Lung cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. With the prevalence of CT screening and early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer in China, more and more patients with early-stage lung cancer characterized with ground-glass opacity are discovered and urgently require treatment, which poses a significant challenge to surgeons. As an emerging technology, three dimensional reconstruction technology plays a crucial auxiliary role in clinical work. This review aims to briefly introduce this technology, focusing on its latest advances in surgical applications in early lung cancer screening, malignant risk assessment, and perioperative period application and medical education.

The activation proteins released by fibroblasts in the tumor microenvironment regulate tumor growth, migration, and treatment response, thereby influencing tumor progression and therapeutic outcomes. Owing to the proliferation and metastasis of tumors, fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is typically highly expressed in the tumor stroma, whereas it is nearly absent in adult normal tissues and benign lesions, making it an attractive target for precision medicine. Radiolabeled agents targeting FAP have the potential for targeted cancer diagnosis and therapy. This comprehensive review aims to describe the evolution of FAPI-based radiopharmaceuticals and their structural optimization. Within its scope, this review summarizes the advances in the use of radiolabeled small molecule inhibitors for tumor imaging and therapy as well as the modification strategies for FAPIs, combined with insights from structure-activity relationships and clinical studies, providing a valuable perspective for radiopharmaceutical clinical development and application.

Depression (Dep) is one of the most common concomitant symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), but there is a lack of detailed pathologic evidence for the occurrence of PD-Dep. Currently, the management of symptoms from both conditions using conventional pharmacological interventions remains a formidable task. In this study, we found impaired activation of extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK), reduced levels of transcription and translation, and decreased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of PD-Dep rats. We demonstrated that the abnormal phosphorylation of α-synuclein (pS129) induced tropomyosin-related kinase receptor type B (TrkB) retention at the neuronal cell membrane, leading to BDNF/TrkB signaling dysfunction. We chose SEW2871 as an ameliorator to upregulate ERK phosphorylation. The results showed that PD-Dep rats exhibited improvement in behavioral manifestations of PD and depression. In addition, a reduction in pS129 was accompanied by a restoration of the function of the BDNF/ERK signaling loop in the mPFC of PD-Dep rats.
Animals ; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/metabolism* ; alpha-Synuclein/metabolism* ; Male ; Prefrontal Cortex/drug effects* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Depression/metabolism* ; MAP Kinase Signaling System/drug effects* ; Rats ; Parkinson Disease/metabolism* ; Receptor, trkB/metabolism* ; Phosphorylation ; Disease Models, Animal ; Signal Transduction

Mutations in ion channel genes have long been implicated in a spectrum of epilepsy syndromes. However, therapeutic decision-making is relatively complex for epilepsies associated with channelopathy. Therefore, in the present study, we used a patient-derived organoid model with a novel SCN2A mutation (p.E512K) to investigate the potential of utilizing such a model as a platform for preclinical testing of anti-seizure compounds. The electrophysiological properties of the variant Nav1.2 exhibited gain-of-function effects with increased current amplitude and premature activation. Immunofluorescence staining of patient-derived cortical organoids (COs) displayed normal neurodevelopment. Multielectrode array (MEA) recordings of patient-derived COs showed hyperexcitability with increased spiking and remarkable network bursts. Moreover, the application of patient-derived COs for preclinical drug testing using the MEA showed that they exhibit differential responses to various anti-seizure drugs and respond well to carbamazepine. Our results demonstrate that the individualized organoids have the potential to serve as a platform for preclinical pharmacological assessment.
Organoids/physiology* ; NAV1.2 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel/genetics* ; Humans ; Anticonvulsants/pharmacology* ; Epilepsy/drug therapy* ; Mutation ; Cerebral Cortex/drug effects* ; Action Potentials/drug effects* ; Carbamazepine/pharmacology*

OBJECTIVE: To explore the current status, evolution, hot topics, and future research trends in the field of burn-related sepsis research through a visual analysis of literature. METHODS: A bibliometric method was employed to retrieve articles related to burn-related sepsis from January 1, 1994, to May 16, 2024, in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and the Web of Science database. The CiteSpace 6.3.R1 software was used to analyze the retrieved literature. The number of publications, authors, countries, and institutions in both Chinese and English literature was statistically analyzed. Co-occurrence analysis, clustering analysis, and co-citation analysis of keywords were performed. RESULTS: A total of 1 090 articles from the CNKI database and 1 143 articles from the Web of Science database were retrieved. Over the past 20 years, the volume of Chinese publications has remained stable, although there has been a slight decline in the past two years. In contrast, the number of English publications, after a period of growth, showed a sharp decline over the past three years. In Chinese literature, 1 457 authors published articles on burn-related sepsis as first authors, with 14 core authors publishing four or more articles. In English literature, 98 authors published articles on burn-related sepsis as first authors. Research on burn-related sepsis was conducted by 76 countries, with the United States having the most collaborations and publications. Globally, 1 349 institutions published articles on burn-related sepsis, with the top institutions being the First Affiliated Hospital of the PLA General Hospital (8 articles) for Chinese literature and the University of Texas Medical Branch (57 articles) for English literature. In the co-occurrence analysis, 208 Chinese keywords and 211 English keywords were included. Excluding keywords related to search terms, the top five most frequent keywords in Chinese literature were burn, sepsis, infection, severe burn, and procalcitonin; the top five most frequent keywords in English literature were sepsis, septic shock, mortality, injury, and burn injury. Chinese keyword analysis identified six clusters, with the largest being sepsis, followed by procalcitonin, infection, and severe burn. English keyword analysis identified seven clusters, with the largest being expression, followed by epidemiology, inhalation injury, and acute kidney injury. The persistent clusters in Chinese literature were procalcitonin, with recent emerging nodes being severe burn, inflammatory response, platelets, and predictive value. In English literature, the persistent clusters were inhalation injury and nitric oxide, with recent emerging nodes being continuous renal replacement therapy, hemorrhagic shock, and early enteral nutrition. The longest-lasting emergent keyword in Chinese literature was delayed resuscitation (2003-2010), with the highest emergent strength being severe burn. In English literature, the longest-lasting emergent keywords, each lasting five years, were nitric oxide (2007-2012), management (2019-2024), and impact (2019-2024), with the highest emergent strength being thermal injury. CONCLUSIONS Research on burn-related sepsis has shifted from focusing on early studies on pathogenesis and mortality to focus on prevention, treatment, and early diagnosis. Future research is expected to focus on early diagnosis and risk factors of burn-related sepsis.
Burns/complications* ; Sepsis/etiology* ; Humans ; Bibliometrics ; China

Platelet lipid rafts are dynamic nanodomains enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids within the plasma membrane. As pivotal hubs for signal transduction, membrane trafficking, and intercellular interactions, they have garnered significant attention in recent years for their roles in regulating platelet function and related disease mechanisms. This article reviews the structural characteristics and molecular composition of platelet lipid rafts, as well as their central roles in signal transduction and cytoskeletal reorganization. It particularly focuses on the functional abnormalities and pathological contributions of lipid rafts in diseases such as atherosclerosis, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, and ANCA-associated vasculitis. Research indicates that lipid rafts coordinate platelet activation, inflammatory responses, and immunomodulatory processes by integrating receptor clustering, enrichment of signaling proteins, and regulation of metabolites. Finally, the article discusses the future prospects of lipid raft-targeted nanotherapeutic strategies and addresses challenges in translational research, providing a theoretical foundation and novel perspectives for understanding platelet biology and intervening in thrombo-inflammatory diseases.

Bone Transplantation/adverse effects* ; Transplantation, Autologous/adverse effects*

Bladder cancer （BCa） is the most common malignant tumor of the urinary system， and its incidence is increasing year by year. At present， for all patients with resectable non-metastatic muscle-invasive BCa， radical cystectomy + bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection is strongly recommended， but they still face the risk of recurrence， metastasis and death. In recent years， the proportion of patients with advanced and metastatic BCa is increasing among patients with newly diagnosed BCa. Although current treatment models are diverse， they often struggle to achieve significant efficacy due to their low effectiveness and adverse effects， resulting in low survival rates for patients with advanced and metastatic BCa. Therefore， the treatment of BCa still faces great challenges， and there is an urgent need to discover an effective new antitumor drug. With the improvement of medical standards， traditional Chinese medicine has shown great advantages in the treatment of BCa. Traditional Chinese medicine is mild and easy to accept， and can inhibit tumor progression through a multi-pathway， multi-way and multi-target manner， so as to exert its anticancer effect. Taraxaci Herba is a medicinal and food homologous plant， which has many biological activities， such as antibacterial， anti-inflammatory， anti-oxidation， anti-tumor， protecting liver and gallbladder， reducing blood sugar and enhancing immunity， and it has shown a clear anticancer effect in breast cancer， liver cancer， gastric cancer， tongue cancer and lung cancer. By reviewing previous studies worldwide， this article summarizes the mechanism of Taraxaci Herba extract in inducing autophagy and apoptosis， inhibiting cell migration and invasion， regulating cell cycle and proliferation， regulating cell metabolism， inhibiting tumor angiogenesis， combining the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs， and regulating the transduction of related signal pathways. On this basis， this study systematically elaborates on the potential mechanism of Taraxaci Herba against BCa， in order to provide a theoretical basis for the research and treatment of BCa.

Plant bioreactor is a new production platform for expression of recombinant protein, which is one of the cores of molecular farming. In this study, the anti DYKDDDDK (FLAG) antibody was recombinantly expressed in tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) and purified. FLAG antibody with high affinity was obtained after immunizing mice for several times and its sequence was determined. Based on this, virus vectors expressing heavy chain (HC) and light chain (LC) inoculated into Nicotiana benthamiana leaves by using Agrobacterium-mediated delivery. Accumulation of the HC and LC was analyzed by SDS/PAGE followed by Western blotting probed with specific antibodies from 2 to 9 days postinfiltration (dpi). Accumulation of the FLAG antibody displayed at 3 dpi, and reached a maximum at 5 dpi. It was estimated that 66 mg of antibody per kilogram of fresh leaves could be obtained. After separation and purification, the antibody was concentrated to 1 mg/mL. The 1:10 000 diluted antibody can probe with 1 ng/mL FLAG fused antigen well, indicating the high affinity of the FLAG antibody produced in plants. In conclusion, the plant bioreactor is able to produce high affinity FLAG antibodies, with the characteristics of simplicity, low cost and highly added value, which contains enormous potential for the rapid and abundant biosynthesis of antibodies.
Animals ; Mice ; Antibodies ; Nicotiana/genetics* ; Agrobacterium/genetics* ; Bioreactors ; Blotting, Western

Objective:To explore the effect of goal directed training(GDT)on motor function of children with severe ce-rebral palsy and to provide evidence for clinical application. Method:A prospective case-control study was conducted with 80 children with severe cerebral palsy,random-ly divided into the study group(n=40)and the control group(n=40).The study group received GDT,while the control group received Neurodevelopment therapy(NDT).The children of the two groups were evaluated by supine and prone position(area A)and sitting position(area B)of 88 items of the gross motor function measure(GMFM-88),visual tracking(area A)and upper limb joint activity(area B)of fine motor function measure(FMFM),level of sitting scale(LSS)and activity daily living scale(ADL)before and at 6-month,12-month after the treatment. Result:After 6 months of treatment,there was no significant difference in GMFM-88 area A and B score,LSS score,FMFM area A and B score and ADL score between the study group and the control group(P＞0.05),whereas after 12 months of treatment,the scores of the research group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P＜0.05).As treatment duration increased,the scores of both groups increased.Group classification,time and the interaction between time and group had significant effects on GMFM-A,GMFM-B,LSS and FMFM-B scores.Time and interaction between time and group had significant effects on FMFM-A and ADL scores. Conclusion:GDT can improve gross motor function,sitting ability,fine motor function,and the activities of daily living in children with severe cerebral palsy.