Three soil conditioners were prepared from granulated food waste and decomposed cattle manure combined with desulfurization gypsum, coal gangue, and maifanite, respectively. Field trials were conducted in the saline field growing Cabernet Sauvignon. The effects of soil conditioners on rhizospheric bacterial communities were studied, with the aim of providing a scientific basis for soil amelioration and restoration. Five treatments were designed, including the control (T1), conventional fertilization (T2), reduced chemical fertilization+organic matter-based soil conditioner with calcium additives (T3), reduced chemical fertilization+organic matter-based soil conditioner with silica additives (T4), and reduced chemical fertilization+organic matter-based soil conditioner with magnesium additives (T5), each with three replications. The results indicated that soil conditioners improved the rhizospheric nutrients, yield, and quality of grape (P<0.05), increased relative abundance of Proteobacteria by 17.32%-23.37%, decreased relative abundance of unidentified_Bacteria and Acidobacteriota by 4.22%-28.42% and 20.88%-35.81%, respectively. The bacterial community composition and diversity were different between treatments. Function analysis showed that the expression levels of the genes involved in chromosome and protein synthesis, mRNA biosynthesis, and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism were up-regulated in the treatments with soil conditioners. The correlation analysis revealed that multiple environmental factors affected the alpha diversity of rhizospheric bacterial communities, and some bacterial taxa were closely related to the grape yield and quality. It is concluded that soil conditioners can effectively alter rhizosphere nutrient levels and bacterial community structures and functions. T5 treatment outperforms other treatments in improving the physico-chemical and biological characteristics of rhizosphere, and the yield, and quality of grape. It has potential for application, and provides an important basis for development of new-type soil conditioners.
Soil Microbiology ; Rhizosphere ; Soil/chemistry* ; Vitis/microbiology* ; Fertilizers ; Bacteria/growth & development* ; Cattle ; Manure ; Animals

Objective To explore the correlations of spatial distribution frequency map of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome(PRES)and cerebral microvascular density map,cerebral blood flow(CBF)map,standard template of cerebral metabolic imaging and the spatial gene transcription map of human brain based on normative analysis strategy,and to analyze the pathophysiological mechanisms of PRES.Methods Cerebral MRI data of 184 patients with PRES were retrospectively analyzed.ROI of the lesions were delineated on T1WI,then registered to Montreal Neurological Institute(MNI)standard space.The spatial distribution frequency map of PRES lesions were obtained with superposition.Spatial correlation analysis were performed to observe correlations of spatial distribution frequency map of PRES and the cerebral microvascular density map,CBF map and standard template of cerebral metabolic imaging based on large sample.The potential related gene expressions were decoded based on gene expression data of Allen human brain atlas,and the correlations of spatial parts of PRES and those expressions were observed.Results No significant correlation was found between spatial distribution frequency map of PRES and cerebral microvascular density,CBF nor distribution of neurotransmitters(all P＞0.05).PLS1 weighted genes,VEGF-A gene,AQP-4 gene and RGS2 gene were all correlated with spatial distribution of PRES(r=-0.363-0.653,all P＜0.05),among which KCNAB3 gene had the highest weight(Z=17.288).Conclusion The spatial patterns of PRES risk or protective genes in brain regions were correlated with regional distribution of PRES lesions,which was consistent with arginine vasopressin(AVP)theory of the occurrence and development of PRES.

Objective To explore the correlations of spatial distribution frequency map of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome(PRES)and cerebral microvascular density map,cerebral blood flow(CBF)map,standard template of cerebral metabolic imaging and the spatial gene transcription map of human brain based on normative analysis strategy,and to analyze the pathophysiological mechanisms of PRES.Methods Cerebral MRI data of 184 patients with PRES were retrospectively analyzed.ROI of the lesions were delineated on T1WI,then registered to Montreal Neurological Institute(MNI)standard space.The spatial distribution frequency map of PRES lesions were obtained with superposition.Spatial correlation analysis were performed to observe correlations of spatial distribution frequency map of PRES and the cerebral microvascular density map,CBF map and standard template of cerebral metabolic imaging based on large sample.The potential related gene expressions were decoded based on gene expression data of Allen human brain atlas,and the correlations of spatial parts of PRES and those expressions were observed.Results No significant correlation was found between spatial distribution frequency map of PRES and cerebral microvascular density,CBF nor distribution of neurotransmitters(all P＞0.05).PLS1 weighted genes,VEGF-A gene,AQP-4 gene and RGS2 gene were all correlated with spatial distribution of PRES(r=-0.363-0.653,all P＜0.05),among which KCNAB3 gene had the highest weight(Z=17.288).Conclusion The spatial patterns of PRES risk or protective genes in brain regions were correlated with regional distribution of PRES lesions,which was consistent with arginine vasopressin(AVP)theory of the occurrence and development of PRES.

Objective To construct a risk prediction model for ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP)in trauma patients and evaluate its efficacy.Methods A single-center retrospective study was conducted,trauma patients admitted to the department of emergency intensive care unit(EICU)of Hebei Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine from January 1,2018 to January 1,2023 were selected as the study subjects,and the patients were divided into VAP group and non-VAP group.Differences between the two groups in variables including demographic characteristics,clinical data,and clinical scores.To prevent overfitting,differences between the groups were reduced using LASSO regression.Multifactor Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for VAP in trauma patients and construct a risk prediction model.The model's discrimination was evaluated using the receiver operator characteristic curve(ROC curve)and area under the curve(AUC).The calibration curve was drawn and Hosmer-Lemeshow test were performed to evaluate the calibration degree of the model.Decision curve analysis(DCA)and clinical impact curve(CIC)were used to analyse the model's net benefit at different probability thresholds.Results A total of 888 trauma patients were included,among which 166 cases(18.7%)were diagnosed with VAP.Compared to the non-VAP group,the VAP group showed a significant increase in age,age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index(aCCI)scores,white blood cell count(WBC),sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)scores,length of ICU stay,and the proportion of patients with chest trauma,traumatic brain injury,and spinal cord injury.In contrast,hemoglobin(Hb),Glasgow coma scale(GCS)scores,and body mass index(BMI)were significantly lower in the VAP group(all P<0.05).Using LASSO regression,four variables were identified as important predictors for the occurrence of VAP in trauma patients:length of ICU stay,aCCI,WBC,and SOFA score.Multivariate Logistic regression showed that length of ICU stay[odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(95%CI)was 1.094(1.070-1.117)],aCCI[OR(95%CI)was 1.135(1.065-1.210)],WBC[OR(95%CI)was 1.139(1.104-1.176)],and SOFA score[OR(95%CI)was 1.137(1.080-1.197)]were independent risk factors for the occurrence of VAP in trauma patients(all P<0.05).Based on these influencing factors,a predictive model for VAP occurrence was constructed.ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC for predicting VAP occurrence in trauma patients was 0.876,with a 95%CI was 0.850-0.903,a sensitivity of 86.14%,and a specificity of 75.17%,indicating that the model has a high discriminative ability.Hosmer-Lemeshow test:χ2=7.7,P=0.2,Cox&Snell R2=0.236,Nagelkerke R2=0.387,the calibration curve was very close to the diagonal,and the mean absolute error(MAE)=0.03,indicating the model's predictions were highly consistent with actual clinical observations.The DCA and CIC curves indicate that within the threshold probability of<70%,using this model to identify high-risk groups for VAP in trauma patients and making clinical decisions can provide benefits in clinical practice.Conclusion The risk prediction model of VAP in trauma patients constructed in this study has high discrimination and calibration,which can provide reference for medical personnel to identify high-risk groups of VAP among trauma patients at an early stage and provide targeted intervention measures.

Objective:To explore potential biomarkers that can predict the clinical efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in malig-nancies.Methods:The PubMed,Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang and VIP databases were searched from the establishment of the database to September 20,2022.After literature screening,data extraction and the risk of bias were evaluated independently by two evaluators,the Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan5.4 and STATA16.0 software.Results:This paper included 18 studies with a total of 4 018 patients.Tumor patients with a high tumor mutational burden(TMB)were found to have higher overall survival(OS)(P=0.003,P=0.01)and progression-free survival(PFS)(P=0.000 2,P=0.04)with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors within 1 year and 2 years of follow-up.At different follow-up times,with 1%as the critical value,there was no statistical significance in the level of PD-L1 ex-pression as a biomarker for predicting OS and PFS of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors(P>0.05).Conclusion:TMB can be used as a biological indicator to predict the clinical efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in patients with malignant tumors within 2 years after treatment,but whether its efficacy can last longer remains to be further studied.PD-L1 single test is not currently a biomarker for predicting the bene-fit of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

Objective To explore the expression and clinical significance of lysine oxidase (Lox) in primary lesion of esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) and bone metastasis lesion based on bioinformatics. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) databases were used to screen for differentially expressed genes between ESCA and normal esophageal tissues. Follow-up information of patients with surgery for esophageal cancer in the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2016 to December 2020 were screened, and the clinical materials of patients diagnosed as bone metastasis during the follow-up period were collected. Western blot was used to verify the expression of Lox in ESCA and normal esophageal tissues; immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of Lox in human ESCA tissue and normal tissue; the impact of Lox expression on survival was explored by Kaplan-Meier curve and Cox regression. Results Through the analysis of ESCA data in GEPIA and TCGA databases, it was found that the expression of Lox in ESCA lesions was significantly higher than that in normal tissues (P<0.05); the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses found that Lox may be involved in the information conduction of various signaling pathways; the Western blot result showed that the expression of Lox in cancer tissue was higher than that in adjacent normal tissue (P<0.05); the analysis of follow-up data found that patients with high expression of Lox were more likely to have multiple bone metastases; survival analysis revealed that patients with high Lox expression had significantly shorter bone metastasis free survival and overall survival compared to patients with low Lox expression (P<0.05); Cox regression found that Lox was an independent risk factor for prognosis of patients with esophageal cancer bone metastasis. Conclusion Lox is highly expressed in ESCA and significantly related to clinical prognosis, which can be used as an effective target for the diagnosis and treatment of ESCA.

Objective To construct a risk prediction model for ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP)in trauma patients and evaluate its efficacy.Methods A single-center retrospective study was conducted,trauma patients admitted to the department of emergency intensive care unit(EICU)of Hebei Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine from January 1,2018 to January 1,2023 were selected as the study subjects,and the patients were divided into VAP group and non-VAP group.Differences between the two groups in variables including demographic characteristics,clinical data,and clinical scores.To prevent overfitting,differences between the groups were reduced using LASSO regression.Multifactor Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for VAP in trauma patients and construct a risk prediction model.The model's discrimination was evaluated using the receiver operator characteristic curve(ROC curve)and area under the curve(AUC).The calibration curve was drawn and Hosmer-Lemeshow test were performed to evaluate the calibration degree of the model.Decision curve analysis(DCA)and clinical impact curve(CIC)were used to analyse the model's net benefit at different probability thresholds.Results A total of 888 trauma patients were included,among which 166 cases(18.7%)were diagnosed with VAP.Compared to the non-VAP group,the VAP group showed a significant increase in age,age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index(aCCI)scores,white blood cell count(WBC),sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)scores,length of ICU stay,and the proportion of patients with chest trauma,traumatic brain injury,and spinal cord injury.In contrast,hemoglobin(Hb),Glasgow coma scale(GCS)scores,and body mass index(BMI)were significantly lower in the VAP group(all P<0.05).Using LASSO regression,four variables were identified as important predictors for the occurrence of VAP in trauma patients:length of ICU stay,aCCI,WBC,and SOFA score.Multivariate Logistic regression showed that length of ICU stay[odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(95%CI)was 1.094(1.070-1.117)],aCCI[OR(95%CI)was 1.135(1.065-1.210)],WBC[OR(95%CI)was 1.139(1.104-1.176)],and SOFA score[OR(95%CI)was 1.137(1.080-1.197)]were independent risk factors for the occurrence of VAP in trauma patients(all P<0.05).Based on these influencing factors,a predictive model for VAP occurrence was constructed.ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC for predicting VAP occurrence in trauma patients was 0.876,with a 95%CI was 0.850-0.903,a sensitivity of 86.14%,and a specificity of 75.17%,indicating that the model has a high discriminative ability.Hosmer-Lemeshow test:χ2=7.7,P=0.2,Cox&Snell R2=0.236,Nagelkerke R2=0.387,the calibration curve was very close to the diagonal,and the mean absolute error(MAE)=0.03,indicating the model's predictions were highly consistent with actual clinical observations.The DCA and CIC curves indicate that within the threshold probability of<70%,using this model to identify high-risk groups for VAP in trauma patients and making clinical decisions can provide benefits in clinical practice.Conclusion The risk prediction model of VAP in trauma patients constructed in this study has high discrimination and calibration,which can provide reference for medical personnel to identify high-risk groups of VAP among trauma patients at an early stage and provide targeted intervention measures.

Various c-mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (c-MET) inhibitors are effective in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer; however, the inevitable drug resistance remains a challenge, limiting their clinical efficacy. Therefore, novel strategies targeting c-MET are urgently required. Herein, through rational structure optimization, we obtained novel exceptionally potent and orally active c-MET proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) namely D10 and D15 based on thalidomide and tepotinib. D10 and D15 inhibited cell growth with low nanomolar IC₅₀ values and achieved picomolar DC₅₀ values and >99% of maximum degradation (D_max) in EBC-1 and Hs746T cells. Mechanistically, D10 and D15 dramatically induced cell apoptosis, G1 cell cycle arrest and inhibited cell migration and invasion. Notably, intraperitoneal administration of D10 and D15 significantly inhibited tumor growth in the EBC-1 xenograft model and oral administration of D15 induced approximately complete tumor suppression in the Hs746T xenograft model with well-tolerated dose-schedules. Furthermore, D10 and D15 exerted significant anti-tumor effect in cells with c-MET^Y1230H and c-MET^D1228N mutations, which are resistant to tepotinib in clinic. These findings demonstrated that D10 and D15 could serve as candidates for the treatment of tumors with MET alterations.

Objective To prepare 4-sulfonylcalix[6]arene-modified cotton fibers for adsorption and removal of uranium based on the specific complexation of calix[6]arene with uranium (VI). Methods Chemical grafting was used for the modification of cotton, which reacted with α-bromoisobutyryl bromide, glycidyl methacrylate, and 4-sulfonylcalix[6]arene. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the structure of 4-sulfonylcalix[6]arene-modified cotton (Cotton S-C[6]a). A Franz diffusion cell was used to simulate uranium-contaminated skin. Laser fluorimetry was used to determine the uranium content. Results SEM, XPS, and FTIR showed that cotton fibers were successfully grafted with 4-sulfonylcalix[6]arene. The optimal conditions of Cotton S-C[6]a for the adsorption of uranium (VI) was pH 4.0, duration of 20 min, and 20 mg of adsorbent. The adsorption process fitted well with pseudo-secondary-order kinetics. The uranium removal efficiency of Cotton S-C[6]a was up to 78.46% in aqueous solution and 81.72% on skin. Conclusion The synthesized Cotton S-C[6]a is highly efficient in the removal of uranium (VI) in solution and on contaminated skin.

Objective:To investigate the effect of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (E-PTFE) combined with autologous costal cartilage in rhinoplasty.Methods:Forty-two patients who underwent rhinoplasty in the form of E-PTFE combined with autologous costal cartilage in the Department of Plastic Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine from January 2017 to December 2018 were selected as the research object. The polytetrafluoroethylene combined with autologous costal cartilage was used for rhinoplasty. The dorsal nasal skin was dissected through an inverted " V" type combined with subalar cartilage incision, and then the costal cartilage was cut into appropriate cartilage slices to build the nasal tip stent. According to the degree of elevation of the nasal dorsum, the sculpted E-PTFE was placed under the nasal dorsal fascia. The rectus abdominis fascia covered the apex of the nose, and the incision was closed by suture.Results:The nasal appearance of the forty-two patients was significantly improved, with good nasal shape and no serious complications. After 6-12 months of follow-up, 40 cases were satisfacted with the effect of the rhinoplasty, accounting for 95.2%.Conclusions:The use of polytetrafluoroethylene combined with autologous costal cartilage can effectively raise the dorsum of the nose, extend the length of the nose, project the nasal tip in the rhinoplasty. This procedure is accurate and safe, reach a favorable long-term shape and own high satisfaction, and it thus is worthy of popularization in clinic.