Objective:To design an electronic nose that can detect and identify urinary volatile organic compounds (VOCs) as marker gases for bladder cancer.Methods:Isopropyl alcohol, ethylbenzene, acetic acid, and ammonia were selected as target gases, and 8 metal oxide gas sensors were used to construct sensor arrays for testing and collecting experimental data, and different characteristics were normalized. Recursive feature elimination (RFE) was used to select the best feature subset, and principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were further introduced to reduce the data dimension and facilitate visual analysis. In addition, three machine learning algorithms, including support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and K-nearest neighbor (KNN), were combined to train and verify the model.Results:When the feature number was 12, the accuracy of the model classification had the best performance. The feature subset consisted of 5 differences, 5 sensitivities, and 2 integrals, and the data was reduced to 12 dimensions. Only PCA couldn’t distinguish the four gases. The LDA classification performance was significantly better than that of PCA, except that isopropyl alcohol and acetic acid had a small overlap area. LDA could distinguish ethylbenzene and ammonia from isopropyl alcohol and acetic acid; the sample points were gathered, which means the clustering performance was also better. The prediction accuracy of SVM, RF, and KNN was 0.85, 0.56, and 0.79, respectively. After model verification, the classification accuracy of PCA+SVM, LDA+RF, and LDA+KNN was 0.97, 0.94, and 0.97, respectively.Conclusions:An electronic nose was designed to detect and identify urinary VOCs marker gases for bladder cancer.

Objective To explore the microstructural changes in white matter(WM)fibers of patients with post-stroke depression(PSD)by using automated fiber quantification(AFQ)and the relationship between changes in fibers and the Hamilton depression scale(HAMD).Methods The HAMD and MRI data were collected from stroke patients with a single anterior circulation infarction at 1-month follow-up.AFQ was used to extract the main fibers and calculate the fractional anisotropy(FA)of each node in each fiber.The difference of node FA in each fiber between groups and correlations between altered node FA and HAMD were then evaluated.Results Data were collected from 8 patients with PSD and 18 patients without PSD(non-PSD).Compared with that in non-PSD,the node FA in the callosum,left inferior longitudinal fasciculus,and uncinate fasciculus were significantly decreased in patients with PSD(P<0.05).The altered node FA values in the corpus callosum forceps minor(r=-0.418,P=0.047)and left uncinate fasciculus(r=-0.467,P=0.029)were negatively related to HAMD in patients with PSD.Conclusions AFQ can precisely measure the segmental microstructural damage of nerve fiber bundles in patients with PSD,of which segmental microstructural damage of the corpus callosum forceps and hook tracts is associated with the severity of depression.

Objective:To describe the current situation of mental health service utilization of community pa-tients with five mental disorders in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and provide reference for health education and formulating relevant policies.Methods:The multistage stratified sampling method with unequal probability was used to select a total of 12 315 community residents aged 18 and over in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.Using Composite International Diagnostic Interview,mood disorders,anxiety disorders,substance use disorders,intermit-tent explosive disorders,and eating disorders,and health service utilization were investigated.Descriptive statistics was completed by single factor analysis method.Results:The lifetime rates of consultation and treatment of any mental disorder were 18.7％and 10.2％,respectively.The highest proportion of patients received treatment by non-medical professionals was 31.4％,followed by psychiatrists in psychiatric hospital or psychologists in general hospitals.Among the patients,1.1％of them received medication,and 2.5％received psychotherapy.Conclusion:The utilization rate of mental health services in community patients with five mental disorders is relatively low.It is necessary to conduct health education for medical help seeking properly.

Objective To explore the effect of mindfulness training on mental health of elite athletes and its possible mechanism.Methods Totally 462 Chinese elite athletes(Mage=18.16,SD=3.14,Range=12～28,44.8%female)were conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey.SPSS23 was employed for data statistical analysis,and the mediation model was tested through the Bootstrap program of the extension program PROCESS.Results Mindfulness significantly and negatively predicted anxiety(β=-0.386,P<0.001),depression(β=-0.342,P<0.001),and poor sleep quality(β=-0.324,P<0.001),but significantly and positively predicted training&competition satisfaction(β=0.432,P<0.001)and psychological well-being(β=0.399,P<0.001).Moreover,mindfulness showed significant effects on anxi-ety,poor sleep quality,and satisfaction to training and competition through experiential acceptance,cognitive defusion,and decentering.However,it performed significant impacts on their depression and psychological well-being only through experiential acceptance and cognitive defusion.Conclusion Mind-fulness directly predicts negative reactions such as anxiety,depression and poor sleep quality,as well as positive ones including training and competition satisfaction and psychological well-being in elite ath-letes.Moreover,it has indirect effects on anxiety,poor sleep and training and competition satisfaction through experiential acceptance,cognitive defusion and decentering,together with on depression and psychological well-being through the former two factors.

Objective:To explore the prevalence and independent associated factors of vascular calcification (VC) in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients of stage 3-5.Methods:It was a single-center cross-sectional observational study. Non-dialysis stage 3-5 CKD patients ≥18 years old who were admitted to the Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from May 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022 with VC evaluation were enrolled. The patients' general information, laboratory examination and imaging data were collected. Coronary artery calcification (CAC), thoracic aorta calcification (TAC), abdominal aorta calcification (AAC), carotid artery calcification and aortic valve calcification (AVC) were evaluated by cardiac-gated electron-beam CT (EBCT) scans, lateral lumbar x-ray, cervical macrovascular ultrasound and echocardiography, respectively. The differences in clinical data and the prevalence of VC at different sites of patients with different CKD stages were compared, and the prevalence of VC at different sites of patients in different age groups [youth group (18-44 years old), middle-aged group (45-64 years old) and elderly group (≥65 years old)] and patients with or without diabetes were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyse the independent associated factors of VC for different areas.Results:A total of 206 patients aged (51±14) years were included, including 129 (62.6%) males. There were 44 patients with CKD stage 3 (21.4%), 51 patients with CKD stage 4 (24.8%), and 111 patients with CKD stage 5 (53.9%). CKD was caused by chronic glomerulonephritis [104 cases (50.5%)], diabetic kidney damage [35 cases (17.0%)], hypertensive kidney damage [29 cases (14.1%)] and others [38 cases (18.4%)]. Among 206 patients, 131 (63.6%) exhibited cardiovascular calcification, and the prevalence of CAC, TAC, AAC, carotid artery calcification, and AVC was 37.9%, 43.7%, 37.9%, 35.9% and 9.7%, respectively. The overall prevalence of VC in young, middle-aged and elderly patients was 24.6%, 73.6% and 97.4%, respectively. With the increase of age, the prevalence of VC in each site gradually increased, and the increasing trend was statistically significant (all P<0.001). The overall prevalence of VC in CKD patients with diabetes was 92.5% (62/67), and the prevalence of VC at each site in the patients with diabetes was significantly higher than that in the patients without diabetes (all P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age (every 10 years increase, OR=2.51, 95% CI 1.77-3.56, P<0.001), hypertension ( OR=5.88, 95% CI 1.57-22.10, P=0.009), and diabetes ( OR=4.66, 95% CI 2.10-10.35, P<0.001) were independently correlated with CAC; Age (every 10 years increase, OR=6.43, 95% CI 3.64-11.36, P<0.001) and hypertension ( OR=6.09, 95% CI 1.33-27.84, P=0.020) were independently correlated with TAC; Female ( OR=0.23, 95% CI 0.07-0.72, P=0.011), age (every 10 years increase, OR=3.90, 95% CI 2.42-6.29, P<0.001), diabetes ( OR=5.37, 95% CI 2.19-13.19, P<0.001) and serum magnesium ( OR=0.01,95% CI 0-0.35, P=0.014) were independently correlated with AAC. Moreover, age and diabetes were independently correlated with carotid artery calcification, AVC and overall VC Conclusions:The prevalence of VC in non-dialysis CKD patients of stage 3-5 is 63.59%, of which CAC reaches 37.9%, TAC is the most common one (43.7%), while AVC is the least one (9.7%). Age and diabetes are the independent associated factors for VC of all sites except TAC, while hypertension is an independent associated factor for both CAC and TAC.

Establishing a governance structure and an operational model that is compatible with modern hospital manage-ment systems,deepening the reform of hospital management institutions,and exploring the implementation of Super-department System with unified functions are inevitable requirements for promoting the high-quality development of public hospitals.Hospital of Stomatology of Sun Yat-sen University takes the Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as a guide and fully implements the"Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Promoting the High Quality Development of Public Hospitals,"integrates party building work and vocational work,carries out practical exploration of the reform of the Su-per-department System,and leads the hospital to achieve phased results in high-quality development.

In recent years,there have been active studies on intracranial hemorrhage associated with hematological malignancies,but the understanding of subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with hematological malignancies is still insufficient.We retrieve from PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(NCKI),and describes the understanding of hematological malignant tumor related subarachnoid hemorrhage.This article summarizes the clinical characteristics and possible pathogenesis of subarachnoid hemorrhage associated with hematological malignancies.At present,there is a lack of effective prevention and treatment measures for hematological malignant tumor-related subarachnoid hemorrhage,which mainly focuses on the active treatment of the primary disease while saving time for the treatment of complications,and the mortality is high.

Objective Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)poses a significant challenge for treatment efficacy.CD8+T cells,which are pivotal immune cells,can be effectively analyzed for differential gene expression across diverse cell populations owing to rapid advancements in sequencing technology.By leveraging these genes,our objective was to develop a prognostic model that accurately predicts the prognosis of patients with TNBC and their responsiveness to immunotherapy. Methods Sample information and clinical data of TNBC were sourced from The Cancer Genome Atlas and METABRIC databases.In the initial stage,we identified 67 differentially expressed genes associated with immune response in CD8+T cells.Subsequently,we narrowed our focus to three key genes,namely CXCL13,GBP2,and GZMB,which were used to construct a prognostic model.The accuracy of the model was assessed using the validation set data and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.Furthermore,we employed various methods,including Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway,immune infiltration,and correlation analyses with CD274(PD-L1)to explore the model's predictive efficacy in immunotherapeutic responses.Additionally,we investigated the potential underlying biological pathways that contribute to divergent treatment responses. Results We successfully developed a model capable of predicting the prognosis of patients with TNBC.The areas under the curve(AUC)values for the 1-,3-,and 5-year survival predictions were 0.618,0.652,and 0.826,respectively.Employing this risk model,we stratified the samples into high-and low-risk groups.Through KEGG enrichment analysis,we observed that the high-risk group predominantly exhibited enrichment in metabolism-related pathways such as drug and chlorophyll metabolism,whereas the low-risk group demonstrated significant enrichment in cytokine pathways.Furthermore,immune landscape analysis revealed noteworthy variations between(PD-L1)expression and risk scores, Conclusion Our study demonstrates the potential of CXCL13,GBP2,and GZMB as prognostic indicators of clinical outcomes and immunotherapy responses in patients with TNBC.These findings provide valuable insights and novel avenues for developing immunotherapeutic approaches targeting TNBC.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological features and key points of diagnosis and treatment of malignant perivascular epithelioid cell tumor(PEComa)to increase awareness of the disease.Methods The clinicopathological data of 2 patients with malignant PEComa treated in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed,and relevant literatures were reviewed.Results Both patients were male,aged 53 and 16 years,respectively.The sites of occurrence were in the retroperitoneum and pelvis,respectively.Both tumors were resected surgically,and the diagnosis was confirmed with postoperative pathology.Under the microscope,the tumor tissue of one patient was mainly composed of smooth muscle-like cells,and that of the other patient was composed of epithelioid cells,both showing pathological mitotic images and expressing HMB45,Melan-A,SMA and CD34,no tumor recurrence or metastasis was observed during the follow-up.The literatures collected involved 15 patients with retroperitoneal or pelvic PEComa,including 3 males and 12 females,of which 9 were malignant.The clinical manifestations were abdominal pain,bloating,or lower back pain.Some cases were detected during physical examinations.Conclusion Malignant PEComa is difficult to be diagnosed before surgery and easy to be misdiagnosed.The confirmed diagnosis depends on the postoperative pathological results.The preferred treatment is complete resection of tumor.Long-term follow-up is needed.

Objective To explore the risk factors that affect the outcome of testicular torsion in patients with testicular resection,to provide ideas for clinical management.Methods The clinical data of 117 patients with testicular torsion treated in our hospital during Jan.1,2012 and Mar.1,2023 were retrospectively analyzed,43 of whom underwent testicular detorsion and orchidopexy,and 74 underwent orchiectomy.The correlation between preoperative inflammatory and coagulation-related indicators,testicular torsion angle,TWIST score and orchiectomy was analyzed with univariate analysis.The independent risk factors for testicular torsion patients with testicular resection as the outcome were analyzed with binary logistic regression.The predictive value of each factor for orchiectomy was assessed with receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that long duration of onset(OR=1.841,P=0.036),large torsion angle(OR=1.005,P=0.016),high TWIST score(OR=2.225,P=0.003)and elevated FIB level(OR=2.489,P=0.049)were independent risk factors for testicular torsion patients with testicular resection as the outcome.ROC curve analysis showed that the best cut-off value of the above 4 factors to predict orchiectomy were 1.75 days,225°,3.5 and 3.155 g/L;the area under the ROC curve(AUC)were 0.893,0.718,0.812 and 0.770,respectively.Conclusion The duration of onset,torsion angle,TWIST score,and FIB level are independent risk factors for testicular torsion patients with testicular resection as the outcome,and these indicators have certain predictive value.