Objective To investigate the association between butyrate metabolism-related genes(BMRGs)and the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD),construct a prognostic model,and evaluate its predictive value.Methods Differentially expressed BMRGs(BMR-DEGs)were screened from the TCGA-LUAD dataset.Cox and LASSO regression analyses were employed to establish a risk scoring model,stratifying patients into low-and high-risk groups.The model's performance was assessed using Kaplan-Meier(K-M)and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves,with external validation conducted using the GSE68465 dataset.In vitro experiments included RT-PCR and Western blotting to measure insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1(IGFBP1)expression.IGFBP1 was knocked down using siRNA,and its effects on cell proliferation,migration,and invasion were evaluated via CCK-8,colony formation,Transwell,and wound healing assays.Gene Set Enrichment Analysis(GSEA)was performed to explore IGFBP1-related regulatory mechanisms.Results We identified a total of 51 BMR-DEGs,primarily involved in biological processes such as cell proliferation,migration,and invasion,and associated with the PI3K-Akt and MAPK signaling pathways.The constructed 5-gene risk scoring model demonstrated that high-risk patients had significantly worse overall survival(OS)than low-risk patients(P＜0.05).IGFBP1 was highly expressed in LUAD tissues and correlated with poor prognosis.Knockdown of IGFBP1 significantly suppressed cancer cell proliferation,migration,and invasion(P＜0.05).GSEA revealed that IGFBP1 was linked to lipid metabolism-related pathways.Conclusion BMRGs are associated with LUAD prognosis,and the established risk scoring model exhibits strong predictive performance.High IGFBP1 expression correlates with unfavorable outcomes,and its knockdown inhibits cancer cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.

The number of patients with chronic diseases in China has been increasing year by year,followed by the increase of treatment burden.It is particularly important to effectively evaluate the treatment burden of patients with chronic diseases.This paper reviews the main contents,application scope,advantages and disadvantages of the assessment tools for the treatment burden of patients with chronic diseases at home and abroad,so as to provide references and basis for medical staff to reasonably select assessment tools and conduct relevant clinical research.

Objective To examine the serological and molecular prevalence as well as genotype characteristics of human Parvovirus B19 blood donors in Lanzhou,and to provide evidence for developing a screening strategy to reduce the risk of blood transfusion transmission.Methods A total of 5 722 blood samples collected from Lanzhou blood donors from April 2023 to October 2023 were tested for B19 DNA using real-time quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR).Additionally,383 samples were screened for anti-B19 IgG and anti-B19 IgM using synchronous enzyme-linked immunoassay(ELISA).Viral load and VP1 sequencing were conducted on the B19 DNA-positive samples and the Neighbor-Joining(N-J)method was used to construct an evolutionary tree for the sequenced samples.Results The prevalence of human Parvovirus B19 DNA,IgG antibody and IgM antibody was 0.47%(27/5 722),25.59%(98/383)and 0.26%(1/383),respectively,and the samples positive for B19 DNA,IgG antibody and IgM antibody were 0.26%(1/383).The co-positivity rate for B19 DNA and IgG antibody was 6.27%(24/383),while the positivity rates for B19 DNA or IgG antibody alone were 0.52%(2/383)and 19.06%(73/383),respectively.Viral loads ranged from 4.24 IU/ml to 5.67×102 IU/ml,all below 104 IU/ml.There was no statistical significance in the positive rate of B19 DNA in gender(χ2=0.86,P=0.35),but there was statistical significance in the positive rate of B19 DNA among all age groups(χ2=8.00,P=0.02).The highest positive rate of B19 DNA was 0.65%in the 18～30 age group.There was statistical significance in the positive rate of B19 IgG antibody in gender(χ2=5.03,P=0.02),but there was no statistical significance in the positive rate of B19 IgG antibody among all age groups(χ2=0.51,P=0.77).The highest positive rate of B19 IgG antibody was 29.09%in the age group of 41 to 60.There was no significant difference in the positive rate of B19 IgM antibody in gender(χ2=2.84,P=0.09).The highest positive rate of B19 IgM was 3.85%in the age group of 18～30 years old.Based on the VP1 sequence,the phylogenetic tree revealed that B19 strains in Lanzhou formed a distinct cladistic lineage within genotype 1,predominantly represented by genotype 1b.Conclusion The prevalence of B19 DNA and IgM antibodies among blood donors in the Lanzhou area is low,and so is the viral load.Therefore the risk of transmitting B19 through blood transfusion is relatively small.Since the prevalence of B19 IgG antibody is high,it is suggested to closely monitor the transmission situation in the area,regularly monitor the prevalence of B19 among blood donors,and track the situation of B19 DNA-positive blood donors to recipients to ensure the safety of clinical blood transfusion.

BACKGROUND:Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease characterized by cartilage degeneration and abnormal bone remodeling of subchondral bone.In recent years,many studies have shown that stromal cell diffracting factor-1 plays a key role in the pathological progression of osteoarthritis.Targeted regulation of stromal cell-derived factor-1 and its CXC chemokine receptor 4 and CXC chemokine receptor 7 signaling pathways is a new method for prevention and treatment of osteoarthritis.OBJECTIVE:To review the role of stromal derived factor-1 in regulating the proliferation,differentiation,and apoptosis of chondrocytes,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,osteoblasts,and osteoclasts,as well as explore the mechanism by which the interaction of these cells leads to cartilage degeneration and abnormal bone remodeling of subchondral bone and accelerates the pathological progression of osteoarthritis,in order to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of osteoarthritis.METHODS:CNKI,WanFang Data,and VIP,were searched with Chinese search terms"stromal cell-derived factor 1,cartilage,chondrocytes,subchondral bone,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,osteoblasts,osteoclasts,CXC chemokine receptor 4,CXC chemokine receptor 7."PubMed,Medline,and Embase databases were searched with English search terms"stromal cell-derived factor 1,SDF-1,CXCL12,cartilage,chondrocyte,subchondral bone,mesenchymal stem cells,osteoblasts,osteoclasts,CXCR4,CXCR7."Literature retrieval time was from inception to January 2024.A total of 77 articles were included and summarized in accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Stromal cell-derived factor-1 regulates the migration,proliferation,differentiation,and death of chondrocytes,bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,osteoblasts,and osteoclasts,which plays an important role in maintaining cartilage and subchondral bone homeostasis,promoting or inhibiting cartilage degeneration and abnormal bone remodeling in osteoarthritis.Targeted regulation of stromal cell-derived factor-1/CXC chemokine receptor type 4/CXC chemokine receptor type 7 signaling pathway is expected to become the focus of future research on the prevention and treatment of osteoarthritis.(2)Because of the difference in the expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1 subtypes in tissues,stromal cell-derived factor-1 α is the most widely studied at present.The related studies of stromal cell-derived factor-1β and stromal cell-derived factor-1y are mainly focused on exploring the effects on the biological behavior of stem cells,the role in the regulation of cartilage and subchondral bone homeostasis,and the correlation with osteoarthritis.(3)Stromal cell-derived factor-1 can effectively promote stem cells homing to cartilage injury sites,and induce their proliferation,survival,and cartilage differentiation.The application of stromal cell-derived factor-1-loaded biological scaffolds to improve the quality of cartilage repair has become the focus of cartilage tissue engineering research.However,previous studies have shown that stromal cell-derived factor-1 can promote the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into hypertrophic chondrocytes,while the hypertrophic phenotype of newborn chondrocytes can lead to endochondral bone formation and chondrocyte apoptosis.The whole tissue is vascularized and ossified,which affects the quality of cartilage repair.In addition,when different scaffolds combined with stromal cell-derived factor-1 can repair partial cartilage injury and full-thickness cartilage injury,the regenerated tissue is not all ideal hyaline cartilage tissue.Therefore,in the future,in-depth exploration of the potential mechanism of stromal cell-derived factor-1 in stem cell biological effects and the best combination of stromal cell-derived factor-1 and scaffold in repairing different cartilage defects will help to improve the quality of cartilage repair.(4)The studies on CXC chemokine receptor 4 antagonists are mainly focused on AMD3100,T140 and TN14003,and most of them are in the basic experimental stage and need to be transformed into clinical practice.The safety and effectiveness of the therapeutic drugs developed for stromal cell-derived factor-1/CXC chemokine receptor 4/CXC chemokine receptor 7 signaling pathway still need a large number of biological and clinical trials to support.

The treatment process of multiple fertilization failure and salvage fertilization in a male infertile patient was retrospectively analyzed. The patient underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in another hospital for 3 cycles, all of which had fertilization abnormalities. The complex heterozygous mutation of PLCZ1 gene was detected by infertility gene paneland confirmed by Sanger sequencing in the Reproductive Medicine Center of Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, and the gene mutation was derived from both parents. No abnormal mutations were found in the woman's genetic testing. The woman underwent progestin-primed ovarian stimulation, resulting in the retrieval of 9 oocytes. ICSI combined with 10 μmol/L ionomycin assisted oocyte activation (AOA) was applied to all mature eggs,resulting in 7 normal fertilized oocytes and 7 cleavage embryos, 2 high-quality cleavage embryos were frozen. Two months later, the woman underwent frozen-thawed embryo transfer to obtain biochemical pregnancy. Simultaneously, we reviewed the literature on PLCZ1 gene mutations and AOA related literature at home and abroad. From this case we can draw the following conclusions: 1) When no fertilization or polyspermia occurs in an IVF cycle and total fertilization fails in ICSI, genetic testing of both spouses is required to find genetic factors. 2) The mutation of PLCZ1 gene mainly leads to fertilization failure. ICSI combined with AOA is an effective method to rescue fertilization failure. Ionomycin has a significant effect on oocyte activation, and has no effect on embryo formation. However, we still need to accumulate case data to verify the safety of ionomycin AOA.

BACKGROUND:Cognitive impairment is the most common complication after stroke,and its severity is closely related to the patient's prognosis.The prognosis of patients can be significantly improved if the severity of their cognitive impairment is recognized and targeted early.OBJECTIVE:To initially explore potential biomarkers affecting the progression of post-stroke cognitive impairment,thereby providing a richer and unique reference for the study of their pathophysiological mechanisms.METHODS:Using ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,non-targeted metabolomics analysis was conducted on serum samples from patients with mild and moderate post-stroke cognitive impairment to identify differential metabolites between the two groups.To further validate the diagnostic efficacy of the differential metabolites,the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate their accuracy and sensitivity in distinguishing disease severity.In addition,pathway analysis was conducted on the differential metabolites.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)There were significant differences in metabolic profiles between patients with mild and moderate post-stroke cognitive impairment,and 9 differential metabolites were screened by the receiver operating characteristic curve.(2)Differential metabolite pathway analysis revealed that the metabolic pathways affecting disease progression in patients with mild-to-moderate post-stroke cognitive impairment included tryptophan metabolism,D-amino acid metabolism,biotin metabolism,retinol metabolism,aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis,lysine degradation,protein digestion and uptake,pyrimidine metabolism,cysteine and methionine metabolism,ABC transporter proteins,amino acid biosynthesis,and 2-oxocarboxylic acid metabolism.To conclude,9 potential biomarkers affecting disease progression in patients with mild-to-moderate post-stroke cognitive impairment have been identified,involving 12 metabolic pathways including tryptophan metabolism,D-amino acid metabolism and retinol metabolism.

Objective To investigate the association between butyrate metabolism-related genes(BMRGs)and the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD),construct a prognostic model,and evaluate its predictive value.Methods Differentially expressed BMRGs(BMR-DEGs)were screened from the TCGA-LUAD dataset.Cox and LASSO regression analyses were employed to establish a risk scoring model,stratifying patients into low-and high-risk groups.The model's performance was assessed using Kaplan-Meier(K-M)and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves,with external validation conducted using the GSE68465 dataset.In vitro experiments included RT-PCR and Western blotting to measure insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1(IGFBP1)expression.IGFBP1 was knocked down using siRNA,and its effects on cell proliferation,migration,and invasion were evaluated via CCK-8,colony formation,Transwell,and wound healing assays.Gene Set Enrichment Analysis(GSEA)was performed to explore IGFBP1-related regulatory mechanisms.Results We identified a total of 51 BMR-DEGs,primarily involved in biological processes such as cell proliferation,migration,and invasion,and associated with the PI3K-Akt and MAPK signaling pathways.The constructed 5-gene risk scoring model demonstrated that high-risk patients had significantly worse overall survival(OS)than low-risk patients(P＜0.05).IGFBP1 was highly expressed in LUAD tissues and correlated with poor prognosis.Knockdown of IGFBP1 significantly suppressed cancer cell proliferation,migration,and invasion(P＜0.05).GSEA revealed that IGFBP1 was linked to lipid metabolism-related pathways.Conclusion BMRGs are associated with LUAD prognosis,and the established risk scoring model exhibits strong predictive performance.High IGFBP1 expression correlates with unfavorable outcomes,and its knockdown inhibits cancer cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.

Indwelling urinary catheterization is one of the most widely used invasive procedures in clinical practice, playing a critical role in disease diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. In 2024, the European Association of Urology Nurses (EAUN) released the Best Practice Guidelines for Indwelling Urinary Catheterization in Adults-Transurethral and Suprapubic Catheterization (hereinafter referred to as the Guideline), aiming to provide evidence-based clinical guidance and health education information for healthcare professionals. This article interprets the section on "Nursing Principles" within the Guideline, which spans the entire process of catheter management. Key aspects covered include pre-insertion preparation, catheter insertion procedure, catheter maintenance and securement, observation of urine color, prevention of constipation, and catheter removal. The aim is to help urology nurses and related healthcare personnel gain an in-depth understanding of the recommendations in the Guideline, promote its standardized application in clinical practice, improve the quality of indwelling catheter care, and ensure patient safety.

AIM:To observe the effects of Huangqi-Danggui mixture(HQDG)on the pyroptosis of brain tis-sues in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion(MCAO/R),and to explore the mechanism of neuroprotec-tion provided by HQDG.METHODS:Sixty-four SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:sham group,model group,HQDG group,and Xuesaitong(XST)group.The infarct volume of brain tissues was observed by 2,3,5-triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride staining,while hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the pathological changes of brain tis-sues.Immunofluorescence was employed to assess the expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like recep-tor protein 3(NLRP3),cleaved caspase-1 and gasdermin D(GSDMD)in the ischemic penumbra of brain tissues.The se-rum levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and IL-18 were measured using ELISA.Western blot was used to detect NLRP3,cleaved caspase-1,apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain(ASC),IL-1β and IL-18 in brain tissues.RESULTS:Compared with sham group,the neurological deficit scores of the rats in model group were significantly increased(P<0.01),while those in HQDG and XST groups were significantly reduced compared with model group(P<0.01).The cerebral infarct volume ratio was significantly reduced in HQDG and XST groups compared with model group(P<0.01).The pathological damage of brain tissue in HQDG and XST groups was significantly reduced compared with model group.The positive rates of NLRP3,cleaved caspase-1 and GSDMD in the ischemic penumbra of brain tissues were significantly decreased in HQDG group compared with model group(P<0.01).The expression of pyrop-tosis-related proteins,NLRP3,cleaved caspase-1 and ASC,in the ischemic penumbra of brain tissues was significantly el-evated in model group compared with sham group(P<0.01),and significantly decreased in HQDG group compared with model group(P<0.01).The serum levels of IL-1β and IL-18 were significantly increased in model group compared with sham group(P<0.01),and significantly reduced in HQDG group compared with model group(P<0.01).CONCLU-SION:The HQDG effectively attenuates brain tissue injury in rats with MCAO/R,and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of neural cell pyroptosis.

Objective To explore the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome characteristics of patients with Chikungunya hemorrhagic fever and to provide empirical data to support the application of TCM in diagnosing and treating Chikungunya hemorrhagic fever.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect clinical data(sex,age,days since onset,and comorbidity underlying disease conditions)and TCM with four-examination information(symptoms,tongue manifestations,and pulse manifestations)from 255 patients with Chikungunya hemorrhagic fever who visited Lecong Hospital of Shunde,Foshan,the Third People's Hospital of Shunde District of Foshan,Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University Affiliated Chencun Hospital between July 23 and July 29,2025.Factor and cluster analyses were used to summarize TCM syndrome characteristics and analyze core pathogenesis in conjunction with clinical features.Results Among the 255 patients with Chikungunya hemorrhagic fever,131 were male and 124 were female,with a age of(49.05±17.93)years and a disease duration of(3.26±1.78)days.Among the four types of examination information in TCM,35 items exhibited a frequency exceeding 10%.The most prevalent symptoms were arthralgia(180 patients,70.59%),exanthem(153 patients,60.00%),fatigue(99 patients,38.82%),anhidrosis(98 patients,38.43%),pruritus(96 patients,37.65%),and fever(92 patients,36.08%).Tongue and pulse manifestations were primarily white fur(155 patients,60.78%),pink tongue(111 patients,43.53%),slippery pulse(143 patients,56.08%),and greasy fur(134 patients,52.53%).Patients with disease onset≤3 d had a higher incidence of arthralgia,fatigue,fever,aversion to cold,generalized muscle pain,aversion to wind,insomnia,headache,sweating,low-grade fever,poor appetite,loose stool,hyperhidrosis,and red tongue than those with disease onset≥4 d(P<0.05).Patients with disease onset≥4 d had a higher incidence of pink tongue and thick fur than those with disease onset≤3 d(P<0.05).The syndrome elements in patients with Chikungunya hemorrhagic fever predominantly manifested on the defensive exterior,with involvement of the sinew-bone joints,skin-muscle,and spleen.Pathogenic factors were primarily characterized by external winds,dampness,and heat.Factor and cluster analysis result indicated three TCM pathogenesis progression patterns:imbalance of the defensive exterior with wind-dampness conflict and heat transformation;dampness-heat flowing into muscles and meridians causing joint obstruction and qi blood stasis;and dampness-heat congelation resulting in qi mechanism obstruction,consumption of body fluids,and infiltration of the skin.Conclusion Patients with Chikungunya hemorrhagic fever primarily present with fever,joint pain,and rashes.In TCM,this condition falls under the category of"dampness-warmth"syndrome.Its etiology is attributed to pathogens,with transmission occurring through mosquito bites.The core pathogenesis of TCM is the invasion of the defensive exterior and dampness-toxic heat accumulation.The therapeutic principles focus on clearing heat pathogens,resolving dampness pathogens,dispersing wind pathogens,and promoting the resolution of rashes.