Objective: To analyze the independent and interaction effects of daytime outdoor light exposure and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) duration on sleep quality of primary school students, so as to provide scientific evidence for interventions on children s sleep health. Methods: From April to June 2024, a total of 444 students from grades 3 and 4 in 2 primary schools in Jiading District, Shanghai were selected using stratified random cluster sampling method for continuous 7 day monitoring. Wearable devices "Clouclip" were used to monitor daytime outdoor activity time (represented by time with light intensity ≥ 1 000 lx ), and accelerometers were used to monitor MVPA time and sleep quality related indicators. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the associations of daytime outdoor activity and MVPA with sleep quality. Results: Both daytime outdoor light exposure and MVPA duration(longer actual sleep duration per night,longer time in bed,fewer awakening and shorter post sleep awakening shic) were independently associated with multiple sleep indicators( β =0.52, 0.46, -0.83, -2.19, all P <0.05), with no significant interaction between the associations ( P >0.05). After controlling for MVPA, more daytime outdoor light exposure was significantly and independently associated with longer actual sleep time ( β =0.50, 95% CI =0.21-0.79, P <0.05). After controlling for light exposure, longer MVPA duration was independently associated with shorter post-sleep awakening duration ( β=-4.15, 95% CI = -6.33 to -1.96, P <0.05). Conclusion Increased daytime outdoor activity and MVPA are both associated with better sleep quality in primary school students.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of Gandouling decoction combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation （NMES） in the treatment of dysphagia in Wilson disease （WD） with combined phlegm and stasis. MethodsA total of 80 WD patients with dysphagia due to combined phlegm and stasis treated in the Department of Encephalopathy， the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine were randomized into a control group and an observation group， with 40 patients in each group. In addition， 40 healthy volunteers were recruited as the normal group. The control group was treated with basic copper drainage combined with NMES. The observation group was treated with Gandouling Decoction on the basis of the therapy in the control group. Each course of treatment lasted for 8 days， and the patients were treated for a total of 4 courses. All subjects underwent video fluoroscopic swallowing study （VFSS） before and after treatment. During the examination， contrast agents with 4 different characters were used for the swallowing action， and the passing time was recorded. The TCM syndrome score， water swallow test score， standard swallowing assessment （SSA） score， and 24-h urinary copper level before and after treatment were analyzed. ResultsWhen performing VFSS， the passing time of contrast agents of different characters in the oral stage was longer in the WD group than in the normal group （P<0.01）， while it had no significant difference in the pharyngeal stage. After treatment， the passing time in the oral stage shortened in the control and observation groups （P<0.01）， and the observation group outperformed the control group （P<0.01）. After treatment， both the control and observation groups showed declines in TCM syndrome score and SSA score （P<0.01） and an increase in water swallow test score （P<0.01）， and the changes were more obvious in the observation group than in the control group （P<0.01）. In addition， the treatment in the control and observation groups elevated the 24-h urinary copper level （P<0.01）， and the elevation in the observation group was more obvious than that in the control group （P<0.01）. Neither group showed obvious adverse reaction. ConclusionGandouling decoction combined with NMES can significantly ameliorate dysphagia in WD patients with the syndrome of combined phlegm and stasis regarding the TCM syndrome score， water swallow test score， and SSA score， demonstrating definite clinical efficacy and high safety.

OBJECTIVE To systematically investigate the changes of volatile components in Euphorbia wallichii after milk and wine processing， and preliminarily elucidate the material basis for reducing toxicity. METHODS Using headspace gas chromatography-mass spectrometry technology， the volatile components in raw E. wallichii， milk-processed E. wallichii， and wine- processed E. wallichii were isolated and identified， and the relative percentage content of each component was calculated by the peak area normalization method. Combining chemometric methods such as principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least- squares discriminant analysis， changes in volatile components in samples after milk and wine processing were compared. Differential components were screened. RESULTS A total of 66 volatile components were identified from the three samples， with the types of compounds primarily comprising alkanes， olefins， heterocycles and esters， among others. A total of 39， 24 and 36 volatile components were identified from raw E. wallichii， milk-processed E. wallichii， and wine-processed E. wallichii， respectively， with 10 components common to all three preparations. Compared with raw E. wallichii， the relative percentage of other components in milk-processed E. wallichii decreased， except for alkanes and esters. The relative percentage of alkanes， olefins， aldehydes and esters in wine-processed E. wallichii increased， but the contents of heterocyclic compounds， ketones， ethers and alcohols decreased. The results of chemometric analysis showed that the volatile components of raw and processed products were significantly different. A total of 5 kinds of differential components in milk-processed products and 3 kinds of differential components in wine-processed products were screened out. Among them， the relative percentage of potential toxic components such as linalool， octanal and 3-pentanone decreased significantly after processing（P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Milk and wine processing may exert a toxicity-reducing effect by reducing the contents of toxic components such as linalool， octanal and 3-pentanonein E. wallichii.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of circular RNA_0009910(circ_0009910)on the proliferation and apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cells.Methods A549 cells were randomly divided into groups and transfected as follows:si-NC group,si-circ_0009910 group,miR-NC group,miR-34a-5p group,si-circ_0009910+anti-miR-NC group,and si-circ_0009910+anti-miR-34a-5p group.After successful transfec-tion,cell proliferation was measured using the CCK-8 assay.Dual-luciferase reporter assays were used to vali-date the target gene of circ_0009910.Apoptosis of A549 cells was analyzed by flow cytometry.Protein expres-sion levels of B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2),transmembrane receptor protein 1(Notch1),cell proliferation-asso-ciated nuclear antigen(Ki-67),Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax),and cysteine aspartic acid protease-3(Caspase-3)were detected by Western blot.Cells from each group were subcutaneously injected into the abdo-mens of male nude mice to establish xenograft models.Tumor volume,tumor weight,and protein expression in tumor tissues were measured.Results Compared with the si-NC group,the si-circ_0009910 group showed significantly reduced A549 cell proliferation,increased apoptosis,decreased expression of Ki-67,Notch1,and Bcl-2,and increased expression of Bax and Caspase-3(P＜0.05).Compared with the miR-NC group,the miR-34a-5p group exhibited significantly reduced luciferase activity after transfection with wild-type circ_0009910(P＜0.05).The si-circ_0009910 group showed upregulated miR-34a-5p expression compared to the si-NC group.The miR-34a-5p group demonstrated weaker proliferation,higher apoptosis,downregulated Bcl-2,Notch1,and Ki-67,and upregulated Bax and Caspase-3 compared to the miR-NC group(P＜0.05).Compared with the si-circ_0009910+anti-miR-NC group,the si-circ_0009910+anti-miR-34a-5p group exhibited en-hanced proliferation,reduced apoptosis,upregulated Bcl-2,Notch1,and Ki-67,and downregulated Bax and Caspase-3(P＜0.05).In vivo,the si-circ_0009910 and miR-34a-5p groups showed smaller tumor volumes and weights,downregulated Notch1,Ki-67,and Bcl-2,and upregulated Bax and Caspase-3 in tumor tissues com-pared to their respective control groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion Low expression of circ_0009910 inhibits A549 cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis,potentially via the miR-34a-5p/Notch1 signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical phenotypic and genetic characteristics of three children with Paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) and Self-limited familial infantile epilepsy (SeLIE) caused by PRRT2 gene mutation. METHODS: Three children with PKD and SeLIE caused by PRRT2 gene mutation (children 1-3) who were treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from November 2022 to August 2023 were selected as the research subjects. A retrospective study was conducted to collect the clinical and family history data of the three children. 2 mL of peripheral venous blood from children 1-3 and parents of children 1-2 were collected (parents of children refused to undergo genetic testing and no blood samples were collected), genomic DNA was extracted, whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed, and Sanger sequencing method was used for verification. According to the Classification Standards and Guidelines for Genetic Variants formulated by the American Society of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) (hereinafter referred to as the "ACMG Guidelines"), the pathogenicity of the variant loci detected in three children was rated, and the detrimental loci of the variant loci were analyzed by multiple bioinformatics software. This study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Ethics No. 2024-KY-0881-002). RESULTS: The clinical data and genetic test results of the three children in this study are as follows. Child 1: female, age of onset of 4 months and 10 days, with seizures, manifested as sudden cessation of movements, staring in both eyes, cyanosis of the lips, paleness, and stiffness and shaking of limbs. The results of genetic testing showed that child 1 had maternal PRRT2 gene c.583_584dup (p.P196Afs*34) frameshift variant, which was rated as a pathogenic variant (PVS1 PM2_Supporting PP4) according to ACMG guidelines. According to the clinical manifestations and genetic test results of child 1, he was diagnosed with SeLIE and took oral sodium valproate [0.5 mL/(kg.d)], and was still taking medication at the follow-up of 2 years old, and did not have seizures again after 5 months of age. Child 2: male, age of onset of 10 years old, manifested as dystonia after sudden movement. The results of genetic testing showed that child 2 had PRRT2 gene mutations: paternal c.649dupC (p.R217Pfs*8) frameshift variant and maternal c.445C>A (p.Q149K) mutation. Among them, c.649dupC was a reported pathogenic variant, and according to ACMG guidelines, c.445C>A variant was rated as a variant of unknown clinical significance (PM2_Supporting), with a high probability of benignness. According to the clinical manifestations and genetic test results of the child 2, he was diagnosed with PKD, and was followed up with oral oxcarbazepine 9 mg/(kg.d) until 12 years and 2 months, and was still on the drug, and there was no recurrence of the seizure of the form of dyskinesia after taking the drug. Child 3: male, age of onset of 11 years old, manifested by dystonia after sudden exercise. The results of genetic testing showed that child 3 had a missense variant of PRRT2 gene c.904G>C (p.D302H), and his parents refused genetic testing, and the source of the mutation was unknown, and the variant was rated as a variant of unknown clinical significance (PM2_Supporting+PP3_Moderate+PP4) according to ACMG guidelines. According to the clinical manifestations and genetic test results of child 3, he was diagnosed with PKD, and was treated with oral oxcarbazepine 10 mg/(kg.d) for 1 year and then discontinued on his own, and was followed up at the age of 17, and there was no recurrence of the seizure of the form of movement disorder after taking the drug. CONCLUSION One case of SeLIE and two cases of PKD caused by PRRT2 gene mutations responded well to anti-seizure drugs. In this study, four variant loci of PRRT2 gene were found: c.583_584dup, c.904G>C, c.649dupC, c.445C>A, among which c.583_584dup were new variants, enriching the variant spectrum of PRRT2 gene.
Humans ; Male ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/genetics* ; Female ; Membrane Proteins/genetics* ; Mutation ; Child, Preschool ; Infant ; Phenotype ; Dystonia/genetics* ; Retrospective Studies ; Child

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical characteristics and genetic etiology of a child with Christianson syndrome (CS). METHODS: A 1-year-and-5-month-old boy with CS diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in April 2021 was selected as the study subject. Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from the child and his parents, followed by genomic DNA extraction and whole exome sequencing (WES). Candidate variant was validated by Sanger sequencing. This study has been approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Ethics No. 2024-KY-1103-001). RESULTS: The child has manifested with seizures, microcephaly, and global developmental delay. WES revealed that he has harbored a novel de novo hemizygous nonsense variant of the SLC9A6 gene, namely c.1014G>A (p.W338*). Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), the variant was rated as pathogenic. CONCLUSION The hemizygous c.1014G>A nonsense variant of the SLC9A6 gene probably underlay the pathogenesis in this child. Above discovery has expanded mutational spectrum of the SLC9A6 gene and enabled definite diagnosis of the child.
Humans ; Male ; Infant ; Microcephaly/genetics* ; Spasms, Infantile/genetics* ; Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers/genetics* ; Exome Sequencing ; Intellectual Disability/genetics* ; Genetic Diseases, X-Linked/genetics* ; Mutation ; Seizures/genetics* ; Ataxia ; Epilepsy ; Ocular Motility Disorders

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of extract of ginkgo biloba (EGB) on mitochondrial autophagy in breast cancer cells MCF-7.Methods:Breast cancer MCF-7 cells were divided into four groups. EGB with mass concentrations of 40, 80, 120 mg/L was used to incubate breast cancer MCF-7 cells for 24 h or 48 h, as a low concentration group of EGB, a medium concentration group of EGB, and a high concentration group of EGB. Breast cancer MCF-7 cells without intervention were taken as control group. Cell proliferation was measured using MTT assay; Flow cytometry was used to detect cell apoptosis; Immunofluorescence assay was used to determine the contents of prostacyclin (P62), microtubule-associated protein light chain 3Ⅱ (LC3Ⅱ), and caspase-3; The levels of multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), multidrug resistance gene 1 (MDR1) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) were identified by PCR; Western blotting was used to detect the expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), p-ERK, and p-MAPK proteins in cells.Results:The results of MTT assay for cell proliferation showed that cell proliferation at 24 h in control group, EGB low, medium and high concentration groups were 0.95±0.14, 0.65±0.09, 0.51±0.07, 0.37±0.04, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=43.13, P<0.001), cell proliferation at 48 h were 1.32±0.19, 0.54±0.08, 0.32±0.05, 0.15±0.02, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=141.30, P<0.001). Compared with 24 h, cell proliferation was decreased in EGB low, medium and high concentration groups at 48 h (all P<0.05). Pairwise comparison showed that EGB treatment significantly decreased MCF-7 cell viability and cell proliferation was decreased in turn at 24 and 48 h in control group, low, medium, high EGB groups (all P<0.05). Flow cytometry analysis revealed that the apoptosis rates of MCF-7 cells in control group, EGB low, medium and high concentration groups were 2.12%±0.23%, 9.28%±0.45%, 15.17%±1.28% and 22.21%±2.32%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=128.80, P<0.001). Pairwise comparison showed that the apoptosis rate of control group, EGB low, medium and high concentration groups were increased in turn (all P<0.05). The results of immunofluorescence assay showed that the protein relative expression levels of P62 protein in MCF-7 cells of control group, EGB low, medium and high concentration groups were 3.34±0.52, 2.85±0.47, 2.02±0.18 and 1.08±0.21, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=41.55, P<0.001). LC3Ⅱ protein relative expression levels were 0.24±0.05, 1.02±0.14, 1.47±0.26, 1.95±0.21, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=94.82, P<0.001). The relative expression levels of caspase-3 protein were 0.25±0.03, 0.68±0.21, 1.12±0.17 and 1.65±0.23, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=68.09, P<0.001). Pairwise comparison showed that LC3Ⅱ and caspase-3 protein expression levels were increased in turn in control group, EGB low, medium and high concentration groups, while P62 protein expression levels were decreased in turn (all P<0.05). The PCR experiment results showed that the MRP1 mRNA level of MCF-7 cells in control group, EGB low, medium and high concentration groups were 1.06±0.14, 0.83±0.18, 0.71±0.11, 0.52±0.08, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=17.41, P<0.001). The mRNA levels of MDR1 were 1.14±0.17, 0.75±0.13, 0.60±0.09, 0.48±0.06, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=34.40, P<0.001). BCRP mRNA levels were 1.09±0.11, 0.88±0.13, 0.69±0.07, 0.57±0.05, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=34.13, P<0.001). Pairwise comparison showed that the levels of MRP1, MDR1 and BCRP mRNA were decreased in turn in control group, EGB low, medium and high concentration groups (all P<0.05). The results of Western blotting showed that the expression of ERK in MCF-7 cells in control group, EGB low, medium and high concentration groups were 2.54±0.38, 1.89±0.25, 1.55±0.21, 1.12±0.16, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=31.18, P<0.001). MAPK expression were 2.47±0.34, 1.96±0.29, 1.63±0.27, 1.20±0.24, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=20.90, P<0.001). p-ERK expression were 2.03±0.29, 1.74±0.21, 1.45±0.11, 1.18±0.24, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=16.31, P<0.001). p-MAPK expression were 2.26±0.47, 1.90±0.41, 1.61±0.33, 1.35±0.16, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( F=7.01, P=0.002). Pairwise comparison showed that the expressions of ERK, MAPK, p-ERK and p-MAPK in control group, EGB low, medium and high concentration groups were decreased in turn (all P<0.05) . Conclusion:EGB can inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer MCF-7 cells, promote the apoptosis of MCF-7 cells, decrease the expression of P62 protein, increase the expression of LC3Ⅱ and caspase-3 protein, induce mitochondrial autophagy.

Objective To establish a personalized Stanford type B aortic dissection numerical simulation model, and using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation to obtain the hemodynamic behavior and law of the type B aortic dissection at different stages of development. Methods Based on the theory of three-dimensional model reconstruction, we used CT images of a patient with type B aortic dissection in the Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, relevant medical image processing software to reconstruct a personalized aortic three-dimensional model, and CFD to reconstruct the model which was simulated in fluid mechanics. Results The three-dimensional reconstruction model could intuitively observe the changing trend of the false cavity at different stages of the dissection development. Through fluid mechanics simulation, the blood flow rate, pressure, wall shear stress, vascular wall Von Mises stress and other parameters at different stages of the dissection development were obtained. Conclusion The hemodynamic behavior and law of relevant parameters in the development stage of aortic dissection are analyzed. The combination of the values of relevant parameters and clinical medical detection and diagnosis can well predict the development of the disease, and finally provide more theories and methods for the scientific diagnosis of aortic dissection.

The seco-prezizaane-type sesquiterpenes (SPS), as a special class of sesquiterpenes with a highly oxidative five-ring cage structure and seven consecutive chiral centers, are isolated from the genus Illicium, which have a variety of biological activities, including neurotoxicity and neurotrophic effects, etc. This review summarizes the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of SPS, and discusses the potential trend and scope of future research.

Objective To examine the reliability and validity of the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised(SBQ-R)among Chinese undergraduates and to find out cut-off score for screening the risk of suicide in clinical undergraduates.Methods A total of 488 Chinese undergraduates participated in this study.Of them,366 participants were asked to complete the Chinese version of SBQ-R,Psychache Scale,and Satisfaction with Life Scale.And 45 undergraduates were re-tested after four weeks;122 undergraduates were tested by using the Suicidality Module Section of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview and the Chinese version of SBQ-R.Results ① The results showed that The Chinese version of SBQ-R had one factor with good fit indices.② The internal consistency reliability,split-half reliability,and one-month retest reliability of the total questionnaire were 0.76,0.79,and 0.93,respectively.③ The total score of the SBQ-R in Chinese was positively correlated with psychache but negatively correlated with satisfaction of life,indicating that the scale has good criterion-related validity.④ Receiver operating characteristics(ROC)curve evaluation suggested that the cut-off score was 9 in terms of identifying the clinical undergraduates at high risk of suicide.Conclusion SBQ-R is a reliable,valid,and practical instrument to measure the risk of suicide among Chinese undergraduates.SBQ-R＞9 is the best cut-off value for screening for high suicide risk in China.