Purpose: To characterize the patterns of demographic data, dermatologic diagnosis, and disposition regarding pediatric dermatological presentations in an emergency department (ED) at Armadale Health Service, a secondary outer metropolitan hospital in Perth, Western Australia. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study auditing pediatric dermatological presentations to the ED from December 2022 through November 2023. We analyzed the age group, sex, dermatologic diagnosis, Australasian Triage Scale, ED length of stay, and disposition. The age group comprised infants, preschoolers, schoolers, and adolescents. The diagnosis included anaphylaxis and angioneurotic edema (AAE), allergy-related and urticarial dermatitis (AUD), eczema and other dermatitis (EOD), infective dermatoses, and not elsewhere classified. Results: Of the 540 pediatric patients who presented to the ED with a dermatological complaint, 44.4% were girls with a median age of 4.5 years (interquartile range, 1.5-9.3) and a hospitalization rate of 7.6%. The dermatologic diagnoses consisted of AUD (34.3%), infective dermatoses (29.3%), EOD (23.3%), AAE (8.5%), and not elsewhere classified (4.6%). Most patients were triaged as an Australasian Triage Scale category 3-4, with a median ED length of stay of 2.3 hours (1.5-3.5 hours). Pairwise comparisons showed differences in the diagnoses between infants and preschoolers and between schoolers and adolescents for EOD and infective dermatoses (P < 0.001). The hospitalized patients showed a higher proportion of AAE, EOD, and infective dermatoses than those discharged (P < 0.001). Patients with AUD were hospitalized less (odds ratio, 0.06; 95% confidence interval, 0.12-0.30; compared with AAE). No dermatological emergencies, such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome, were identified. Conclusion Our findings underscore regional differences and support global efforts to reduce non-life-threatening pediatric dermatological presentations to the ED. This study may contribute to the ongoing discourse on effectively managing such presentations in EDs.

Purpose: To characterize the patterns of demographic data, dermatologic diagnosis, and disposition regarding pediatric dermatological presentations in an emergency department (ED) at Armadale Health Service, a secondary outer metropolitan hospital in Perth, Western Australia. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study auditing pediatric dermatological presentations to the ED from December 2022 through November 2023. We analyzed the age group, sex, dermatologic diagnosis, Australasian Triage Scale, ED length of stay, and disposition. The age group comprised infants, preschoolers, schoolers, and adolescents. The diagnosis included anaphylaxis and angioneurotic edema (AAE), allergy-related and urticarial dermatitis (AUD), eczema and other dermatitis (EOD), infective dermatoses, and not elsewhere classified. Results: Of the 540 pediatric patients who presented to the ED with a dermatological complaint, 44.4% were girls with a median age of 4.5 years (interquartile range, 1.5-9.3) and a hospitalization rate of 7.6%. The dermatologic diagnoses consisted of AUD (34.3%), infective dermatoses (29.3%), EOD (23.3%), AAE (8.5%), and not elsewhere classified (4.6%). Most patients were triaged as an Australasian Triage Scale category 3-4, with a median ED length of stay of 2.3 hours (1.5-3.5 hours). Pairwise comparisons showed differences in the diagnoses between infants and preschoolers and between schoolers and adolescents for EOD and infective dermatoses (P < 0.001). The hospitalized patients showed a higher proportion of AAE, EOD, and infective dermatoses than those discharged (P < 0.001). Patients with AUD were hospitalized less (odds ratio, 0.06; 95% confidence interval, 0.12-0.30; compared with AAE). No dermatological emergencies, such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome, were identified. Conclusion Our findings underscore regional differences and support global efforts to reduce non-life-threatening pediatric dermatological presentations to the ED. This study may contribute to the ongoing discourse on effectively managing such presentations in EDs.

Purpose: To characterize the patterns of demographic data, dermatologic diagnosis, and disposition regarding pediatric dermatological presentations in an emergency department (ED) at Armadale Health Service, a secondary outer metropolitan hospital in Perth, Western Australia. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study auditing pediatric dermatological presentations to the ED from December 2022 through November 2023. We analyzed the age group, sex, dermatologic diagnosis, Australasian Triage Scale, ED length of stay, and disposition. The age group comprised infants, preschoolers, schoolers, and adolescents. The diagnosis included anaphylaxis and angioneurotic edema (AAE), allergy-related and urticarial dermatitis (AUD), eczema and other dermatitis (EOD), infective dermatoses, and not elsewhere classified. Results: Of the 540 pediatric patients who presented to the ED with a dermatological complaint, 44.4% were girls with a median age of 4.5 years (interquartile range, 1.5-9.3) and a hospitalization rate of 7.6%. The dermatologic diagnoses consisted of AUD (34.3%), infective dermatoses (29.3%), EOD (23.3%), AAE (8.5%), and not elsewhere classified (4.6%). Most patients were triaged as an Australasian Triage Scale category 3-4, with a median ED length of stay of 2.3 hours (1.5-3.5 hours). Pairwise comparisons showed differences in the diagnoses between infants and preschoolers and between schoolers and adolescents for EOD and infective dermatoses (P < 0.001). The hospitalized patients showed a higher proportion of AAE, EOD, and infective dermatoses than those discharged (P < 0.001). Patients with AUD were hospitalized less (odds ratio, 0.06; 95% confidence interval, 0.12-0.30; compared with AAE). No dermatological emergencies, such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome, were identified. Conclusion Our findings underscore regional differences and support global efforts to reduce non-life-threatening pediatric dermatological presentations to the ED. This study may contribute to the ongoing discourse on effectively managing such presentations in EDs.

Purpose: To characterize the patterns of demographic data, dermatologic diagnosis, and disposition regarding pediatric dermatological presentations in an emergency department (ED) at Armadale Health Service, a secondary outer metropolitan hospital in Perth, Western Australia. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study auditing pediatric dermatological presentations to the ED from December 2022 through November 2023. We analyzed the age group, sex, dermatologic diagnosis, Australasian Triage Scale, ED length of stay, and disposition. The age group comprised infants, preschoolers, schoolers, and adolescents. The diagnosis included anaphylaxis and angioneurotic edema (AAE), allergy-related and urticarial dermatitis (AUD), eczema and other dermatitis (EOD), infective dermatoses, and not elsewhere classified. Results: Of the 540 pediatric patients who presented to the ED with a dermatological complaint, 44.4% were girls with a median age of 4.5 years (interquartile range, 1.5-9.3) and a hospitalization rate of 7.6%. The dermatologic diagnoses consisted of AUD (34.3%), infective dermatoses (29.3%), EOD (23.3%), AAE (8.5%), and not elsewhere classified (4.6%). Most patients were triaged as an Australasian Triage Scale category 3-4, with a median ED length of stay of 2.3 hours (1.5-3.5 hours). Pairwise comparisons showed differences in the diagnoses between infants and preschoolers and between schoolers and adolescents for EOD and infective dermatoses (P < 0.001). The hospitalized patients showed a higher proportion of AAE, EOD, and infective dermatoses than those discharged (P < 0.001). Patients with AUD were hospitalized less (odds ratio, 0.06; 95% confidence interval, 0.12-0.30; compared with AAE). No dermatological emergencies, such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome, were identified. Conclusion Our findings underscore regional differences and support global efforts to reduce non-life-threatening pediatric dermatological presentations to the ED. This study may contribute to the ongoing discourse on effectively managing such presentations in EDs.

Purpose: To characterize the patterns of demographic data, dermatologic diagnosis, and disposition regarding pediatric dermatological presentations in an emergency department (ED) at Armadale Health Service, a secondary outer metropolitan hospital in Perth, Western Australia. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study auditing pediatric dermatological presentations to the ED from December 2022 through November 2023. We analyzed the age group, sex, dermatologic diagnosis, Australasian Triage Scale, ED length of stay, and disposition. The age group comprised infants, preschoolers, schoolers, and adolescents. The diagnosis included anaphylaxis and angioneurotic edema (AAE), allergy-related and urticarial dermatitis (AUD), eczema and other dermatitis (EOD), infective dermatoses, and not elsewhere classified. Results: Of the 540 pediatric patients who presented to the ED with a dermatological complaint, 44.4% were girls with a median age of 4.5 years (interquartile range, 1.5-9.3) and a hospitalization rate of 7.6%. The dermatologic diagnoses consisted of AUD (34.3%), infective dermatoses (29.3%), EOD (23.3%), AAE (8.5%), and not elsewhere classified (4.6%). Most patients were triaged as an Australasian Triage Scale category 3-4, with a median ED length of stay of 2.3 hours (1.5-3.5 hours). Pairwise comparisons showed differences in the diagnoses between infants and preschoolers and between schoolers and adolescents for EOD and infective dermatoses (P < 0.001). The hospitalized patients showed a higher proportion of AAE, EOD, and infective dermatoses than those discharged (P < 0.001). Patients with AUD were hospitalized less (odds ratio, 0.06; 95% confidence interval, 0.12-0.30; compared with AAE). No dermatological emergencies, such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome, were identified. Conclusion Our findings underscore regional differences and support global efforts to reduce non-life-threatening pediatric dermatological presentations to the ED. This study may contribute to the ongoing discourse on effectively managing such presentations in EDs.

Objective To explore clinical effect of distal tibial tubercle-high tibial osteotomy(DTT-HTO)in treating knee osteoarthritis(KO A)with medial meniscus posterior root tear(MMPRT).Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 21 patients with varus KOA with MMPRT from May 2020 to December 2021,including 3 males and 18 females,aged from 49 to 75 years old with an average of(63.81±6.56)years old,the courses of disease ranged from 0.5 to 18.0 years with an average of(5.9±4.2)years,and 4 patients with grade Ⅱ,14 patients with grade Ⅲ,and 3 patients with grade Ⅳ according to Kellgren-Lawrence;14 patients with type 1 and 7 patients with type 2 according to MMPRT damage classification.The distance of medi-al meniscusextrusion(MME)and weight-bearing line ratio(WBLR)of lower extremity were compared before and 12 months after operation.Visual analogue scale(V AS),Western Ontarioand and McMaster Universities(WOMAC)osteoarthritis index,and Lysholm knee score were used to evaluate knee pain and functional improvement before operation,1,6 and 12 months after operation,respectively.Results Twenty-one patients were followed up for 12 to 18 months with an average of(13.52±1.72)months.MME distance was improved from(4.99±1.05)mm before operation to(1.87±0.76)mm at 12 months after operation(P＜0.05).WBLR was increased from(15.49±7.04)％before operation to(62.71±2.27)％at 12 months after operation(P＜0.05).VAS was decreased from(7.00±1.14)before operation to(2.04±0.80),(0.90±0.62)and(0.61±0.50)at 1,6 and 12 months after operation.WOMAC were decreased from preoperative(147.90±9.88)to postoperative(103.43±8.52),(74.00±9.54)and(47.62±9.53)at 1,6 and 12 months,and the difference were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Lysholm scores were increased from(46.04±7.34)before oepration to(63.19±8.93),(81.10±6.41)and(89.29±3.04)at 1,6 and 12 months after operation(P＜0.05).Conclusion For the treatment of varus KOA with MMPRT,DTT-HTO could reduce medial meniscus pro-trusion distance,improve the ratio of lower limb force line,and effectively reduce knee pain and improve knee joint function.

Objective:This study was aimed to provide ideas for identifying the antibodies to high-frequency antigens by analyzing a female case of high-frequency antigen antibody(anti-Ku)using serological and sequencing method.Methods:The methods for identification of blood group,erythrocyte antigen,screening and identification of antibody were used to detect the blood type and antibody in the proband.The proband's serum and reagent screening cells treated with Sulfhydryl reagent were applied to judge the type and characteristics of this antibodies when reacted with the regaent screening cells or proband's serum respectively.Gene sequencing was used to determine the genotype of the proband's blood group.Results:The proband's red blood cells were determined as O type RhD positive,whose serum showed strong positive reaction to antibody-screening cells and antibody identification cells with the same intensity in saline and IAT medium,however,the self-cells showed negative effect.The Direct Antihuman Globulin of proband's red blood cells also showed weak positive reaction,and the other blood types were CcEe,Jk(a+b-),P1-,Le(a-b-),Lu(a-b+),K-,k-,Kp(a-b-).Serum of the proband treated with 2-ME still react with three groups of screening cells in IAT medium.The reaction intensity of proband's serum was also unchanged with the cells modified with papain and bromelain,but showed negative effect when the cells were treated with sulfhydryl agents including DTT and 2-ME.Gene sequencing revealed that the KEL genotype of the patient was KEL*02N.24.This patient had a rare K0 phenotype.Conclusion:The rare Kell-null blood group(also known as K0)were identified by serological and molecular tests in the proband who produced both IgG and IgM type of antibody to high-frequency antigen(anti-Ku).These two methods are of great significance in the identification of this rare blood group as well as the antibody to high frequency antigen.

Anti-tumor traditional Chinese medicine has a long history of clinic application, in which the star molecules have always been the hotspot of modern drug research, but they are limited by the solubility, stability, targeting, bioactivity or toxicity of the monomer components of traditional Chinese medicine anti-tumor star molecules and other pharmacokinetic problems, which hinders the traditional Chinese medicine anti-tumor star molecules for further clinical translation and application. Currently, the nanosystems prepared by supramolecular technologies such as molecular self-assembly and nanomaterial encapsulation have broader application prospects in improving the anti-tumor effect of active components of traditional Chinese medicine, which has attracted extensive attention from scholars at home and abroad. In this paper, we systematically review the research progress in preparation of supramolecular nano-systems from anti-tumor star molecule of traditional Chinese medicine, and summarize the two major categories and ten small classes of carrier-free and carrier-based supramolecular nanosystems and their research cases, and the future development direction is put forward. The purpose of this paper is to provide reference for the research and clinical transformation of using supramolecular technology to improve the clinical application of anti-tumor star molecule of traditional Chinese medicine.

Endodontic diseases are a kind of chronic infectious oral disease.Common endodontic treatment concepts are based on the removal of inflamed or necrotic pulp tissue and the replacement by gutta-percha.However,it is very essential for endodontic treatment to debride the root canal system and prevent the root canal system from bacterial reinfection after root canal therapy(RCT).Recent research,encompassing bacterial etiology and advanced imaging techniques,contributes to our understanding of the root canal system's anatomy intricacies and the technique sensitivity of RCT.Success in RCT hinges on factors like patients,infection severity,root canal anatomy,and treatment techniques.Therefore,improving disease management is a key issue to combat endodontic diseases and cure periapical lesions.The clinical difficulty assessment system of RCT is established based on patient conditions,tooth conditions,root canal configuration,and root canal needing retreatment,and emphasizes pre-treatment risk assessment for optimal outcomes.The findings suggest that the presence of risk factors may correlate with the challenge of achieving the high standard required for RCT.These insights contribute not only to improve education but also aid practitioners in treatment planning and referral decision-making within the field of endodontics.

Wuzhuyu Decoction, the classical formula recorded in the Treatise on Febrile Diseases(Shang Han Lun), has been included in the Catalogue of Ancient Classic Prescriptions(the First Batch). Consisting of Euodiae Fructus, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, and Jujubae Fructus, it is effective in warming the middle, tonifying deficiency, dispelling cold, and descending adverse Qi, and is widely applied clinically with remarkable efficacies. For a classical formula, the chemical composition is the material basis and an important premise for quantity value transfer. This study aimed to establish a rapid identification method of chemical components in Wuzhuyu Decoction by high-resolution mass spectrometry(HR-MS) and molecular network. AQUITY UPLC BEH C_(18) column(2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.7 μm) was used for sample separation, and acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid in water was used as mobile phases for gradient elution. Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS data were collected in positive and negative ion modes, and GNPS molecular network was plotted according to the similarity of MS/MS fragmentation modes. Cytoscape 3.6.1 was used to screen molecular clusters with similar structures. Finally, the chemical components of Wuzhuyu Decoction were rapidly identified according to the controls, as well as the information of retention time, accurate relative molecular weight of HR-MS, and MS/MS multistage fragments. A total of 105 chemical components were identified in Wuzhuyu Decoction. This study can provide data for the follow-up quality control, standard substance research, and pharmacodynamic material research on Wuzhuyu Decoction, as well as references for the rapid qualitative analysis of the chemical components of Chinese medicine.
Tandem Mass Spectrometry/methods* ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry* ; Quality Control