Objective:To investigate the role and underlying mechanisms of methyltransferase (Mettl) 3 in the process of angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ)-induced pericyte-to-myofibroblast transdifferentiation and renal fibrosis.Methods:C57BL/6J mice were used, in cell experiments, mouse renal pericytes were isolated and cultured using magnetic bead sorting. These pericytes were then induced to transdifferentiate into myofibroblasts with 1×10 6 mmol/L Ang Ⅱ, which was the Ang Ⅱ group, while pericytes cultured in normal conditions served as the control group. Successful transdifferentiation was verified by immunofluorescence staining, Western blotting, and real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). The levels of m6A modifications and related enzymes (Mettl3, Mettl14), Wilms tumor 1-associated protein (WTAP), fat mass and obesity protein (FTO), ALKBH5, YTHDF1, YTHDF2, YTHDC1, YTHDC2, YTHDC3 were assessed by Dot blot, RT-qPCR and Western blot. Mettl3 expression was inhibited in cells using lentivirus-mediated Mettl3-shRNA transfection, creating sh-Mettl3 and Ang Ⅱ+sh-Mettl3 groups, while lentivirus empty vector transfection served as the negative control (Ang Ⅱ+sh-NC group). The impact of Ang Ⅱ on pericyte transdifferentiation was observed, and the expression of downstream phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway proteins, including PI3K, AKT, phosphorylated AKT at serine 473 (p-AKT (S473)), and phosphorylated AKT at threonine 308 (p-AKT (T308)), were examined. PI3K gene transcription was inhibited by co-culturing cells with actinomycin D, and the half-life of PI3K mRNA was calculated by measuring residual PI3K mRNA expression over different co-culture time. The reversibility of Mettl3 inhibition on Ang Ⅱ-induced pericyte-to-myofibroblast transdifferentiation was assessed by adding the AKT activator SC79 to the Ang Ⅱ+sh-Mettl3 group. In animal experiments, mice were divided into these groups: sham group (administered 0.9% sterile saline), Ang Ⅱ group (infused with Ang Ⅱ solution), sh-Mettl3 group (injected with Mettl3 shRNA lentivirus solution), Ang Ⅱ+sh-Mettl3 group (infused with Ang Ⅱ solution and injected with Mettl3 shRNA lentivirus solution), and Ang Ⅱ+sh-Mettl3+SC79 group (administered Ang Ⅱ solution and Mettl3 shRNA lentivirus, with an additional injection of SC79). Each group consisted of six subject mice. Blood pressure was measured using the tail-cuff method before and after surgery, and serum creatinine, urea, and urinary albumin levels were determined 4 weeks post-surgery. Kidney tissues were collected at 28 days and stained using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson′s trichrome to assess the extent of renal fibrosis. Results:Primary renal pericytes were successfully obtained by magnetic bead sorting, and intervened with 1×10 6 mmol/L Ang Ⅱ for 48 hours to induce pericyte-to-myofibroblast transdifferentiation. Dot blot results indicated higher m6A modification levels in the Ang Ⅱ group compared to the control group ( P<0.05). RT-qPCR and Western blot results showed upregulation of Mettl3 mRNA and protein levels in the Ang Ⅱ group compared to the control group (both P<0.05). In the Ang Ⅱ+sh-Mettl3 group, Mettl3 protein expression was lower than that in the Ang Ⅱ group, with reduced expression levels of α-SMA, vimentin, desmin, fibroblast agonist protein (FAPa) and type Ⅰ collagen (all P<0.05). Compared to the control group, PI3K mRNA expression level was elevated in the Ang Ⅱ group, along with increased p-AKT (S473) and p-AKT (T308) expressions. In the Ang Ⅱ+sh-Mettl3 group, PI3K mRNA expression and p-AKT (S473) and p-AKT (T308) levels were decreased (all P<0.05). The half-life of PI3K mRNA was shorter in the Ang Ⅱ+sh-Mettl3 group than that in the Ang Ⅱ+sh-NC group (2.34 h vs. 3.42 h). The ameliorative effect of Mettl3 inhibition on Ang Ⅱ-induced pericyte-to-myofibroblast transdifferentiation was reversible by SC79. Animal experiments showed higher blood pressure, serum creatinine, urea, and 24-hour urinary protein levels, and a larger fibrosis area in the Ang Ⅱ group compared to the sham group (all P<0.05). The fibrosis area was smaller in the Ang Ⅱ+sh-Mettl3 group than that in the Ang Ⅱ group ( P<0.05), but increased again upon addition of SC79. Conclusion:Mettl3-mediated RNA m6A epigenetic regulation is involved in Ang Ⅱ-induced pericyte-to-myofibroblast transdifferentiation and renal fibrosis, potentially by affecting PI3K stability and regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE To study the quality grade stand ard of the premature Forsythia suspensa . METHODS A total of 138 batches of premature F. suspensa were collected from the main producing areas of F. suspensa in China. According to 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia ，the contents of impurities ，moisture，ethanol-soluble extract ，volatile oil ，forsythin and forsythoside A in the premature F. suspense were determined ，and the qualified samples were screened. AHP-PCA mixed weighting method was used to give comprehensive weight to the indicators （except for the limit of impurity ）. The comprehensive score of the samples was calculated. The suggestions on the quality grade division of premature F. suspensa were put forward according to cluster analysis of K-mean value. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS The contents of impurities ，moisture，ethanol-soluble extract ，volatile oil ，forsythin and forsythoside A in the premature F. suspense were 0-7.80％，1.60％-8.18％，13.13％-61.60％，0.21％-3.47％，0.02％-2.15％ and 0.79％-14.04％，respectively；average contents of them were 1.24％，4.97％，34.88％，2.01％，0.42％，6.86％，respectively. Totally 47 batches of 138 batches were qualified in all indexes. It is suggested that the quality grade of the premature F. suspense can be divided into three grades ：in first grade of F. suspense ，the contents of volatile oil ，forsythin，forsythoside A ， ethanol-soluble extract and moisture were ≥2.40％，≥0.59％，≥8.34％，≥38.66％ and ≤4.99％，respectively；in second grade of F. suspense ，the contents of above indicators were ≥2.26％，≥0.41％，≥7.47％，≥32.58％ and ≤5.33％，respectively；in third grade of F. suspense ，the contents of above indicators were ≥2.15％，≥0.32％，≥4.60％，≥31.52％ and≤7.23％，respectively.

Objective:To investigate ultrasonographic manifestations of gonococcal infections of the penile skin and accessory glands in men, and to assess their clinical significance.Methods:From January 2014 to January 2021, male patients with gonococcal infections of the penile skin and accessory glands were collected from Department of Dermatology, Changshu No.1 People′s Hospital. The diagnosis had been confirmed by laboratory examinations, and these patients had not received relevant treatment. The real-time ultrasound imaging system SIEMENS ACUSON X300 was used to examine the penile skin and accessory gland lesions infected with Neisseria gonorrhoeae, with the probe frequency ranging from 7.5 to 15 MHz. Patients with tubular anechoic fluid-filled areas on the high-frequency ultrasound images received a single dose of intramuscular ceftriaxone (1 g) ; those with oval-shaped anechoic fluid-filled areas on the high-frequency ultrasound images received incision and drainage followed by intramuscular injection of ceftriaxone at a dose of 1 g once a day for 5 consecutive days; those with hypoechoic or mixed echoic areas on the high-frequency ultrasound images received intramuscular injection of ceftriaxone at a dose of 1 g once a day for 5 consecutive days, and if the nodules did not regress after 1-month treatment, local resection would be performed. One month after the treatment, the patients were followed up, and the efficacy was evaluated. Results:A total of 32 male patients with gonococcal infections of the penile skin and accessory glands were collected. They were aged 28.54 ± 3.27 years, all had a history of non-marital sexual contact, and the duration from non-marital sexual contact to the onset of symptoms was 4.45 ± 1.03 days. The disease course was 8.64 ± 1.87 days. Lesions were all solitary, and located at the external urethral meatus in 16 cases (50.00%) , at the glans penis in 7 cases (21.88%) , beside the foreskin frenulum in 5 cases (15.62%) , and at the penile raphe in 4 cases (12.50%) . Sixteen patients (50.00%) presented with sinus-like lesions, 9 (28.13%) with abscesses, 7 (21.87%) with nodules, and all had tenderness on palpation. High-frequency ultrasound examination showed tubular anechoic fluid-filled areas in 16 cases (50.00%) , oval-shaped anechoic fluid-filled areas in 7 cases (21.88%) , hypoechoic areas in 5 cases (15.62%) , and mixed echoic areas in 4 cases (12.50%) . Gonococcal infections involved the cavernous body of the urethra in 16 cases (50.00%) , cavernous body of the penis in 5 cases (15.62%) , and subcutaneous tissue of the penis in 11 cases (34.38%) . After the treatment, all the patients were cured.Conclusion:High-frequency ultrasound can be used in the assessment of skin lesions and selection of treatment regimens for male patients with gonococcal infections of the penile skin and accessory glands.

Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) Chinese patients using glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa inhibitor (GPI).Methods:The data from CCC-ACS (Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China-ACS) project were systematically reviewed in ACS patients with GPI. The patients were divided into ticagrelor and clopidogrel groups. A logistic analysis and propensity score matching (PSM) were performed to compare occurrences of major cardiovascular events (MACE) and bleeding events between the two groups during hospitalization.Results:A total of 63 641 ACS patients were collected from 150 hospitals. Logistic regression analyses showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the reduction of MACE between ticagrelor and clopidogrel when using GPI ( OR=0.881, 95% CI 0.599-1.296; P=0.521). However, major bleeding rate was higher in the ticagrelor group than that in the clopidogrel group ( OR=1.401, 95% CI 1.075-1.852; P=0.013). Similar results were observed after PSM. No statistic difference in MACE between the ticagrelor and clopidogrel group ( OR=0.919, 95% CI 0.613-1.376; P=0.681). Major bleeding rate was higher in the ticagrelor group ( OR=1.559, 95% CI 1.130-2.150; P=0.007). Conclusion:In ACS patients with GPI, ticagrelor did not reduce MACE, but increased the major bleeding risk compared with clopidogrel.

Objective:To investiqate the clinical and CT features of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.Methods:The clinical and CT data of 23 anaplastic thyroid carcinoma patients were retrospectively analyzed, mainly including gender, age, chief complaint, and CT signs such as tumor size, distribution status, morphology, calcification, necrosis, peripheral invasion, lymph node metastasis and lung metastasis.Results:Among 23 cases of ATC, the ratio of male to female was 7∶16. 21 cases (91.3%) had hoarseness or cervical mass, 8 cases (34.8%) had rapid enlargement of tumor size, 6 cases (26.1%) with lesion in unilateral lobe, 8 cases (34.8%) in unilateral lobe + isthmus, 9 cases (39.1%) in bilateral lobe + isthmus, diameter of tumors was (6.1 ± 1.7) cm, 20 cases (87.0%) had irregular shape of tumors. 16 cases (69.6%) with rough calcification, 17 cases (73.9%) with extensive necrosis, 15 cases (65.2%) with tracheoesophageal groove extension, 18 cases (78.3%) with cervical lymph node metastasis, 8 cases (34.8%) with lung metastasis, 16 cases (69.6%) with trachea invasion, 7 cases (30.4%) with common carotid artery invasion, and 10 cases (43.5%) with internal jugular vein invasion.Conclusions:The clinical features include elderly women patients, big tumors size, rapid enlargement of tumor size, CT signs include irregular shape, coarse calcification, extensive necrosis, tracheoesophageal groove extension, cervical lymph node metastasis, lung metastasis and invasion of trachea, common carotid artery and internal jugular vein. These features have great value in the diagnosis of ATC and evaluation of peripheral structure invasion, cervical lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis.

Objective: To investigate whether microRNA(miR)-214 can improve hyperglycemia induced pyroptosis in H9c2 cells through targeting caspase-1. Methods: H9c2 cells of rats those in good growth condition were selected and incubated into the T25 culture bottle after digestion and passage. Cells were cultured in an incubator at 37 ℃ with 5%CO₂, repeat passage was made after cell density reached about 80%, The 5^th to 8^th generations of cells were selected for the subsequent experiments. To observe the effect of overexpression of miR-214 on pyroptosis and caspase-1 expression in H9c2 cells induced by hyperglycemia, the cells were divided into 4 groups: Control group(H9c2 cells cultured normally), Hyperglycemia group (HG group, 50 mmol/L glucose was used to intervene H9c2 cells for 24 hours), miR-214 mimics+hyperglycosis group (mimics+HG group, H9c2 cells were transfected with miR-214 mimics for 24 hours and then treated with 50 mmol/L hyperglycosis for 24 hours), miR-214 mimic-negative control+hyperglycaemic group(MNC+HG group, H9c2 cells were transfected with miR-214 mimic-negative control for 24 hours and then treated with 50 mmol/L hyperglycaemic for 24 hours). In order to further verify the anti-pyroptosis effect of miR-214 was mediated by targeted inhibition on caspase-1, cells overexpressing caspase-1 were used in the rescue experiment. The cells overexpressing caspase-1 were divided into 4 groups: Hyperglycemia group (HG group, 50 mmol/L glucose was used to intervene H9c2 cells for 24 hours), miR-214 mimics+hyperglycosis group (mimics+HG group, H9c2 cells were transfected with miR-214 mimics for 24 hours and then treated with 50 mmol/L hyperglycosis for 24 hours), miR-214 mimics+hyperglycosis+recombinant adenovirus (Ad-caspase-1-EGFP) group with caspase-1 gene and EGFP green fluorescent protein expression (mimics+HG+Ad-caspase-1-EGFP group, H9c2 cells were transfected with caspase-1-green fluorescent protein-carrying adenovirus for 48 hours, followed by transfection of miR-214 mimics for 24 hours, and then treated with 50 mmol/L hyperglycaemia for 24 hours), miR-214 mimics+HG+Ad-EGFP empty virus group (mimics+HG+Ad-EGFP group, H9c2 cells were transfected with empty adenovirus containing green fluorescent protein for 48 hours, followed by transfection with miR-214 mimics for 24 hours, and then treated with 50 mmol/L hyperglycosis for 24 hours). The mRNA expression levels of miRNA-214 and caspase-1 in cells were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The expression and localization of caspase-1 protein were detected by immunofluorescence assay. Western blot was used to detect protein expression levels of procaspase-1, cleaved caspase-1, NLRP3 and ACS with β-actin as internal reference. The secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 in cell culture medium was detected by ELISA. The correlation between miR-214 and caspase-1 was detected by double luciferase reporter gene. Results: (1) The mRNA expression levels of miR-214 and caspase-1 in each group: the mRNA expressions of miR-214 in HG group and MNC+HG group were significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05). The mRNA expression of miR-214 in mimics+HG group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). The mRNA expression levels of caspase-1 in HG group and MNC+HG group were significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05). The mRNA expression level of caspase-1 in mimics+HG group was lower than that in control group(P<0.05). (2) The expression of caspase-1 in each group: the green fluorescence intensity in the control group was weak, which was strong in the HG group and MNC+HG group. The green fluorescence expression was weaker in mimics+HG group than in HG group. (3) ASC and NLRP3 protein expression levels in each group: ASC and NLRP3 protein expression levels in HG group and MNC+HG group were higher than those in control group(P<0.05). ASC and NLRP3 protein expression levels were significantly lower in mimics+HG group than in mimics+HG group (P<0.05). (4) The secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 in the cell culture medium of each group: the content of IL-1β and IL-18 in the cell culture medium of HG group and MNC+HG group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05). The content of IL-1β and IL-18 in the cell culture medium of mimics+HG group was significantly lower than that of the HG group (P<0.05). (5) Correlation between miR-214 and caspase-1: miR-214 specifically binds to caspase-1 3 ′UTR. Meanwhile, Western blot results showed that cleaved caspase-1 protein expression levels were significantly higher in both HG group and MNC+HG group than in control group (P<0.05). The levels of cleaved caspase-1 were significantly lower in mimics+HG group than in HG group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in procaspase-1 expression among groups (P>0.05). (6) The expression levels of procaspase-1, cleaved caspase-1, ASC and NLRP3 in each group in rescue experiment: there was no significant difference in the expression of procaspase-1 in each group (P>0.05). Cleaved caspase-1, ASC and NLRP3 protein expressions were significantly lower in mimics+HG group than in HG group (P<0.05). However, cleaved caspase-1, ASC and NLRP3 protein expressions were significantly higher in mimics+HG+ Ad-caspase-1-EGFP group than in mimics+HG group (P<0.05). (7) The expression of IL-1β and IL-18 in rescue experiment: the secretions of IL-1β and IL-18 in the cell culture medium of the mimics+HG group were significantly lower than that of HG group (P<0.05), which were significantly higher in mimics+HG+Ad-caspase-1-EGFP group than in mimics+HG group (P<0.05). Conclusion miR-214 can improve the hyperglycemia induced pyroptosis in H9c2 cells by targeted inhibition of the caspase-1.

Objective To investigate whether microRNA(miR)?214 can improve hyperglycemia induced pyroptosis in H9c2 cells through targeting caspase?1. Methods H9c2 cells of rats those in good growth condition were selected and incubated into the T25 culture bottle after digestion and passage. Cells were cultured in an incubator at 37℃with 5%CO2, repeat passage was made after cell density reached about 80%, The 5th to 8th generations of cells were selected for the subsequent experiments. To observe the effect of overexpression of miR?214 on pyroptosis and caspase?1 expression in H9c2 cells induced by hyperglycemia, the cells were divided into 4 groups: Control group(H9c2 cells cultured normally), Hyperglycemia group (HG group, 50 mmol/L glucose was used to intervene H9c2 cells for 24 hours), miR?214 mimics+hyperglycosis group (mimics+HG group, H9c2 cells were transfected with miR?214 mimics for 24 hours and then treated with 50 mmol/L hyperglycosis for 24 hours), miR?214 mimic?negative control+hyperglycaemic group(MNC+HG group, H9c2 cells were transfected with miR?214 mimic?negative control for 24 hours and then treated with 50 mmol/L hyperglycaemic for 24 hours). In order to further verify the anti?pyroptosis effect of miR?214 was mediated by targeted inhibition on caspase?1, cells overexpressing caspase?1 were used in the rescue experiment. The cells overexpressing caspase?1 were divided into 4 groups: Hyperglycemia group (HG group, 50 mmol/L glucose was used to intervene H9c2 cells for 24 hours), miR?214 mimics+hyperglycosis group (mimics+HG group, H9c2 cells were transfected with miR?214 mimics for 24 hours and then treated with 50 mmol/L hyperglycosis for 24 hours), miR?214 mimics+hyperglycosis+recombinant adenovirus (Ad?caspase?1?EGFP) group with caspase?1 gene and EGFP green fluorescent protein expression (mimics+HG + Ad?caspase?1?EGFP group, H9c2 cells were transfected with caspase?1?green fluorescent protein?carrying adenovirus for 48 hours, followed by transfection of miR?214 mimics for 24 hours, and then treated with 50 mmol/L hyperglycaemia for 24 hours), miR?214 mimics+HG+Ad?EGFP empty virus group (mimics+HG+Ad?EGFP group, H9c2 cells were transfected with empty adenovirus containing green fluorescent protein for 48 hours, followed by transfection with miR?214 mimics for 24 hours, and then treated with 50 mmol/L hyperglycosis for 24 hours). The mRNA expression levels of miRNA?214 and caspase?1 in cells were detected by real?time quantitative PCR. The expression and localization of caspase?1 protein were detected by immunofluorescence assay. Western blot was used to detect protein expression levels of procaspase?1, cleaved caspase?1, NLRP3 and ACS with β?actin as internal reference. The secretion of IL?1β and IL?18 in cell culture medium was detected by ELISA. The correlation between miR?214 and caspase?1 was detected by double luciferase reporter gene. Results (1) The mRNA expression levels of miR?214 and caspase?1 in each group: the mRNA expressions of miR?214 in HG group and MNC+HG group were significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05). The mRNA expression of miR?214 in mimics+HG group was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). The mRNA expression levels of caspase?1 in HG group and MNC+HG group were significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05). The mRNA expression level of caspase?1 in mimics+HG group was lower than that in control group(P<0.05). (2) The expression of caspase?1 in each group: the green fluorescence intensity in the control group was weak, which was strong in the HG group and MNC+HG group. The green fluorescence expression was weaker in mimics+HG group than in HG group. (3) ASC and NLRP3 protein expression levels in each group: ASC and NLRP3 protein expression levels in HG group and MNC+HG group were higher than those in control group(P<0.05). ASC and NLRP3 protein expression levels were significantly lower in mimics+HG group than in mimics+HG group (P<0.05). (4) The secretion of IL?1β and IL?18 in the cell culture medium of each group: the content of IL?1β and IL?18 in the cell culture medium of HG group and MNC+HG group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05). The content of IL?1β and IL?18 in the cell culture medium of mimics+HG group was significantly lower than that of the HG group (P<0.05). (5) Correlation between miR?214 and caspase?1: miR?214 specifically binds to caspase?1 3 ＇UTR. Meanwhile, Western blot results showed that cleaved caspase?1 protein expression levels were significantly higher in both HG group and MNC+HG group than in control group (P<0.05). The levels of cleaved caspase?1 were significantly lower in mimics+HG group than in HG group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in procaspase?1 expression among groups (P>0.05). (6) The expression levels of procaspase?1, cleaved caspase?1, ASC and NLRP3 in each group in rescue experiment: there was no significant difference in the expression of procaspase?1 in each group (P>0.05). Cleaved caspase?1 , ASC and NLRP3 protein expressions were significantly lower in mimics+HG group than in HG group (P<0.05). However, cleaved caspase?1, ASC and NLRP3 protein expressions were significantly higher in mimics+HG+Ad?caspase?1?EGFP group than in mimics+HG group (P<0.05). (7) The expression of IL?1β and IL?18 in rescue experiment: the secretions of IL?1β and IL?18 in the cell culture medium of the mimics+HG group were significantly lower than that of HG group (P<0.05), which were significantly higher in mimics+HG+Ad?caspase?1?EGFP group than in mimics+HG group (P<0.05). Conclusion miR?214 can improve the hyperglycemia induced pyroptosis in H9c2 cells by targeted inhibition of the caspase?1.

Objective To verify the change of the anxiety and depression of patients anteriorposterior treatment at paraurethral duct dilitation after gonococcal infection of paraurethral duct.Methods Twenty-eight patients of paraurethral duct dilatation after male gonococcal infection of paraurethral duct were enrolled,and the patients were treated in the Department of Dermatology and Venerology,the First People's Hospital of Changshu City.The anxiety and depression of patients anteriorposterior treatment were assessed and compared with Hamilton depression scale and Hamilton anxiety scale.Results The total scores of Hamilton depression scale and Hamilton anxiety scale before treatment were positively correlated with course of disease (r =0.481,P =0.0095;r =0.549,P =0.0025).The total scores of Hamilton depression and anxiety before treatment were from 1 to 31 (18.9±7.5) and from 4 to 30 (14.9±6.8).The symptoms of depression and anxiety appeared in 11 patients and 15 patients respectively.The total scores of Hamilton depression andanxiety after treatment were from 0 to 8 (4.3±1.7) and from 0 to 8 (3.3±1.7).There was no symptom of depression and anxiety.The difference of the total score of Hamilton depression and anxiety before and after treatment had statistical significance (t =12.270,P＜0.001,t =10.626,P＜0.001).The difference of positive rate of depressive and anxious symptom before and after treatment had statistical significance too (x2 =9.05,P=0.003;x2 =13.06,P=0.000).Conclusions The sequelae of gonococcal paraurethral duct infection in male paraurethral duct dilatation can result in the anxiety and depression of patients,which should be treated.Effective therapy can relieve or cure the anxiety and depression of patients without the assistance of psychotropic drugs.

Objective: To explore the imaging characteristics and related influencing factors of in-stent neoatherosclerosis (ISNA) in patients with restenosis after drug-eluting stent(DES) implantation with optical coherence tomography(OCT). Methods: A total of 25 cases of coronary heart disease patients(DES placement time ≥8 months) with coronary artery angiography showing DES in-stent restenosis (ISR) in Zunyi medical college affiliated hospital from July 2013 to December 2015 were included in this study and patient's data were retrospectively analyzed.In these patients with ISR, OCT images were acquired before percutaneous coronary intervention. Patients were divided into the ISNA group (12 patients and 12 lesions) and non-ISNA group(13 patients and 13 lesions) according to the result of OCT. ISNA on OCT was defined as neointima formation with the presence of lipids or calcification. Results: (1) The incidence of chronic kidney disease and increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level in ISNA group were significant higher than that in non-ISNA group(all P<0.05). The stent implantation time in ISNA group was longer than that in the non-ISNA group(53.0(14.0, 81.0) months vs. 15.0(8.5, 32.5) months, P<0.01). In addition, clinical manifestation of acute coronary syndrome was present in 8 out of 12 patientsin ISNA group, and stable angina pectoris was found in 10 out of 13 casesin non-ISNA group(P<0.01). (2) Quantitative analysis of OCT showed that the lumen area was less in ISNA group than in non-ISNA group((3.45±1.82)mm² vs. (4.17±1.68)mm², P<0.01), and neointimal area(3.89(2.26, 5.52)mm² vs. 2.96(1.99, 4.22)mm², P<0.01), neointimal load (53.15(40.18, 67.30)% vs. 41.54(32.08, 56.91)%, P<0.01), neointimal thickness(0.98(0.63, 1.36)μm vs. 0.72(0.51, 1.03)μm, P<0.01) were higher in ISNA group than in non-ISNA group.(3)Qualitative analysis of OCT showed that the prevalence of homogeneous intima was less in the ISNA group than in the non-ISNA group ((41.42±22.56)% vs.(72.06±18.68)%, P<0.05), on the contrary, the heterogeneous intima was more common in the ISNA group ((58.57±22.56)% vs. (27.94±18.68)%, P<0.05). There was no significant difference between two groups in the peri-stentmicrovessels (9/12 vs. 5/13,P>0.05), and prevalence of intraintimalmicrovessels was higher in the ISNA group than in non-ISNA group (7/12 vs. 2/13, P<0.05). In addition, thin cap fibrous plaque(7/12 vs. 0, P<0.01), disrupted intima with visible cavity (7/12 vs. 1/13, P<0.05),andintraluminal red thrombus(7/12 vs. 1/13, P<0.05) were significantly higher in ISNA group than in non-ISNA group. Conclusions Results of OCT show that ISNA occurs frequently in patients with ISR after DES implantation. The stent implantation time, incidence of chronic kidney disease and higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level are associated with the formation of ISNA in these patients.

Objective To evaluate therapeutic effects of wedge resection on male paraurethral duct dilatation following gonococcal paraurethral duct infection. Methods With the aid of high-frequency ultrasound images, 11 male patients with paraurethral duct dilatation following gonococcal paraurethral duct infection were treated with wedge resection. The data were collected, including the surgical duration, amount of bleeding during the surgery, period of wound healing and complications. If the ostium beside the external urethral orifice disappeared within 4 weeks after the surgery, there was no discharge from the ostium with pressure, and no tubular echoic area was observed by high-frequency ultrasound imaging, the patient was considered to be recovered. If none of the above three conditions could be met, the surgical treatment was considered to be ineffective. Results The average surgical duration was 19.19 ± 2.71 minutes(range, 14-23 minutes), the average amount of bleeding during the surgery was 11.09 ± 2.07 ml (range, 8-14 ml), and the average period of wound healing was 14.91 ± 1.45 days(range, 13-17 days). Of the 11 patients, 10 were cured, and 1 showed no response. No complications were observed in any of the 11 patients, and no defects formed in the glans penis. Conclusion Wedge resection is a kind of effective therapy for paraurethral duct dilatation following gonococcal paraurethral duct infection in males.