %, respectively. On the contrary, the DsRed +CD3 +CD8 +T cells of BM, LN, and spleens were (98.21±1.49) %, (94.06±4.20) %, and (96.29±1.23) %, respectively. We assessed the donor T cell phenotypes using the CD44 and CD62L markers and found that almost all of the DsRed +CD4 + or DsRed +CD8 + T cells in BM were effector memory T cell phenotype from day 9 to day 12. Meanwhile, transcriptome analyses showed higher expression in CD38, IFN-γ, LAG3, CSF1, SPP1, and TNFSF13B in BM DsRed +CD4 + and DsRed +CD8 + T cells. However, there was a lower expression in FOXP3 and CTLA4 in BM DsRed +CD4 + T cells than those in spleens and LN. Conclusions:The DsRed LN cells infusion to induce BMF in CB10 mice enabled to track the donor-derived pathogenic T cells. Besides previously published findings in this model, we demonstrated that donor CD4 + and CD8 + T cells primarily homed to spleens and LN, expanded and differentiated, then infiltrated in BM with a terminal effector memory phenotype. The T cells infiltrated in BM showed more activation and less immunosuppression characteristics compared to those homing to spleens and LN during the BMF development.

OBJECTIVE：To identi fy chemical components of Actinidia chinensis root rapidly ，and to provide reference for further material basis and quality control study of the crude medicine. METHODS ：UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS technique was used to detect chemical components of A. chinensis root. The separation was performed on Waters XSelect HSS T 3 column with mobile phase consisted of 0.1％ formic acid acetonitrile solution- 0.1％ formic acid water solution （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The column temperature was set at 40 ℃，and sample size was 3 μL. Electrospray ion source was adopted，the data was collected under negative ion mode ；the scanning range was m/z 50-1 500；the drying gas temperature was 350 ℃，the atomizing air pressure was 45 psi，the capillary voltage was 3 500 V，and sheath gas temperature was 350 ℃. According to the information of excimer ion and secondary fragment ion ，the chemical components were identified by combining with the relevant literature ，the retention time of the reference substance and the law of mass spectrometry cracking. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：Totally 58 chemical components was identified ，which included 16 pentacyclic triterpenes （such as hydroxyasiatic acid ，asiatic acid ，maslinic acid，corosolic acid ，oleanic acid ，ursolic acid ，etc.），12 flavonoids（such as rutin ，quercitrin，cynaroside，astragalin，etc.），17 organic acids （such as cryptochlorogenic acid ，chlorogenic acid ，isochlorogenic acid A ，isochlorogenicacid C ，etc.）. There were 9 components（such as procydanidin B 1，B2 and luteolin ，etc.）identified for the first time in A. chinensis root. UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/ MS technique can be used for the rapid identification of chemical components in A. chinensis root.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and clinic symptoms of an outbreak of infectious diarrhea caused by Sapovirus,in CT community,Zhaoqing,Guangdong province.Methods Retrospective study of field epidemiology investigation was carried out and Chi-square test was used enteroviruses were detected by RT-PCR in swab,fecal specimens and water samples.Results A total of 422 cases were identified in this outbreak,with the prevalence as 11.95％.Cases mainly concentrated between 21 and 24,December,with curves noticed by pointsource and peaked on the 22nd.Symptoms mainly appeared as vomiting,with watery stool.Patients were founded in every village,with the highest prevalence appeared in the elderly (25.20％) but involved in every age group.Sapovirus infection was most frequently seen in the population under 25 years of age,with overall prevalence as 16.41％.People older than 50 years of age took the second place (12.05％),and the lowest was seen between 25 to 49 years age group (8.42％).Sapovirus was detected in both swab and fecal specimens,with the positive rate as 38.78％.Both general and heatresistant coliformed-bacteria were detected in the 24 monitored water samples,with the qualification rates as 95.83％,45.83％ and 50.00％,respectively.However,Sapovirus was not detected in any of the water samples.Conclusions Our findings confirmed that an outbreak,caused by sapovirus infection in CT community was most likely related to the central water supply.The surveillance system for infectious diarrheal diseases should be improved and both public health awareness and surveillance programs on drinking water should be strengthened.

Objective To observe the effect of 3D-Slicer combined with sina software assisted minimally invasive neuroendoscopic surgery for hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage,and investigate the application value of 3D-Slicer combined with sina software in the preoperative localization of minimally invasive neuroendoscopic surgery.Methods From July 2015 to October 2017,38 consecutive patients with supratentorial hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage admitted to Shunde Hospital,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine were enrolled retrospectively.According to the different treatment methods,they were divided into an endoscopic group and a puncture group (n =19 in each group).The endoscopic group was treated with 3D-Slicer combined with sina software for neuroendoscopic hematoma removal,and the puncture group was treated with the hematoma minimally invasive soft-channel puncture and drainage under the CT localization.The effect of 3D-Slicer combined with sina software in the preoperative localization of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage by the minimally invasive surgery was evaluated by comparing the hematoma clearance of the first and third day of the two groups of patients after procedure,puncture to the preset position success,postoperative rebleeding,postoperative complications,and good prognosis at 3 months after procedure.Results The clearance rate of hematoma at the first day after operation in the endoscopic group was significantly higher than that in the puncture group ([90 ± 10]％ vs.[46 ± 16]％;t =2.348,P ＜ 0.05).The success of the puncture to the preset position was better than that in the puncture group (19/19 vs.14/19;x2 =5.758,P =0.016),and postoperative rebleeding rate was lower than that in the puncture group (0 vs.4/19;x2 =4.471,P =0.034).There were significant differences.There was no significant difference in postoperative infection complications between the two groups (all P ＞ 0.05).The prognosis of the endoscopic group was good in 17 patients within 3 months after procedure,and the prognosis was good in 11 patients in the puncture group.The good prognosis in the endoscopic group was better than that in the puncture group (x2 =4.866,P =0.027).Conclusion The effect of 3D-Slicer combined with sina software assisted minimally invasive neuroendoscopic surgery for hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage was better than the hematoma minimally invasive soft-channel puncture and drainage under the CT localization,and the 3D-slicer combined with sina software can provide rapid and accurate preoperative localization for minimally invasive neuroendoscopic surgery of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage.

There are a variety of serological changes in the blood circulation of patients with lupus nephritis,including complement,autoantibodies,immunoglobulin and cytokines and so on.These substances not only involved in the development of the disease leads to renal pathological damage,but also can be used as a biomarker to reflect changes in disease.In this paper,the detection of serum markers in lupus nephritis diagnosis,determine the pathological classification,disease activity,evaluation of therapeutic effect and prognosis were reviewed,in order to provide scientific basis for the early diagnosis and treatment of lupus nephritis by monitoring the changes of serum indicators.