Medical imaging technology plays a crucial role in clinical diagnosis and treatment. Image compression technology provides robust technical support for the storage and transmission of massive medical imaging data, serving as an effective safeguard for hospital data backup and telemedicine. The technology holds broad application prospects in the medical field, enabling the processing of various imaging modalities, multidimensional imaging, and medical video imaging. This study elaborates on general image and video compression algorithms, the application of compression algorithms in the medical field, and the performance metrics of medical image compression, thereby providing critical technical support for enhancing clinical diagnostic efficiency and data management security.

Various therapeuti modailities have been engineered for lung cancer treatment, but their clinic application is severely impeded by the poor therapy efficiency and immunosuppressive microenvironment. Herein, we fabricated a library of small molecule redox-labile nanoparticles (NPs) (i.e., diPTX-2C NPs, diPTX-2S NPs, and diPTX-2Se NPs) by the self-assembly of dimer paclitaxel (PTX) prodrug, and then utilized these NPs with the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Qi-Yu-San-Long-Fang (Q) for effective chemoimmunotherapy on Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC)-bearing mice models. Under the high concentration of glutathione (GSH) and H₂O₂, diPTX-2Se NPs could specifically release PTX in cancer cells and exert a higher selectivity and toxicity than normal cells. In LLC tumor-bearing mice, oral administration of Q not only effectively downregulated programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression, but also remodeled the immunosuppressive tumor immune microenvironment via the increase of CD4⁺ T and CD8⁺ T cell proportion and the repolarization of M2 into M1 macrophages in tumor tissues, collectively achieving superior synergistic treatment outcomes in combination with intravenous PTX prodrug NPs. Besides, we found that the combination regimen also demonstrated excellent chemoimmunotherapeutic performances on low-dose small established tumor and high-dose large established tumor models. This study may shed light on the potent utilization of Chinese and Western-integrative strategy for efficient tumor chemoimmunotherapy.

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects of magnesium citrate(MgCit)on oxidative stress in chronic renal failure(CRF).Methods SD rats were divided into CRF model group,MgCit groups(375 and 750 mg/kg),normal control group,and MgCit control group(750 mg/kg).The morphology of mitochondria in thoracic artery vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs)was observed by transmission electron microscopy.The content of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and malonaldehyde(MDA)in rat aorta and plasma was detected by the kit.The VSMCs were divided into normal control group,CRF model group,and MgCit groups(1.5 and 3 mmol/L).The levels of superoxide anion(DHE)and apoptosis were quantitatively detected by flow cytometry.Results Compared with the control groups,the mitochondria were swollen and the cristae fractured or disappeared in the model group;MgCit intervention could reduce mitochondrial swelling,but not cristae fracture.In the model group,SOD level in aorta and plasma decreased(P＜0.05)while MDA level increased(P＜0.05).MgCit intervention could increase SOD in aorta and plasma,but decrease MDA level(P＜0.05).In the CRF environment,the DHE content of VSMCs and apoptosis in CRF model group increased(P＜0.05).MgCit intervention could decrease DHE content and inhibit apoptosis(P＜0.05).Conclusion MgCit inhibits oxidative stress levels in vivo and in vitro in CRF.

Objective:To explore the correlations among contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)enhancement,time to peak and resolution time,and pathological grading and alpha fetoprotein(AFP)in diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),so as to provide scientific basis for the CEUS application.Methods:A total of 350 HCC patients who admitted to Kailuan General Hospital of Tangshan City,Hebei Province from June 2018 to February 2020 were selected.All patients underwent routine CEUS scanning and AFP detection that was performed by using Roche e411 electrochemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer.Using World Health Organization(WHO)Category Classification and Diagnostic Criteria Series to complete grading for liver cancer.The COX regression analysis was adopted to analyze the correlation between CEUS characteristic parameters and age,AFP,tumor grading,tumor size and gender.Results:The diameter of liver nodules of 304 HCC patients ranged from 9.0 to 146.2 mm,which maximum average diameter was 42.5 mm.The COX analysis indicated that serum AFP level was important influencing factor on CEUS examination results at arterial phase(HR=1.83,P<0.05).The blood supply artery within the tumor appeared positive correlation with serum AFP level,and the tumor size appeared positive correlation with the CEUS enhancement at arterial phase(r=0.231,0.483,P<0.05),and the correlation between CEUS enhancement at arterial phase and tumor size was strongest.Conclusion:The serum AFP level is correlated with the measured results of CEUS enhancement at arterial phase,time to peak and resolution time,which expression level is often influenced by some factors such as serum AFP and tumor size.It can provide reference for subsequent diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:In order to explore the impact of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)on the hospitalization of children with bronchiolitis and to improve clinicians′ understanding of the characteristics of bronchiolitis during the COVID-19 epidemic.Methods:This was a multicenter clinical study, and the data have been collected from 23 children′s medical centers in China.All the clinical data were retrospectively collected from children with bronchiolitis who were hospitalized at each study center from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021.The results included gender, age at hospitalization, length of stay, respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) test results, severity rating, ICU treatment, and the total number of children hospitalized with respiratory tract infection during the same period.The clinical data of children with bronchiolitis in 2019 before COVID-19 epidemic and in 2020、2021 during COVID-19 epidemic were statistically analyzed and compared.Results:According to a summary of data provided by 23 children′s medical centers, there were 4 909 cases of bronchiolitis in 2019, 2 654 cases in 2020, and 3 500 cases in 2021.Compared with 2019, the number of bronchiolitis cases decreased by 45.94% in 2020 and 28.70% in 2021.In 2019, 2020 and 2021, there were no significant differences in gender ratio, age, and duration of hospitalization.Compared with 2019, the ratio of bronchiolitis to the total number of hospitalizations for respiratory tract infection decreased significantly in 2020 and 2021( χ2=12.762, P<0.05; χ2=84.845, P<0.05).The proportion of moderate to severe bronchiolitis cases in both 2020 and 2021 was lower than that in 2019, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2=4.054, P<0.05; χ2=8.109, P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of bronchiolitis cases requiring ICU treatment between 2019, 2020, and 2021 ( χ2=1.914, P>0.05).In 2019, a total of 52.60%(2 582/4 909) of children with bronchiolitis underwent RSV pathogen testing, and among them, there were 708 cases with RSV positive, accounting for 28.00%.In 2020, 54.14%(1 437/2 654) of children with bronchiolitis underwent RSV pathogen testing, and there were 403 cases with RSV positive, accounting for 28.04%.In 2021, 66.80%(2 238/3 500) of children with bronchiolitis underwent RSV pathogen testing, and there were 935 cases with RSV positive, accounting for 41.78%.Compared with 2019 and 2020, the RSV positive rate in 2021 showed a significant increase( χ2=99.673, P<0.05; χ2=71.292, P<0.05). Conclusion:During the COVID-19 epidemic, the implementation of epidemic prevention and control measures reduced the hospitalization rate and severity of bronchiolitis, but did not reduce the positive rate of RSV detection.

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of dead HIV/AIDS cases within 1 year after confirmatory testing in Jingzhou City, Hubei Province from 1996 to 2021, so as to provide the evidence for facilitating early identification and treatment of AIDS. Methods: The basic and follow-up data of HIV/AIDS cases were retrieved from the HIV/AIDS Comprehensive Response Information System of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and mortality density and its trend were evaluated within 1 year after confirmatory testing. The factors affecting death within 1 year after confirmatory testing were identified using a Cox proportional hazards model, and the demographics, detection, treatment and cause of death were analyzed among dead HIV/AIDS cases within 1 year after confirmatory testing. Results: A total of 3 304 HIV/AIDS cases were included, with 508 deaths within 1 year after confirmatory testing. The overall mortality density was 17.43 per 100 person-years, and the mortality density appeared a tendency towards a reduction from 1996 to 2021 (χ2trend=21.053, P<0.001). Of all dead HIV/AIDS cases within 1 year after confirmatory testing, 77.76% were men, 67.72% at ages of 45 years and older, 83.86% with transmission by heterosexual contact, 83.66% identified in medical institutions, 62.20% without antiretroviral therapy, and 47.83% without detection of CD4+T cell count. Mortality that was not associated with AIDS was the predominant cause of death among dead HIV/AIDS cases within 1 year after confirmatory testing (58.86%). Age of 30 years and older (HR: 1.781-4.644, 95%CI: 1.073-7.784), identification in medical institutions (HR=2.130, 95%CI: 1.306-4.474), initial CD4+T cell count of <200 cells/μL (HR: 2.649-12.879, 95%CI: 1.669-19.189), no antiretroviral therapy (HR=7.945, 95%CI: 5.743-10.993) and initiation of antiretroviral therapy 4 to 12 months after confirmatory testing (HR=1.636, 95%CI: 1.005-2.662) resulted in a higher risk of mortality within 1 year after confirmatory testing. Conclusions The mortality density appeared a tendency towards a reduction among cases within 1 year after confirmatory testing in Jingzhou City from 1996 to 2021. Mortality within 1 year after confirmatory testing was associated with advanced age, heterosexual contact transmission, identification in medical institutions, low CD4+T cell counts, and delay or absence of antiretroviral therapy.

【Objective】 To explore the correlation of the intake of different nutrients with the levels of serum lipids and uric acid. 【Methods】 Based on the data of China Health and Nutrition Survey （CHNS2009）， a total of 1 343 individuals were finally included by ID matching with demographic data， serological tests and dietary nutrition results. We compared serum lipids and uric acid levels between groups of different nutrients intake （group Q1-Q4） and conducted the correlation analysis. 【Results】 The total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TG）， and low-density lipoprotein （LDL-C） in the men were significantly higher than those in the women， while high-density lipoprotein （HDL-C） was significantly lower in the men. The average intakes of daily energy， carbohydrate， fat and protein were significantly higher in the males than in the females. Intergroup comparisons and correlation analyses showed that total energy and protein intakes were positively correlated with TG （r=0.070 9，P=0.008 4；r=0.051 7，P=0.012 3）， while fat intake was positively correlated with TC （r=0.086 1，P=0.001 4）. The blood uric acid level was positively correlated with the intake of fat and protein （r=0.127 3，P<0.001；r=0.138 0，P<0.001）. The results of subgroup analysis of the males were consistent with those of the whole population. However， there was a significantly negative correlation between carbohydrate intake and blood uric acid level in the females （r=-0.107 9，P＝0.002 2）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that TC， TG and uric acid were correlated with gender， age and intake of different nutrients. 【Conclusion】 The levels of blood uric acid and lipids are significantly higher in men than in women. Different types of dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia are related to different nutrient intakes in different genders and ages.

【Objective】 To explore the potential mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza and its active monomers in patients with coronary heart disease （CHD） complicated with depression or anxiety disorder based on network pharmacology. 【Methods】 We collected the clinical data of 147 patients with CHD admitted to our hospital from March to April 2021 and investigated biochemical examination， drug treatment and the use of Chinese herbal compound. The downstream targets of active monomers of Salvia miltiorrhiza were screened based on TCMSP， PubChem and SwissTargetPrediction databases， and depression or anxiety-related genes were mining in OMIM， GeneCards and TTD databases. Protein-protein interaction network and GO and KEGG gene enrichment analyses were performed by matching Chinese herbal compound with disease targets. Chinese herbal compound-target-disease network was built by Cytoscape. 【Results】 Shuxuening （44.9%）， Salviae miltiorrhiza （27.9%）， and Sofren injection （21.8%） were the most commonly used Chinese herbal or injections in the clinical treatment of CHD， and there was no difference in the frequency of use between genders. Network pharmacology showed that the active components of Salvia miltiorrhiza might act on neuroactive ligand-receptor binding， 5-hydroxytryptamine synapses and dopaminergic synapses and participate in the regulation of neurotransmitter transport， dopamine and catecholamine metabolism and stress response. Target-disease network analysis showed that many active components of Salvia miltiorrhiza interacted with catechol-O-methyltransferase， monoamine oxidase， 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor and opioid receptor， which may be the potential targets of Salvia miltiorrhiza in improving depression and anxiety. 【Conclusion】 Salvia miltiorrhiza is involved in the regulation of neurotransmitters and synaptic activities， thus making it a potential drug for the clinical treatment of CHD complicated with depression and anxiety disorder.

【Objective】 To explore the correlation between serum trace elements and systolic and diastolic blood pressure in healthy population and patients with hypertension. 【Methods】 The health examination data of the subjects from our hospital from September 2018 to May 2021 were selected. They consisted of 3430 healthy people with no history of chronic diseases and 216 patients with hypertension previously diagnosed. We measured the levels of serum zinc， iron， calcium， magnesium， lead， copper and cadmium and analyzed their correlation with systolic blood pressure （SBP） and diastolic blood pressure （DBP）. 【Results】 The incidence of low zinc （9.5%） and hypomagnesemia （1.8%） was relatively low， while hypomagnesemia （27.8%） was relatively common in the healthy population. Logistic regression analysis showed that age， BMI and serum albumin were associated with increased SBP and DBP. Fasting blood glucose （OR=1.095， 95% CI： 1.007-1.191） and blood lead （OR=1.006， 95% CI： 1.000-1.012） were risk factors for SBP. Serum total cholesterol （OR=1.244， 95% CI： 1.095-1.412）， serum iron （OR=1.275， 95% CI： 1.114-1.460） and blood lead （OR=1.010， 95% CI： 1.004-1.015） were risk factors， while serum magnesium （OR=0.488， 95% CI： 0.266-0.894） acted as a protective factor for DBP. After adjusting for age， gender， BMI， waist-hip ratio， and smoking history， there was no significant difference in serum trace element levels between the hypertension and healthy control groups. 【Conclusion】 SBP is correlated with serum lead， while DBP is positively correlated with serum iron and lead， but negatively correlated with serum magnesium in normal healthy population. There was no significant difference in serum trace element content between hypertensive patients and healthy control group， but the conclusion still needs to be further verified.

【Objective】 To investigate the inhibitory effect of magnesium citrate （MgCit） on hyperphosphorus-induced VSMCs calcification and its mechanisms. 【Methods】 VSMCs were divided into the following groups： normal control group， high-phosphorus group， low-dose MgCit group， high-dose MgCit group and high-dose MgCit+NPS2143 （calcium-sensitive receptor inhibitor） group. Alizarin red staining was used for semi-quantitative analysis of VSMCs calcification and the calcium content in VSMCs was detected by the commercial kit. The osteogenic transdifferentiation parameters including alkaline phosphatase （ALP） activity， as well as mRNA and protein levels of smooth muscle 22α （SM22α）， runt-related transcription factor 2 （RUNX2） and bone morphogenetic protein 2 （BMP2）， were detected in each group. 【Results】 Compared with those in the control group， the calcium content of VSMCs in the model group was increased， ALP activity， and the mRNA and protein expressions of RUNX2 and BMP2 were increased， and the mRNA expression of SM22α was decreased （P<0.05）. MgCit could reduce VSMCs calcification， decrease ALP activity， decrease mRNA and protein levels of RUNX2 and BMP2， and increase mRNA levels of SM22α induced by high-phosphorous （P<0.05）. The above effects of MgCit were reduced when NPS2143 was administered simultaneously （P<0.05）. 【Conclusion】 MgCit can reduce VSMCs calcification and osteogenic transdifferentiation induced by high phosphorus through activating of CaSR.