AIM:To investigate the reparative effect of extracellular vesicles(EVs)derived from H9 human embryonic stem cells(H9-hESCs)on endometrial injury.METHODS:EVs were isolated from the culture supernatant of H9-hESCs and characterized.A mouse model of endometrial injury was established,with bilateral uterine divisions into an EVs experimental group and a PBS control group.EVs and PBS were injected respectively.Histological changes in the endometrium were assessed using HE staining,and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)expression was analyzed via immunohistochemistry.The impact of EVs on the proliferation of human endometrial stromal cells(hEndoSCs)was eva-luated using EdU staining and Western blot.RESULTS:H9-hESCs-EVs exhibited a membrane-structured nanobody with a particle size of(144.7±2.1)nm and expressed characteristic proteins CD63 and TSG101.Compared to the PBS control group,the EVs group showed increased endometrial tissue morphology,thickness,and gland numbers.The average opti-cal density of PCNA expression significantly increased in the EVs group compared to the PBS group(P<0.05).Results from EdU staining and Western blot demonstrated that H9-hESCs-EVs promoted hEndoSC proliferation,with a positive correlation observed between H9-hESCs-EVs and EVs protein concentration(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:H9-hESCs-EVs enhance the repair of endometrial injury by stimulating the proliferation of endometrial stromal cells.

Moyamoya disease(MMD)is a bilateral stenosis occlusional disease that selectively affects the superior segment of clinoid of the internal carotid artery with secondary abnormal vascular network formation at the base of the skull.Intracranial and extracranial vascular reconstruction is the main treatment of moyamoya disease.However,moyamoya disease revasectomy still faces many challenges,with high requirements of surgical techniques and high risk of complications.In this paper,the perioperative management of cerebrovascular reconstruction in moyamoya disease was discussed in terms of surgical indications,surgical timing,patient management,surgical methods of cerebrovascular reconstruction and postoperative complications,so as to provide reference for improving the prognosis of patients.

Objective To investigate the application value of pre-implantation genetic testing(PGT)in patients with Turner syndrome.Methods The clinical data,embryonic development,PGT results and pregnancy outcome of 18 patients with Turner syndrome who underwent PGT in the reproductive center of 900th Hospital from January 2016 to June 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Results All 18 patients had spontaneous puberty development,of which 4 patients had primary ovarian insufficiency(POI).A total of 24 oocyte retrieval cycles were performed in 18 patients,of which 6 patients had no biopsied embryos for 10 cycles.Sixty-one embryos were biopsied and 60 embryos were clearly diagnosed,including 25 with chromosomal abnormalities.Seven patients with mosaic Turner syndrome obtained clinical pregnancies after transplantation,including 4 healthy boys had already been delivered and 3 are in pregnancy.Conclusion There are numerous types of karyotype in Turner syndrome.The clinical phenotypes vary greatly in individuals with Turner syndrome,and prognosis of PGT is significant different.Patients with Turner syndrome who had biopsied embryos can obtain available embryo using PGT,and achieve ideal clinical outcomes.

OBJECTIVES: This research was performed to explore the effect of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) on the apoptosis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in ischemia and hypoxia environments. METHODS: The cell viability of BMSCs incubated under hypoxia/ischemia (H/I) conditions with or without pretreatment with MIF or triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC) was detected using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) analysis. Plasmids containing long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) or β-catenin small interfering RNA (siRNA) were used to overexpress or downregulate the corresponding gene, and the p53 signaling pathway was activated by pretreatment with TGIC. The influences of MIF, overexpression of lncRNA MEG3, activation of the p53 signaling pathway, and silencing of β-catenin on H/I-induced apoptosis of BMSCs were revealed by western blotting, flow cytometry, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining. RESULTS: From the results of CCK-8 assay, western blotting, and flow cytometry, pretreatment with MIF significantly decreased the H/I-induced apoptosis of BMSCs. This effect was inhibited when lncRNA MEG3 was overexpressed by plasmids containing MEG3. The p53 signaling pathway was activated by TGIC, and β-catenin was silenced by siRNA. From western blot results, the expression levels of β-catenin in the nucleus and phosphorylated p53 (p-p53) were downregulated and upregulated, respectively, when the lncRNA MEG3 was overexpressed. Through flow cytometry, MIF was also shown to significantly alleviate the increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) level of BMSCs caused by H/I. CONCLUSIONS In summary, we conclude that MIF protected BMSCs from H/I-induced apoptosis by downregulating the lncRNA MEG3/p53 signaling pathway, activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and decreasing ROS levels.
Humans ; RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism* ; Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors/metabolism* ; beta Catenin/metabolism* ; Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism* ; Sincalide/metabolism* ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism* ; Apoptosis ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells ; Wnt Signaling Pathway/genetics* ; RNA, Small Interfering/metabolism* ; Hypoxia/metabolism* ; Ischemia ; Bone Marrow Cells

Objective:To explore the application of mobile augmented reality (mAR) technology in the teaching of neuroanatomy, and to observe its effect on students' academic performance and cognitive load.Methods:By collecting and designing various neuroanatomy multimedia teaching resources (graphics, animations and videos), using augmented reality (AR) marker-based image recognition technology, the multimedia resources were placed at the tags in the traditional book pages to make the books interactive. And various multimedia resources were combined with traditional printed books through mobile devices. Forty students were randomized into the experimental group or the control group. The experimental group was taught with mAR multimedia materials, and the control group adopted traditional teaching methods. After a 6-hour course was completed, all students had a unified test, and the academic performance test and the PAAS(platform-as-a-service) cognitive load scale were used for data collection and analysis. The variance analyses (MANOVA and ANOVA) were used for significance testing.Results:One-way MANOVA test was used to determine the learning effect of mAR on academic performance and cognitive load. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group ( P<0.05). The univariate ANOVA test found that the experimental group students who learned neuroanatomy through mAR had better test scores than the control group students. In addition, compared with the control group students, the cognitive load of students in experimental group was significantly reduced, with statistical significance (all P<0.05). Conclusion:Through the teaching practice, we found that using mAR to learn neuroanatomy helps students improve their academic performance while reducing their cognitive load.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the application value of mapping allele with resolved carrier status (MaReCs) technique for preimplantation genetic testing (PGT). METHODS: The characteristics of MaReCs for PGT and outcome of patients were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Compared with those who could not use the technique, carriers who have used the MaReCs technique were younger, had significantly higher level of anti-Mullerian hormone, more antral follicles, occytes, mature occytes, biopsied embryos and euploid embryos, and lower risks for de novo chromosomal abnormality (P<0.05). It was necessary for couples with fewer oocytes, mature oocytes and balstocyst to preserve discarded embryos to facilitate the test. Carriers who have used the MaReCs technique had higher clinical pregnancy rate and abortion rate compared with those undergoing routine PGT, albeit no significant difference was found between the two groups (P> 0.05). Carriers undergoing MaReCs test could preferentially select embryos with normal chromosome structures for the transfer. CONCLUSION Application of MaReCs has a prerequisite for having a minimum number of occytes and biopsied embryos and using discarded embryos sometimes. MaReCs is efficient for the detection of carrier status of embryos and attaining higher rate of pregnancy and live birth, which can significantly improve the outcome for couples carrying chromosomal translocations.
Alleles ; Aneuploidy ; Blastocyst ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Genetic Testing ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Preimplantation Diagnosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Translocation, Genetic

Objective: To evaluate the immunogenicity of split influenza H1N1 vaccine formulated with an oil-in-water nano-emulsion adjuvant in aged mice and young mice. Methods: A nano-emulsion adjuvant formulated split influenza H1N1 vaccine was used to immunize aged and young mice through intramuscular injection. Each mouse was immunized with 0.012 μg of hemagglutinin (HA) twice with an interval of 28 d. Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers in serum were measured 27 d after first immunization. Serum HI, IgG1 and IgG2a titers were detected 14 d after the last immunization. No adjuvant-formulated vaccine and normal saline (NS) were used to set up control groups. Virus challenge test was carried out using 10 times the median lethal dose (LD₅₀) of A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) strain two weeks after the last immunization and the protective effects were assessed through measuring the dynamic changes in body weight and survival rate. Results: Higher levels of serum HI, IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies and higher HI antibody conversion rates were induced in the adjuvant groups, especially in the aged mice group, than in the control groups. Nano-emulsion adjuvant improved the immunogenicity of HA and mouse immunity to A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1). Conclusions Nano-emulsion adjuvant could enhance the immunogenicity of influenza antigens, especially in aged mice.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of HIFU ablation for uterine fibroids in patients with abdominal surgical scars in acoustic pathway causing acoustic attenuation width ＜10 mm.Methods Totally 861 patients with uterine fibroids were referred for HIFU treatment and underwent contrast-enhanced MR scans before and after HIFU ablation.Among all patients,202 had abdominal surgical scars causing width ＜10 mm acoustic attenuation (abdominal scars group) and 659 had no abdominal surgical scars (without abdominal scars group).The outcomes,intra-operative adverse reactions and post-operative complications between the two groups were compared.Results HIFU ablation was successfully performed in all patients.The volume ablation rate was (80.31 ± 18.16)％ in abdominal scars group and (79.60±17.57)％ in without abdominal scars group (P＝0.620).The rate of ‘hot'skin sensation during HIFU procedure in abdominal scars group (52.97％ [107/202]) was higher than that in without abdominal scars group (41.58％ [274/ 659];P＝0.004).Anterior abdominal wall edema was found in 40 cases (40/202,19.80％) in abdominal scars group and 98 cases (98/659,14.87％) in without abdominal scars group on post-operation MRI (P＝ 0.095).Conclusion Prior abdominal surgical scars in acoustic pathway causing width ＜10 mm acoustic attenuation has not significantly influence on the efficacy and safety of HIFU treatment for uterine fibroid.

Focused ultrasound surgery (FUS) technology has been used for clinical treatment more than 20 years. Since 2011, relying on the "high intensity focused ultrasound tumor therapy training base", focusing ultrasound surgeons on the treatment of uterine fibroids, based on the basic theories and skills provided by interns who have just access to the qualification of licensed physicians, the training courses are set such as engineering technology principles, biological effects and mechanisms, micro and non-invasive concepts and clinical thinking, image recognition ability, operation training, and postoperative complications management etc.. After strict quality training and performance evaluation, the initial training of focused ultrasound surgeons has been completed. Moreover, the training object can consolidate learning effect through continuing education in order to acquire stable skills and skills.

Objective To investigate the correlation between semen parameters with spontaneous abortion in early pregnancy after in vitro fertilization (IVF) assisted pregnancy operation .Methods 220 patients with successful pregnancy after IVF assisted pregnancy operation in the reproductive center of this hospital were selected as the research subjects .Among them ,40 cases of early spontaneous abortion served as the observa-tion group and 180 cases without early spontaneous abortion occurrence as the control group .The related pa-rameters of sperm hyaluronic acid unbinding rate ,sperm nucleoprotein immaturity rate and sperm morphology normal rate were measured and analyzed by adopting the computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) .Results The sperm hyaluronic acid unbinding rate and sperm nucleoprotein immaturity rate in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ,the difference was statistically significant ( P<0 .05);the sperm morphology normal rate in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05);the other semen parameters had no statis-tical differences between the two groups (P>0 .05) .The statistical analysis result showed that the sperm hy-aluronic acid unbinding rate ,sperm DNA fragmentation rate and sperm nucleoprotein immaturity had the posi-tive correlation between each other ,which had the negative correlation with the other indicators .After the stepwise analysis by the binary Logistic regression model ,the results showed that the high risk factors affect-ing spontaneous abortion in early pregnancy after IVF included sperm nucleoprotein immaturity rate and sperm hyaluronic acid unbinding rate .Conclusion The sperm nucleoprotein immaturity rate and sperm hyalu-ronic acid unbinding rate are two high-risk factors inducing early spontaneous abortion after IVF .