Objective:To investigate the toxic effect of chlorambucil combined with ibrutinib on mantle cell lymphoma(MCL)cell line Jeko-1 and its related mechanism.Methods:The MCL cell line Jeko-1 was incubated with different concentrations of chlorambucil or ibrutinib or the combination of the two drugs,respectively.CCK-8 assay was used to detect the proliferation of the cells,and Western blot was used to measure the protein expression levels of BCL-2,caspase-3,PI3K,AKT and P-AKT.Results:After Jeko-1 cells were treated with chlorambucil(3.125,6.25,12.5,25,50 μmol/L)and ibrutinib(3.125,6.25,12.5,25,50 μmol/L)alone for 24,48,72h respectively,the cell proliferation was inhibited in a time-and dose-dependent manner.Moreover,the two drugs were applied in combination at low doses(single drug inhibition rate＜50％),and the results showed that the combination of two drugs had a more significant inhibitory effect(all P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the apoptosis rate of the single drug group of chlorambucil(3.125,6.25,12.5,25,50 μmol/L)and ibutinib(3.125,6.25,12.5,25,50 μmol/L)was increased in a dose-dependent manner.The combination of the two drugs at low concentrations(3.125,6.25,12.5 μmol/L)could significantly increase the apoptosis rate compared with the corresponding concentration of single drug groups(all P＜0.05).Compared with control group,the protein expression levels of caspase-3 in Jeko-l cells were upregulated,while the protein expression levels of BCL-2,PI3K,and p-AKT/AKT were downregulated after treatment with chlorambucil or ibrutinib alone.The combination of the two drugs could produce a synergistic effect on the expressions of the above-mentioned proteins,and the differences between the combination group and the single drug groups were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Conclusion:Chlorambucil and ibrutinib can promote the apoptosis of MCL cell line Jeko-1,and combined application of the two drugs shows a synergistic effect,the mechanism may be associated with the AKT-related signaling pathways.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD)in twin preterm infants with a gestational age of<34 weeks,and to provide a basis for early identification of BPD in twin preterm infants in clinical practice.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for the twin preterm infants with a gestational age of<34 weeks who were admitted to 22 hospitals nationwide from January 2018 to December 2020.According to their conditions,they were divided into group A(both twins had BPD),group B(only one twin had BPD),and group C(neither twin had BPD).The risk factors for BPD in twin preterm infants were analyzed.Further analysis was conducted on group B to investigate the postnatal risk factors for BPD within twins.Results A total of 904 pairs of twins with a gestational age of<34 weeks were included in this study.The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with group C,birth weight discordance of>25%between the twins was an independent risk factor for BPD in one of the twins(OR=3.370,95%CI:1.500-7.568,P<0.05),and high gestational age at birth was a protective factor against BPD(P<0.05).The conditional logistic regression analysis of group B showed that small-for-gestational-age(SGA)birth was an independent risk factor for BPD in individual twins(OR=5.017,95%CI:1.040-24.190,P<0.05).Conclusions The development of BPD in twin preterm infants is associated with gestational age,birth weight discordance between the twins,and SGA birth.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease. At present, levodopa and other drugs are mainly used for dopamine supplementation therapy. However, the absorption of levodopa in the gastrointestinal tract is unstable and its half-life is short, and long-term use of levodopa will lead to the end-of-dose deterioration, dyskinesia, the "ON-OFF" phenomenon and other symptoms. Therefore, new preparations need to be developed to improve drug efficacy, reduce side effects or improve compliance of patients. Based on the above clinical needs, this review briefly introduced the preparation modification strategies for the treatment of PD through case analysis, in order to provide references for the research and development of related preparations.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of mucin 1 (MUC1) on the proliferation and apoptosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and its regulatory mechanism. MethodsThe 60 NPC and paired para-cancer normal tissues were collected from October 2020 to July 2021 in Quanzhou First Hospital. The expression of MUC1 was measured by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) in the patients with PNC. The 5-8F and HNE1 cells were transfected with siRNA control (si-control) or siRNA targeting MUC1 (si-MUC1). Cell proliferation was analyzed by cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assay, and apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry analysis in the 5-8F and HNE1 cells. The qPCR and ELISA were executed to analyze the levels of TNF-α and IL-6. Western blot was performed to measure the expression of MUC1, NF-кB and apoptosis-related proteins (Bax and Bcl-2). ResultsThe expression of MUC1 was up-regulated in the NPC tissues, and NPC patients with the high MUC1 expression were inclined to EBV infection, growth and metastasis of NPC. Loss of MUC1 restrained malignant features, including the proliferation and apoptosis, downregulated the expression of p-IкB、p-P65 and Bcl-2 and upregulated the expression of Bax in the NPC cells. ConclusionDownregulation of MUC1 restrained biological characteristics of malignancy, including cell proliferation and apoptosis, by inactivating NF-κB signaling pathway in NPC.

OBJECTIVE: This study explored whether thyroglobulin and thyroid disease prevalence rates were higher in pregnant Chinese women with a median urinary iodine concentration of 100-149 µg/L, compared with those with a median urinary iodine concentration of 150-249 μg/L maintained through sustainable universal salt iodization. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study in which 812 healthy pregnant women were enrolled to collect samples of their household edible salt, urine, and blood during their routine antenatal care in the 18 counties in Fujian Province, China. The levels of salt iodine concentration, urinary iodine concentration (UIC), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroid hormone (FT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroglobulin (Tg), thyroid peroxidase antibody and thyroglobulin antibody were assessed during the routine antenatal care visits. RESULTS: The median UIC (mUIC) in pregnant women was 130.8 μg/L (interquartile range = 91.5-198.1 μg/L) in the counties with an mUIC of 100-149 μg/L (Group I), and 172.0 μg/L (interquartile range = 123.5-244.4 μg/L) in the counties with an mUIC of 150-249 μg/L (Group II). Goiter prevalence and thyroid nodule detection rates showed no difference between Group I and Group II ( P > 0.05). Except for FT4 values, the TSH, FT4, FT3, Tg and Tg values > 40 (μg/L) and the thyroid diseases prevalence rate (TDR) showed no significant differences between Group I and Group II ( P > 0.05), whether or not iodine supplementation measures were taken. CONCLUSION Compared with an mUIC of 150-249 μg/L, not only there was no difference in thyroid morphology, but also the Tg value, rate of Tg values > 40 µg/L, and TDR were not higher in pregnant women in the counties with an mUIC of 100-149 μg/L achieved through sustainable universal salt iodization in Fujian Province, China.
Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Iodine/urine* ; Pregnant Women ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary ; Thyroglobulin ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyrotropin ; East Asian People

Objective:To explore the application of intelligent pelvic floor ultrasound combined with multi-planar imaging in the assessment of postpartum stress urinary incontinence(SUI)and pelvic organ prolapse(POP).Methods:A total of 516 delivery women who delivered in hospital and underwent voluntarily pelvic floor ultrasound were retrospectively selected.They were divided into SUI group(55 cases),POP group(187 cases)and normal group(274 cases)according to the results of clinical diagnosis.The resting state and a series of ultrasound parameters included bladder neck symphyseal distance(BSD),posterior urethrovesical angle(PUVA),urethral tilt angle(UTA)and bladder neck descent(BND)under the maximum Valsalva action among three groups were observed and compared.In addition,the accuracy of intelligent pelvic floor ultrasound combined with multi-planar imaging in assessing SUI and POP among three groups also were observed and compared.Results:Under the resting state,the BSD and PUVA of the SUI group were respectively lower than those of the normal group,and UTA of SUI group was higher than that of the normal group,and the differences were statistical significance(t=2.008,t=2.012,t=2.392,P<0.05).Under the maximum Valsalva action,the BSD and PUVA of the SUI group were respectively lower than those of the normal group,and UTA of the SUI group was higher than that of the normal group,and the differences were statistical significance(t=2.265,t=9.144,t=3.728,P<0.05),and the BND of the SUI group was significantly higher than that of the normal group(t=11.861,P<0.05).Under the resting state,the BSD and PUVA of the POP group were respectively lower than those of the normal group,and UTA of the POP group was significantly higher than that of the normal group(t=2.139,t=3.179,t=2.817,P<0.05),and the differences were statistical significance.Under the maximum Valsalva action,the BSD and PUVA of the POP group were respectively lower than those of the normal group,and the UTA of the POP group was significantly higher than that of the normal group,and the differences were statistical significance(t=3.748,t=12.293,t=4.396,P<0.05),and the BND of POP group was significantly higher than that of the normal group(t=20.855,P<0.05).The accuracy,sensitivity and specificity of intelligent pelvic floor ultrasound combined with multi-planar imaging were respectively 97.87%,94.44%and 98.55%in assessing SUI,and they were respectively 97.61%,97.31%and 97.82%in assessing POP.The result of Kappa consistency test indicated the consistency between the intelligent pelvic floor ultrasound combined with multi-planar imaging and the clinically diagnostic results was strong in assessing SUI and POP(Kappa=0.923,Kappa=0.950,P<0.05).Conclusion:The intelligent pelvic floor ultrasound combines with multi-planar imaging can effectively diagnose the SUI and POP of postpartum by intelligent assessing the changes of pelvic floor structure and function of delivery woman,which has favorably clinical application value.

China has a high incidence of esophageal cancer，more than 90% of which are esophageal squamous cell carcinoma （ESCC）. Abnormal proliferation，migration and new microvessels of intraepithelial neoplasia cells are the important pathogenic links in the transformation from esophageal intraepithelial neoplasia （EIN） to ESCC. Studies on the progression of esophageal precancerous lesions into esophageal cancer mostly focus on environment and genetic susceptibility，such as inflammatory factors，abnormal vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） signaling pathway transduction，p53 gene mutation，and DNA methylation. Some pharmacology studies have confirmed that traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） can inhibit inflammatory factors，regulate abnormal signaling pathways and improve the microenvironment. A large number of patients with esophageal cancer have been found to be in advanced stage，and the 5-year survival rate is low even after active treatment. The quality of life of patients in advanced stage is worrying due to esophageal obstruction and lung infection，and therefore， early prevention is important. Early intervention in patients with esophageal precancerous lesions is in line with clinical needs and embodies the TCM theory of “treating disease before its onset.” The mechanism of action and clinical efficacy of TCM has been gradually confirmed and promoted， with certain clinical significance. To explore simple，economical and effective TCM intervention measures conforms to the clinical diagnosis and treatment standards and the modernization of TCM.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the relationship between the perpetrator's sex, victim's position and slashing location as well as anthropometric parameters on distance and space required for slashing, to provide the theoretical basis for the judgment of whether the crime scene was consistent with the criminal activity space. METHODS: The kinematics data of 12 male and 12 female subjects slashing the neck of standing and supine mannequins as well as the chest of the standing mannequins with a kitchen knife were obtained by using a 3D motion capture system. The relationship between the perpetrator's sex-victim's position, the perpetrator's sex-slashing location, and anthropometric parameters and the distance and space required for the slashing were analyzed by two-factor repeated measures ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis respectively. RESULTS: Compared with slashing the neck of supine mannequins, the distance (L) and normalized L (l) of slashing the neck of standing mannequins were greater, while vertical distance (L_VR) and normalized L_VR (l_VR) of the knife side were smaller. Compared with slashing the neck of standing mannequins, the L and l slashing the chest of standing mannequins were greater, while L_VR and l_VR were smaller. Horizontal distance (L_HR) and normalized L_HR (l_HR) of the knife side in males were greater than that in females. Height and arm length were positively correlated with L, L_HR, and L_VR when striking the standing mannequins. CONCLUSIONS When slashing the neck of supine or standing victims, the slashing distance is shorter and the slashing height is greater. Furthermore, the distance and space required for slashing are correlate with anthropometric parameters.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Motion Capture ; Crime ; Biomechanical Phenomena

Purpose: Systemic inflammatory response is a critical factor that promotes the initiation and metastasis of malignancies including pancreatic cancer (PC). This study was designed to determine and compare the prognostic value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR) in resectable PC and locally advanced or metastatic PC. Materials and Methods: Three hundred fifty-three patients with resectable PC and 807 patients with locally advan-ced or metastatic PC were recruited in this study. These patients were classified into a training set (n=758) and a validation set (n=402). Kaplan-Meier survival plots and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze prognosis. Results: Overall survival (OS) was significantly better for patients with resectable PC with low preoperative PLR (p=0.048) and MLR (p=0.027). Low FAR, MLR, NLR (p < 0.001), and PLR (p=0.003) were significantly associated with decreased risk of death for locally advanced or metastatic PC patients. FAR (hazard ratio [HR], 1.522; 95% confidential interval [CI], 1.261 to 1.837; p < 0.001) and MLR (HR, 1.248; 95% CI, 1.017 to 1.532; p=0.034) were independent prognostic factors for locally advanced or metastatic PC. Conclusion The prognostic roles of FAR, MLR, NLR, and PLR in resectable PC and locally advanced or metastatic PC were different. FAR showed the most prognostic power in locally advanced or metastatic PC. Low FAR was positively correlated with OS in locally advanced or metastatic PC, which could be used to predict the prognosis.