Objective To establish the reference interval of urine Alzheimer-associated neuronal thread protein(AD7c-NTP)for healthy adults in Mianyang area using the indirect method.Methods The detection results of urine AD7c-NTP from 5 093 healthy in-dividuals were collected from the information management database of Medical Laboratory Department of Sichuan Science City Hospital from March 2017 to March 2022.Skewness-kurtosis and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests were used to determine whether the data followed a normal distribution.After removing outliers using the Box Plots method,the enrolled subjects were grouped by gender and age.The Mann-Whitney U or Kruska-Wallis H tests were used to analyze the between-group differences of urine AD7c-NTP in healthy individu-als with different genders and ages.The adjacent age groups without statistically significant difference(P＞0.05)were combined,and the indirect method(non-parametric test method)was used to calculate the reference intervals for different gender and age groups.Results Skewness-kurtosis and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests showed that the data followed a non-normal distribution.After removing 293 outliers using the Box Plots method,a total of 4 800 subjects,including 3 199 males and 1 601 females,were enrolled.The enrolled subjects were grouped by gender and age,and the non-parametric test method were used to establish the reference intervals of urine AD7c-NTP in healthy populations with different genders.The Mann-Whitney U test confirmed that urine AD7c-NTP levels existed gen-der differences(Z=14.09,P＜0.01),and the reference intervals for males and females were≤1.10 ng/mL and≤1.40 ng/mL,re-spectively.There were also statistical differences in urine AD7c-NTP levels among different age groups of the same gender.After combi-ning adjacent age groups without statistically significant difference(P＞0.05),the reference intervals of urine AD7c-NTP in healthy populations with different genders and ages were established by the non-parametric test method,which were≤1.00 ng/mL for male 20-39 years old group,≤1.10 ng/mL for male 40-79 years old group,≤1.60 ng/mL for male≥80 years old group,≤1.30 ng/mL for female 20-69 years old group,and≤1.60 ng/mL for female≥70 years old group,respectively.The established reference intervals of urine AD7c-NTP were further verified by healthy individuals,and the results met the standards.Conclusion The reference intervals of urine AD7c-NTP in healthy populations with different genders and ages in Mianyang area are established successfully using the indi-rect method,which may help to predict the risk of Alzheimer's disease in clinical practice and provide support for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Objective To establish the reference interval of urine Alzheimer-associated neuronal thread protein(AD7c-NTP)for healthy adults in Mianyang area using the indirect method.Methods The detection results of urine AD7c-NTP from 5 093 healthy in-dividuals were collected from the information management database of Medical Laboratory Department of Sichuan Science City Hospital from March 2017 to March 2022.Skewness-kurtosis and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests were used to determine whether the data followed a normal distribution.After removing outliers using the Box Plots method,the enrolled subjects were grouped by gender and age.The Mann-Whitney U or Kruska-Wallis H tests were used to analyze the between-group differences of urine AD7c-NTP in healthy individu-als with different genders and ages.The adjacent age groups without statistically significant difference(P＞0.05)were combined,and the indirect method(non-parametric test method)was used to calculate the reference intervals for different gender and age groups.Results Skewness-kurtosis and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests showed that the data followed a non-normal distribution.After removing 293 outliers using the Box Plots method,a total of 4 800 subjects,including 3 199 males and 1 601 females,were enrolled.The enrolled subjects were grouped by gender and age,and the non-parametric test method were used to establish the reference intervals of urine AD7c-NTP in healthy populations with different genders.The Mann-Whitney U test confirmed that urine AD7c-NTP levels existed gen-der differences(Z=14.09,P＜0.01),and the reference intervals for males and females were≤1.10 ng/mL and≤1.40 ng/mL,re-spectively.There were also statistical differences in urine AD7c-NTP levels among different age groups of the same gender.After combi-ning adjacent age groups without statistically significant difference(P＞0.05),the reference intervals of urine AD7c-NTP in healthy populations with different genders and ages were established by the non-parametric test method,which were≤1.00 ng/mL for male 20-39 years old group,≤1.10 ng/mL for male 40-79 years old group,≤1.60 ng/mL for male≥80 years old group,≤1.30 ng/mL for female 20-69 years old group,and≤1.60 ng/mL for female≥70 years old group,respectively.The established reference intervals of urine AD7c-NTP were further verified by healthy individuals,and the results met the standards.Conclusion The reference intervals of urine AD7c-NTP in healthy populations with different genders and ages in Mianyang area are established successfully using the indi-rect method,which may help to predict the risk of Alzheimer's disease in clinical practice and provide support for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

ObjectiveTo investigate the Alzheimer-associated neurofilament protein （AD7c-NTP） in urine of middle-aged and elderly people and its correlation between common metabolites. MethodsA total of 1 150 middle-aged and elderly people who did their physical exmanination in the health examination center of the Sichuan Science City Hospital and the Third Hopital of Mianyang were recruited from March 2017 to March 2020. The level of urine AD7c-NTP were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and common metabolites in blood were measured by biochemical analyzer. Based on urine AD7c-NTP level ≤1.5 ng/mL， the objects was divided into normal group （n=956） and elevated group （n=194）. Thier demographic data and blood biochemical indicators were collected. ResultsThe urine AD7c-NTP level in middle-aged and elderly people was 0.60（0.30~1.20） ng/mL. The urine AD7c-NTP level was higher in women than that in men ［1.04（0.40~1.30） ng/mL vs. 0.84（0.30~1.00） ng/mL， Z=4.202， P˂0.01］. And the urine AD7c-NTP level was lower in the normal group than that in the elevated group ［0.50（0.30~0.90） ng/mL vs. 2.10（1.70~2.10） ng/mL， Z=22.035， P˂0.01］. The results of the univariate comparison showed that， the differences between the two groups in age （Z=6.545）， fasting glucose （Z=3.506）， blood uric acid （Z=2.574）， urea nitrogen （Z=2.891）， creatinine （Z=2.243）， total bilirubin （Z=3.936）， glutathione （Z=0.969）， total cholesterol （t=3.956） and low density lipoprotein （Z=-5.678） were were statistically significant （P˂0.05 or 0.01）. Spearman correlation analysis showed that， the urine AD7c-NTP level was positively correlated with age and the levels of urea nitrogen， glucose， total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein （r=0.177， 0.178， 0.171， 0.109， 0.149， P˂0.01）， and negatively correlated with the level of total bilirubin （r=-0.172， P˂0.01）. Conclusionthe urine AD7c-NTP level in middle-aged and elderly females was signifitcantly higher than in middle-aged and elderly males.The urine AD7c-NTP level of middle-aged and elderly people was positively correlated with age， urea nitrogen， glucose， total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein， and negatively correlated with total bilirubin.

Objective:To construct a cluster care of oral nutrition supplements (ONS) , and to explore its effect in home care of postoperative patients with gastric cancer.Methods:Literature search was conducted to review the status quo of ONS compliance at home in patients with gastric cancer after surgery, and analyze the existing problems. We summarized and formulated the cluster care plan according to the evidence, and established the home ONS management team and process. From November 2020 to October 2021, 107 patients with gastric cancer who needed to implement ONS at home in Gastrointestinal Surgery of Ningbo First Hospital were selected as research objects by convenience sampling. Postoperative patients with gastric cancer from November 2020 to April 2021 were set as the control group ( n=40) , and those from May to October 2021 were set as the observation group ( n=67) . The control group was treated with conventional ONS, and the observation group was treated with home ONS cluster care plan on the basis of the control group. The compliance of nutritional support, weight gain, body mass index increase and follow-up experience between the two groups were evaluated. Results:After six months of intervention, the scores of ONS compliance, weight gain, body mass index increase and follow-up experience in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:The cluster care plan improves the ONS compliance at home, nutritional status and satisfaction with the follow-up by medical and nursing staff in patients with gastric cancer after surgery, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective:To explore the nutritional status and quality of life of gastric cancer patients one month after operation in the context of enhanced recovery, and analyze the correlation between them.Methods:From August 2020 to August 2021, 168 patients discharged from the Gastrointestinal Surgery of Ningbo First Hospital after radical resection of gastric cancer were selected as the study subject by convenience sampling. The Nutritional Risking Screening 2002 (NRS2002) and the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) step 2 (excluding muscle mass measurement index) were used to assess the postoperative nutritional status of patients. The quality of life of patients with gastric cancer after operation was investigated with the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Core Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) . Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of nutritional status of postoperative patients with gastric cancer. A total of 168 questionnaires were distributed, and 168 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a valid recovery rate of 100.0%.Results:A total of 104 patients (61.9%) had nutritional risk and 46 patients (27.4%) had malnutrition. There were statistical differences in age, education level, tumor stage, body mass index, physical function, role function, emotional function, cognitive function, general health, fatigue, nausea and vomiting, and loss of appetite among gastric cancer patients with different nutritional status after operation ( P<0.05) . Logistic regression analysis showed that body mass index, physical function, role function, emotional function and fatigue were the influencing factors of the nutritional status of patients one month after operation ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:In the context of enhanced recovery, the nutritional risk and malnutrition rate of gastric cancer patients one month after operation are high, and are closely related to the quality of life. When implementing enhanced recovery after surgery, medical and nursing staff should strengthen and optimize the nutrition management of gastric cancer patients before hospital, during perioperative period and after discharge, improve the nutritional status after operation and the quality of life of patients.

Objective:To investigate the effect of sarcopenia on physical performance and nutritional status in elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumors.Methods:a total of 120 eligible in-patients were enrolled from gastrointestinal surgery department of a Grade A tertiary hospital in Ningbo city from September 2021 to January 2022. General clinical data were collected, nutritional risk was screened using Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002), physical performance was assessed by Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), skeletal muscle index at the third lumbar vertebra level (L3 SMI) was calculated using abdominal CT scan, and grip strength/muscle strength, gait speed by 6 Meter Timed Walk Test and calf circumference were measured. Subjects were divided into sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia group according to the diagnostic criteria of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS). Impacting factors of sarcopenia and the correlation between muscle mass and physical performance in elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumors were analyzed.Results:The overall prevalence rate of sarcopenia in elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumors was 28.3% (34/120) and it was 28.9% (22/76) and 27.3% (12/44) in males and females respectively. There were statistically significant differences in age, tumor stage, nutritional risk, body mass index, calf circumference, L3 SMI, grip strength/muscle strength, gait speed and SPPB score between patients with and without sarcopenia (P<0.05). Muscle strength/grip strength, L3 SMI and gait speed were closely correlated with the occurrence of sarcopenia in elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumors (P<0.05). The L3 SMI was positively correlated with physical performance as assessed with SPPB in both groups.Conclusions:Sarcopenia is a common complication in elderly patients with gastrointestinal tumors with multiple influencing factors. Timely nutritional intervention and exercise intervention should be incorporated into the treatment of elderly gastrointestinal tumor patients with sarcopenia in order to improve nutrition status.

Objective:To retrieve relevant evidence for early enteral nutrition support in patients after gastric cancer surgery and summarize the best evidence, so as to provide evidence-based evidence for clinical implementation of postoperative enteral nutrition management for gastric cancer.Methods:Evidence-based questions were established according to PIPOST principles, UpToDate, Cochrane Library, Joanna Briggs Institute Library, BMJ Best Practice, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality website, Medlive, European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism website, American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition website, Embase, Medline, PubMed, SinoMed, Wanfang Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched according to the "6S" evidence model. The retrieval period of every database was from January 1, 2016 to May 31, 2021. The Evidence Pre-Grading and Evidence Recommendation Grading System (2014) of Australian Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center was used to extract evidence from the literature that met the quality standards, determine the evidence grading and recommendation level and form the best evidence.Results:A total of 317 literatures were retrieved, and 10 literatures were included, including 1 guideline, 4 expert consensus and 5 systematic reviews. The 10 evidences were summarized from 4 aspects, including indication evaluation, timing management, route and preparation management and risk management.Conclusions:Current evidence shows that early enteral nutrition is safe and feasible in patients after gastric cancer surgery. In the process of implementing enteral nutrition, medical staff should fully evaluate the indications and needs of patients and make clear and prudent choices for nutritional support channels and preparations of patients, so as to form the best evidence and clinical management programs for early enteral nutrition support for patients after gastric cancer surgery and accelerate postoperative recovery of patients.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between discharge readiness and nutritional status of patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery in the context of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) , so as to provide individualized guidance for patients after discharge.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 120 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer from June 2020 to June 2021 in Ningbo First Hospital were selected as research objects, and they all received ERAS nursing care. One day before discharge, Nutritional Risk Screening Table and Discharge Readiness Scale were used for questionnaire analysis.Results:The total score of discharge readiness of 120 patients with gastric cancer after surgery was (81.42±6.87) . Among the three dimensions, personal status was (19.65±2.19) , adaptability was (29.67±3.10) and anticipatory support was (32.10±2.61) . 57.5% (69/120) of gastric cancer patients discharged from hospital had nutritional risk. The scores of hospital discharge readiness and the scores of each dimension in the nutritional risk group were lower than those in the non-nutritional risk group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Multivariate analysis showed that nutritional status was an influencing factor for the total score of hospital discharge readiness in patients with gastric cancer surgery (standardized regression coefficient was 0.321, P<0.05) . Conclusions:Under the background of ERAS, the discharge readiness of patients after gastric cancer surgery is at a moderate level, postoperative patients are generally at nutritional risk and the discharge readiness of patients with nutritional risk is lower than that of patients without nutritional risk. Perioperative nutrition management by nursing staff can improve the discharge readiness of patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery, and continuous nutrition management should be carried out for discharged patients with nutritional risk, in order to promote home rehabilitation of patients with gastric cancer surgery.

Objective: To investigate the anti-tumor effect of CTL cells on colon cancer xenograft in nude mice after knocking out the immune check point CTLA-4 by CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Methods: A specific small guide RNA (sgRNA) for CTLA-4 was designed to construct sgRNA/Cas9 plasmid, which was then transfected into CTL using a lentiviral vector to obtain CTL cells with CTLA-4 deletion (CTLA-4 KO CTL). The transfection efficiency of the plasmid and the deletion efficiency of CTLA-4 were verified. BALB/c nude mice were randomly divided into two groups to prophylactically inoculate CTLA-4 KO CTL (experimental group) or CTL (control group); 3 days later, the animals of two groups were inoculated with colon cancer cell line LS174-T to observe the tumor formation rate and tumor formation time. After constructing colon cancer xenograft model in nude mice, the animals were randomly divided into two groups, respectively treated with CTLA-4 KO CTL (experimental group) and CTL (control group) cells to observe the tumor growth volume and survival time of mice. The serum levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ in nude mice were detected. Results: sgRNAwas designed and CRSIPR/Cas9 system with lentivirus as vector was successfully constructed. CTL cells were transfected with the established CRSIPR/ Cas9 system, and the highest transfection efficiency was up to (28.80±0.62)%. After transfection, the deletion efficiency of CTLA-4 was detected by Flow cytometry. The CTLA-4 expression of CTLA-4 KO CTL group was significantly lower than that of CTL group [(0.91±0.25)% vs (42.70±2.72)%, P<0.05]. In prophylactic assay, the formation rate of colon cancer xenografts in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(33.33%vs100%,P<0.05). In treatment assay, the tumor volume in the experimental group was significantly inhibited compared with the control group ([503±23.9] vs [911.2±51.4] mm3, P<0.05), and the survivaltimeoftheexperimentalgroupwassignificantlyprolonged (mediansurvivaltime:78dvs42d,P<0.05); Moreover, the secretion levels of serumTNF-α([268.93±17.04]pg/mlvs[148.26±20.07]pg/ml,P<0.05) and IFN-γ(315.38±18.67 pg/ml vs 202.92±29.32 pg/ml, P<0.05) in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Conclusions: The lentiviral vector CRSIPR/Cas9 system is an effective gene editing method; its successful deletion of CTLA-4 in CTL cells can significantly inhibit the tumor formation rate of colon cancer xenografts in nude mice and enhance the anti-tumor effect of CTLon colon cancer xenografts.

Objective:To evaluate the comprehensive strength of the specialties included in the medical service capacity improvement project of Henan provincial medical and health institutions, analyze the influencing factors, and provide scientific basis for the specialty construction.Methods:A total of 52 specialties were included in the project. According to the content of construction assessment and acceptance, the questionnaire was designed and filled in by the persons in charge of the specialties from the aspects of basic conditions, medical technical team, medical service ability, medical quality, scientific research and teaching ability. TOPSIS method was used to evaluate the comprehensive strength of specialty, and the main influencing factors were analyzed by single factor analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis. Results:The research and teaching ability of the specialties had the strongest correlation with the comprehensive strength of the specialties. The scientific research and teaching ability was strongly related to the medical service ability. The number of people holding the post of academic institutes at or above provincial level, the number of industry standards or national guidelines, the number of academic conferences hosted at or above the provincial level, the number of postgraduate training, the number of papers published in SCI and core journals were the main influencing factors of scientific research and teaching ability.Conclusions:It is necessary to improve the level of scientific research and teaching in key specialty to promote the improvement of medical service ability. We should pay more attention to the construction of high-level talents, the cultivation of research-oriented talents, the application of new medical technology and original research.